• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Special Report: Companion BRAF Mutation Testing to Select Patients with
Special Report: Companion BRAF Mutation Testing to Select Patients with

... from valine to glutamic acid at amino acid position 600 in the BRAF protein. As these products were in development, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was developing a draft guidance for in vitro companion diagnostics, the major principles of which were likely applied to products nearing FD ...
•	  Increase in Blood Pressure: Monitor blood pressure and... at appropriate intervals.  Use with caution in patients for
• Increase in Blood Pressure: Monitor blood pressure and... at appropriate intervals. Use with caution in patients for

... other measures (psychological, educational, social) for patients with this syndrome. Drug treatment may not be indicated for all patients with this syndrome. Stimulants are not intended for use in the patient who exhibits symptoms secondary to environmental factors and/or other primary psychiatric d ...
The Effects of Ibuprofen on the Embryological Development of
The Effects of Ibuprofen on the Embryological Development of

... surviving per well, the test determined these statistics to not be significant.   Moreover, the heart  rate had a drastic decrease from the control and low concentration.  The average of the control  was 145 BPM (beats per minute) and the low concentration was 143 BPM.  In contrast, the  medium conc ...
Local Anaesthetic Agents In Clinical Use
Local Anaesthetic Agents In Clinical Use

... The MRD for epinephrine-sensitive individuals (e.g., certain cardiovascularly compromised {ASA} 3], and clinically hyperthyroid patients [ASA 3]) is 40 µg per appointment. This is equivalent to about one cartridge of 1:50,000 epinephrine The only recommended use of 2% lidocaine with a 1:50,000 epine ...
STATISTICAL OPTIMIZATION OF FIXED DOSE COMBINATION OF GLIMEPIRIDE AND  ATORVASTATIN CALCIUM IN IMMEDIATE RELEASE TABLET FORMULATION 
STATISTICAL OPTIMIZATION OF FIXED DOSE COMBINATION OF GLIMEPIRIDE AND  ATORVASTATIN CALCIUM IN IMMEDIATE RELEASE TABLET FORMULATION 

... combination  product  (FDCs)  should  be  formulated  in  such  a  way  that it should have an advantage over single formulation product in  therapeutic effect,  safety  or compliance. With combination therapy,  it  is  important  to  model  how  the  drugs  act  in  combination  (synergistically,  ...
Mucoadhesive Buccal Films Embedded with Antiviral Drug Loaded
Mucoadhesive Buccal Films Embedded with Antiviral Drug Loaded

... Acyclovir loaded nanospheres embedded mucoadhesive film have been developed as potential drug delivery system and evaluated both ex vivo and in vivo. Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanospheres were formulated and impregnated in films prepared with varying concentrations of hydroxyethyl cellulose and ...
Refill Adherence to Long-Term Drug Treatment with a
Refill Adherence to Long-Term Drug Treatment with a

... factors comprise illness perceptions (symptoms), background beliefs (negative orientation to drugs in general) and contextual issues (view of others). Horne’s conclusion was that there is no typical non-adherent patient; most patients are non-adherent part of the time [6]. From a patient-centred per ...
this Outline - Alcohol Medical Scholars Program
this Outline - Alcohol Medical Scholars Program

... c. Much time spent obtaining, using, or recovering d. Craving or strong desire/urge to use e. Failure to fulfill major role obligations f. Continued use despite negative social consequences g. Important activities are reduced or given up h. Use in physically hazardous situations i. Use despite knowl ...
NUH Intravenous Drug Administration Policy
NUH Intravenous Drug Administration Policy

... good practice for IV medicines to state details of any diluting fluid and duration of the injection or infusion, which vascular access should be used, the date, rate or duration of infusion and signature. 6.1.2 Prescribing of IV loading doses For IV loading doses only:  Direct injections should be ...
Anticholinergic drugs versus other medications for overactive The Cochrane Library
Anticholinergic drugs versus other medications for overactive The Cochrane Library

... Anticholinergic drugs have been available in the treatment of overactive bladder for over thirty years and their use is widespread in clinical practice. The number of anticholinergic drugs available on the market is increasing and effectiveness has been assessed in both observational and randomised ...
Change of Genetic Architecture in Response to Sex
Change of Genetic Architecture in Response to Sex

... performed, employing a total of 85 pairsof parents and sexually produced offspring. The experiments utilized a standard life-table design (LYNCH 1985; LYNCHet al. 1989).The temperature was lo", and the photoperiod was set to a 16hr light:8hr dark cycle. The food for each individual animal was100 ml ...
Anabolic_Steroids-2
Anabolic_Steroids-2

