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Dr. Michael Sinz zpresentation
Dr. Michael Sinz zpresentation

... • Drug interactions are of great concern to both the pharmaceutical industry and regulatory agencies. • Major drug interactions are caused by either inhibition or induction of drug metabolizing enzymes. • Models provide numbers that must be placed in context with multiple factors: – therapeutic area ...
Sense and Reproducibility: the problem of translating
Sense and Reproducibility: the problem of translating

... The problem: biotech/pharma scientists have found it difficult to reproduce published work from academic groups Prinz et al (2011) Believe it or not: how much can we rely on published data on potential drug targets? Nat Rev Drug Discovery 10:712 [Bayer] Begley & Ellis (2012) Drug development: raise ...
Garrett Chap 5 M.ppt
Garrett Chap 5 M.ppt

... • At higher doses alcohol produces sedative and hypnotic effects. • In the U.S. and Canada a person is considered too impaired to drive at a blood alcohol concentration of 0.08%. ...
No such thing as a free lunch - or a leather
No such thing as a free lunch - or a leather

... is becoming clear that some patients can be maintained on low doses with two of our patients receiving 75mgs and lOOmgs a day. We dispute the logic of combining clozapine with an oral conventional antipsychotic as a way of reducing side effects. The BNF states that "prescribing of more than one anti ...
The Effect Of Diabetes Mellitus On Exposure To Tuberculosis Drugs
The Effect Of Diabetes Mellitus On Exposure To Tuberculosis Drugs

... —Individualization of the dosages and therapeutic drug monitoring in diabetic TB patients are necessary —Or in developing countriesincreasing the doses of TB drugs (especially rifampicin and isoniazid) in the whole population of diabetic —To this end, higher doses of TB drugs have been shown to be s ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... infertility as a result of cancer treatment with patients of reproductive age and provide referrals to specialists as needed. Despite these guidelines the majority of cancer centers are not in compliance. Mountain States Tumor Institute (MSTI) piloted a process to improve quality of oncofertility pr ...
Antipsychotic Drugs
Antipsychotic Drugs

... organic disease). ...
biologics - Crohn`s and Colitis Foundation of America
biologics - Crohn`s and Colitis Foundation of America

... combination with the intial therapy to increase its effectiveness. For example, combination therapy could include the addition of an immunomodulator to a biologic. As with all therapy, there are risks and benefits of combination therapy. Combining therapies can increase the effectiveness of IBD trea ...
International Journal for Pharmaceutical Research Scholars (IJPRS)
International Journal for Pharmaceutical Research Scholars (IJPRS)

... Manuscript No: IJPRS/V3/I2/000267, Received On: 14/05/2014, Accepted On: 19/05/2014 ...
pegaptanib (peg-apt-i-nib)
pegaptanib (peg-apt-i-nib)

... tach threaded plastic threader rod to the rubber stopper inside barrel of syringe. Do not pull back on plunger. ● Adequate analgesia and a broad-spectrum antibiotic should be given prior to injection. ● Intravitreal: For ophthalmic intravitreal injection only. ...
Drugs used in the Treatment of Alcohol Abuse/Addiction
Drugs used in the Treatment of Alcohol Abuse/Addiction

...  Due to the excess build up of acetaldehyde in the bloodstream, patients may feel nausea, vomit, have headaches, chest pain, and several other symptoms after only five to ten minutes after drinking.  There appears to be no “tolerance” to Antabuse; extended use of the drug only adds to its effect a ...
Epilepsy
Epilepsy

... influx into neuronal axon.  Tonic-clonic seizures (1ry & 2ry generalized) but  Inhibit the release of Not in absence seizures. ...
HMH 11.1 notes
HMH 11.1 notes

... a specific place on a chromosome. • allele combinations form when organisms have offspring (organisms get one allele from each parent). • Simplified example: Frogs have a gene for skin color (green or brown). G represents green and g represents brown. G is dominant and g is ...
Consult your levaquin pills doctor or dial 911 immediately. What do
Consult your levaquin pills doctor or dial 911 immediately. What do

... immediately. For details see our privacy policy for more than 24,000 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and nitrates for angina. The release features a James Ruskin remix. Several psychological problems will levaquin pills result in dangerous side effects. Not to be alert. In Canada - Ca ...
Pain - Full Circle Center for Integrative Medicine
Pain - Full Circle Center for Integrative Medicine

... oral morphine therapy. o Preliminary results showed hyperalgesia and tolerance with cold but no hyperalgesia with heat or analgesic tolerance to heat pain. o ...
Microevolution notes
Microevolution notes

... Relative Frequency: The number of times an allele occurs in a gene pool compared with the number of times other alleles for the same gene appear ...
Anti-depressants
Anti-depressants

... vi. Can’t concentrate or make decisions vii. Thoughts of death or suicide ...
for the lecture
for the lecture

... 2. Patients forget to take medication, interrupt treatment, cannot afford full course 3. Belief in new medications over old 4. Preferred injections of broad-spectrum drugs 5. Physicians pressured to prescribe antimicrobials 6. Pharmaceuticals marketed directly to public 7. Antibiotics poorly formula ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... • Factors for different characteristics are distributed to gametes independently of one another • Only true for genes on separate c’somes or far apart on same c’some • Ex: white flowers and smooth pods are independent of each other OR dimples and skin color are independent of each other ...
Orkambi – Criteria
Orkambi – Criteria

... gene. If the patient’s genotype is unknown, an FDA-cleared CF mutation test should be used to detect the presence of the F508del mutation on both alleles of the CFTR gene. Limitations of Use: The efficacy and safety of ORKAMBI have not been established in patients with CF other than those homozygous ...
Using this template - British Hypertension Society
Using this template - British Hypertension Society

... Health states chosen to represent disease (simplification/data dependant) • Transitions between health states affected by the effectiveness of treatments over time (Cycles) ...
pmcjcr/ pharmacokinetics
pmcjcr/ pharmacokinetics

... Drug plasma concentration monitoring is helpful for drugs •that have a low therapeutic index •that are not metabolized to active metabolites •whose concentration is not predictable from the dose •whose concentration relates well to either the therapeutic effect or the toxic effect, and preferably b ...
The Truth About Painkillers - Drug
The Truth About Painkillers - Drug

... older. Non‑medical use of painkillers rose 12%. One in 10 high school seniors in the US admits to abusing prescription painkillers. Misuse of painkillers represents three‑fourths of the overall problem of prescription drug abuse. The painkiller hydrocodone is the most commonly diverted and abused co ...
VIEWS & REVIEWS - BMJ Press Releases
VIEWS & REVIEWS - BMJ Press Releases

... potential for harm, despite the existence of research evidence to the contrary. Indeed, in 1992 John Ehrlichman, former assistant to Richard Nixon—the US president who intensified the “war on drugs” in the 1970s—notoriously admitted that the administration had lied about the harmful effects of drugs ...
UNIT 4: DNA and Genetics
UNIT 4: DNA and Genetics

... (except in the case of genetic disease, in which case the first letter of the disease is used – example cystic fibrosis is a recessive disease, but C = indicates the normal phenotype, and c = cystic fibrosis) _____27. Genotype is the allele combination for that trait found in the organism (TT, Tt, t ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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