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5.3 Regulation of the Cell Cycle
5.3 Regulation of the Cell Cycle

... • External factors include physical and chemical signals. • Growth factors are proteins that stimulate cell division. – Most mammal cells form a single layer in a culture dish and stop dividing once they touch other cells. ...
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... There are a number of cells, such as your skin cells, the cells lining your gastrointestinal tract, and your hair follicle cells that are dividing at this very moment inside of your body. It requires a good amount of energy and resources to produce new cells, so why must your body do this? Well, you ...
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... The Cell Cycle The cell cycle is the series of events in the growth and division of a cell. In the prokaryotic cell cycle, the cell grows, duplicates its DNA, and divides by pinching in the cell membrane. The eukaryotic cell cycle has four stages (the first three of which are referred to as interpha ...
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Biochemical switches in the cell cycle



A series of biochemical switches control transitions between and within the various phases of the cell cycle. The cell cycle is a series of complex, ordered, sequential events that control how a single cell divides into two cells, and involves several different phases. The phases include the G1 and G2 phases, DNA replication or S phase, and the actual process of cell division, mitosis or M phase. During the M phase, the chromosomes separate and cytokinesis occurs.The switches maintain the orderly progression of the cell cycle and act as checkpoints to ensure that each phase has been properly completed before progression to the next phase. For example, Cdk, or cyclin dependent kinase, is a major control switch for the cell cycle and it allows the cell to move from G1 to S or G2 to M by adding phosphate to protein substrates. Such multi-component (involving multiple inter-linked proteins) switches have been shown to generate decisive, robust (and potentially irreversible) transitions and trigger stable oscillations. As a result, they are a subject of active research that tries to understand how such complex properties are wired into biological control systems.
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