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Slide 1
Slide 1

... • Race and ethnicity are crude markers for genetic variations that may indicate how an individual will respond to a drug • Advances based on human genome will eventually enable drug therapy tailored to individuals • Genetic “fingerprint” of individuals will identify variations in genes known to affe ...
PHT 415 HomeWork
PHT 415 HomeWork

... 2. If the half-life for decomposition of a drug is 12 hours, how long will it take for 125 mg of the drug to decompose by 30%? Assume first-order kinetics and constant temperature. ...
Migraine Headaches Serotonin agonist
Migraine Headaches Serotonin agonist

... Potential contraindications Potential interactions, including herbal therapies Conditions such as abnormal cardiac rhythms, seizures, palpitations, liver problems ...
Case Study - UCLA K30 Program
Case Study - UCLA K30 Program

...  are at risk of drug toxicity even at standard doses, resulting in poor compliance  may also present with treatment resistance to prodrugs that require activation (codeine)  Ultrarapid metabolisers:  delayed therapeutic response or treatment resistance (29% of Ethiopians carry multiplicated func ...
Drug Interactions Brochure - ZYTIGA® (abiraterone acetate)
Drug Interactions Brochure - ZYTIGA® (abiraterone acetate)

... stress. Symptoms and signs of AI may be masked by adverse reactions associated with mineralocorticoid excess seen in patients treated with ZYTIGA®. Perform appropriate tests, if indicated, to confirm AI. Increased dosages of corticosteroids may be used before, during, and after stressful situations. ...
Open access
Open access

... hen prescription medicines are obtained or used illegally, it is called drug diversion. One example of this occurs when healthcare providers steal patients’ medications for their personal use. This is a serious threat to patient safety. For example, when providers tamper with injectable drugs and us ...
DNA Sequence Analysis of Genes Related to Functional
DNA Sequence Analysis of Genes Related to Functional

... A functional disorder is a medical condition that impairs the normal function of a bodily process, but where the body or associated organs appear normal under examination, imaging, laboratory values, or other standard studies. The occurrence of multiple functional symptoms in one individual suggests ...
PowerPoint-esitys
PowerPoint-esitys

... SSRI-SSRI ...
Cesamet (nabilone) 14153
Cesamet (nabilone) 14153

... ConnectiCare considers Cesamet to be medically necessary for patients who meet all of the following criteria: • Patient is being treated for nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy ...
Safe disposal of medications
Safe disposal of medications

... top computer/printer  Flash drive  Counting trays  Drug identification resources  Plastic bins/bags  Non-latex gloves  Face mask  Reflective vest  Bin for recyclables ...
DNA Sequence Analysis for Epilepsy and Seizure
DNA Sequence Analysis for Epilepsy and Seizure

... determining recurrence risks, and guiding treatment choices. In many cases, the precise genetic diagnosis can be important in therapy selection, particularly when there are known contraindications or recommended treatment options based on genetic results. epiSEEK® Comprehensive (471 genes): Designed ...
Sample letter to specialist: Managing acute pain in patients
Sample letter to specialist: Managing acute pain in patients

... Dear Dr. <>, ...
Exondys 51
Exondys 51

Biotransformation of Drugs
Biotransformation of Drugs

... • Abnormal CYP 2D6 is also known as ‘debrisoquine polymorphism’ - such patients are “slow metabolizers”, also called “poor metabolizers” of debrisoquine • Some ‘drug list’ items metabolized by 2D6: carvedilol, cevimeline, chlorpheniramine, efavirenz, imipramine, metoprolol, promethazine and timolol) ...
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 4th ed. Lilley/Harrington
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 4th ed. Lilley/Harrington

... DOUBLE BLIND STUDY ...
November 2015 – Consumer hearing (Word 20KB)
November 2015 – Consumer hearing (Word 20KB)

... Reporting of AEs has mainly involved diarrhoea, fatigue, skin irritation and rash, however clinicians have become more adept at managing these AEs as experience with the drugs is developed. The possible long-term effects of this drug combination on pituitary function and vision were also noted as ha ...
Medication Safety - Healthcare Professionals
Medication Safety - Healthcare Professionals

... • BICILLIN L-A (penicillin G benzathine) – Over 300 patients were treated for syphilis using Bicillin C-R which is not effective against syphilis – Bicillin L-A is effective for syphilis and should have been used. ...
Table 1: Pros and cons of different routes of drug administration
Table 1: Pros and cons of different routes of drug administration

... • Drugs can be formulated in such a way as to protect them from digestive enzymes, acid, etc. ...
A rational Medicines policy for Europe
A rational Medicines policy for Europe

... by the European medicines Agency between 1995 and 2000 (Garattini S British Medical Journal 2002): – 3 to 350 times as much as reference drug – for « few or non substantial advantages ...
codeine (koe-deen) - DavisPlus
codeine (koe-deen) - DavisPlus

... Pain: Assess type, location, and intensity of pain before and 1 hr (peak) after administration. When titrating opioid doses, increases of 25– 50% should be administered until there is either a 50% reduction in the patient’s pain rating on a numerical or visual analogue scale or the patient reports s ...
NIDA Commonly Abused Prescription Drug Chart
NIDA Commonly Abused Prescription Drug Chart

... addictive and dangerous when abused. This chart provides a brief look at some prescribed medications that—when used in ways or by people other than prescribed—have the potential for adverse medical consequences, including addiction. In 2010, approximately 16 million Americans reported using a prescr ...
Networks of Genes, Epistasis and a Functionally
Networks of Genes, Epistasis and a Functionally

... Autism is highly genotypically heterogenous disorder, to which variants in a large number of genes likely to contribute. Identifying the molecular pathways in which these genes act provides not only insight into the pathoetiology but also translational routes to diagnosis, patient stratification and ...
DRUGS
DRUGS

... Substances other than food that change the structure or function of the body or ...
Drug Addiction Treatment Medications
Drug Addiction Treatment Medications

... the substitute medication. The medication used most often is methadone, taken by mouth once a day. Patients are started on the lowest dose that prevents the more severe signs of withdrawal and then the dose is gradually reduced. Substitutes can be used also for withdrawal from sedatives. Patients ca ...
Lecture 9: Pharmacogenetics and individual variation of drug
Lecture 9: Pharmacogenetics and individual variation of drug

... “Study of interindividual variation in DNA sequence related to drug absorption and disposition (Pharmacokinetics) and/or drug action (Pharmacodynamics) including polymorphic variation in genes that encode the functions of transporters, metabolizing enzymes, receptors and other proteins.” “The study ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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