... the best or look the strongest: especially men. • Abused by the amount taken. Some take in excessive amounts. ...
slides
slides

... Angiolillo DJ et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010 (in press) ...
Pharmacology/Therapeutics I Block 2 Lectures 12. Drug Actions in
Pharmacology/Therapeutics I Block 2 Lectures 12. Drug Actions in

... leading to expulsion of norepinephrine into the synapse. Dietary sources of certain amino acids can produce adverse reactions when combined with MAO inhibitors. For example, tyramine can be taken up into noradrenergic cells. However, ingested tyramine is normally subject to significant first pass me ...
Situation Report National Drug Intelligence Center Synthetic Cathinones (Bath Salts):
Situation Report National Drug Intelligence Center Synthetic Cathinones (Bath Salts):

... d. While the warning indicated at least 156 calls had occurred as of December 21, 2010, the AAPCC reported on May 12, 2011, that 302 “bath salt” calls were ultimately recorded for 2010. ...
SPC - HPRA website
SPC - HPRA website

... Sleep walking and other associated behaviours such as ‘sleep driving’, preparing and eating food or making phone calls, with amnesia for the event, have been reported in patients who have taken zopiclone and were not fully awake. The use of alcohol and other CNS-depressants with zopiclone appears to ...
Clarithromycin reduces the severity of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in patients with asthma
Clarithromycin reduces the severity of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in patients with asthma

... long-term basis reduce BHR, but their use has been associated with significant side-effects. Modern asthma research is orientated towards the use of inhaled corticosteroids, which also decrease BHR, or alternative drug therapies possessing less toxic immunosuppressive, immunomodulating and antiinfla ...
[Full text/PDF]
[Full text/PDF]

... accuracies as predictive SNP–SNP interaction models. The CVC statistic of an SNP combination is defined by the number of times it is selected from all the training sets. The higher the CVC, the more robust the SNP combination as a predictive interaction model. By default, in this step, only those SN ...
Novel genetic aspects of Klinefelter`s syndrome
Novel genetic aspects of Klinefelter`s syndrome

... years, new screening methods have been published: fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) may be used to estimate mosaicism in more detail by analyzing a larger number of interphase nuclei (Abdelmoula et al., 2004; Lenz et al., 2005). The extra X can also be detected by quantitative real-time PCR ( ...
Ibogaine in opioid detoxification
Ibogaine in opioid detoxification

... •Variable interval of reduced drug craving following treatment, often on the order of weeks to months •The reports of individuals who have taken ibogaine may have mechanistic significance; e.g. descriptions of panoramic memory and “oneiric” state. ...
Future Dog Breeding for Genetic Soundness
Future Dog Breeding for Genetic Soundness

... aggregates deleterious genes, producing disorders that may not be apparent in every generation. These disorders often go undetected until the condition becomes frequent enough to be recognized as inherited.Generations may be unaffected when carriers are rare. As unaffected carriers become common, mo ...
Acute Effects of d-Amphetamine on the Differential Reinforcement of
Acute Effects of d-Amphetamine on the Differential Reinforcement of

... of amphetamine on the IRT frequency distribution. Of those few studies, some presented a qualitative analysis of the IRT data in order to address the way that amphetamine alters DRL behavior (28, 36). Amphetamine, in general, causes rats to respond with shorter IRTs leading a leftward shift in the I ...
Development of Discriminative Dissolution Media for Marketed
Development of Discriminative Dissolution Media for Marketed

... the gastrointestinal tract determine drug absorption. Based on this, in vitro dissolution may be vital in assessing in vivo performance. Dissolution testing serves as a tool to distinguish between acceptable and unacceptable products. It is also used to assess the lot-to-lot quality of a drug produc ...
No correlation between phenotype and genotype in boys with a
No correlation between phenotype and genotype in boys with a

... patients died very early, because of severe neonatal encephalopathy, and thus did not have an RS phenotype. These results strongly support the idea that true RS mutations are lethal or cause very early death in hemizygous males. However, our patient is an exception as he is now 11 years old and fulf ...
Genome-wide search for asthma susceptibility loci in a founder
Genome-wide search for asthma susceptibility loci in a founder

... STRPs are ideal for this type of analysis because they have many alleles at each locus, allowing for the investigation of allele frequency dynamics over the full spectrum of frequencies. We compared the alleles at 32 STRP loci on 21 autosomes in both samples. One hundred alleles were present in both ...
< 1 ... 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 ... 1254 >

Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report