Overview of ATP Production
... – ATP transfers energy to many different chemical reactions; almost all metabolic pathways directly or indirectly run on energy supplied by ATP. ATP Production - Dion ...
... – ATP transfers energy to many different chemical reactions; almost all metabolic pathways directly or indirectly run on energy supplied by ATP. ATP Production - Dion ...
Site-directed mutagenesis of key amino acids in the active site of
... N, A, B, B’ and C (Fig. 1) (SKOV et al., 2001). Domains A, B and C are characteristic of family 13 whereas the two additional domains, N and B’, are unique. Domain A (residues 98–184, 261–395 and 461–550) is the characteristic (β/α)8 -barrel catalytic domain. In the α-amylase family, the conserved c ...
... N, A, B, B’ and C (Fig. 1) (SKOV et al., 2001). Domains A, B and C are characteristic of family 13 whereas the two additional domains, N and B’, are unique. Domain A (residues 98–184, 261–395 and 461–550) is the characteristic (β/α)8 -barrel catalytic domain. In the α-amylase family, the conserved c ...
Lecture 24
... Glycogen biosynthesis Most important storage form of sugar Glycogen - highly branched (1 per 10) polymer of glucose with (1,4) backbone and (1,6) branch points. More branched than starch so more free ends. Average molecular weight -several million in liver, muscle. 1/3 in liver (more concentrate ...
... Glycogen biosynthesis Most important storage form of sugar Glycogen - highly branched (1 per 10) polymer of glucose with (1,4) backbone and (1,6) branch points. More branched than starch so more free ends. Average molecular weight -several million in liver, muscle. 1/3 in liver (more concentrate ...
NADH - Mrs. Yu`s Science Classes
... • In the Calvin cycle, carbon enters as CO2, and leaves as a three-carbon sugar, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P). Each round of the Calvin cycle fixes carbon from 1 molecule of CO2 which means that it takes 3 turns to make 1 G3P, or 6 turns to make 1 molecule of glucose. So overall it costs the cel ...
... • In the Calvin cycle, carbon enters as CO2, and leaves as a three-carbon sugar, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P). Each round of the Calvin cycle fixes carbon from 1 molecule of CO2 which means that it takes 3 turns to make 1 G3P, or 6 turns to make 1 molecule of glucose. So overall it costs the cel ...
Electron Transport Chain - mr-youssef-mci
... Electron Transport Chain Overview The ETC removes energy stored in the NADH and FADH2 molecules to: 1. create a proton gradient across the inner ...
... Electron Transport Chain Overview The ETC removes energy stored in the NADH and FADH2 molecules to: 1. create a proton gradient across the inner ...
Computational protein design enables a novel one
... Table S1), so we used the BRENDA database to identify a set of five homologous ACDH enzymes (SI Appendix, Table S1) (16– 18). Genes encoding the native sequence for each enzyme were synthesized, and the proteins produced and purified as described in Materials and Methods. The proteins were assayed f ...
... Table S1), so we used the BRENDA database to identify a set of five homologous ACDH enzymes (SI Appendix, Table S1) (16– 18). Genes encoding the native sequence for each enzyme were synthesized, and the proteins produced and purified as described in Materials and Methods. The proteins were assayed f ...
LIPID MOBILIZATION
... • Lack of this enzyme in the liver prevents the futile cycle of synthesis and breakdown of acetoacetate. • Starvation causes the brain and some other tissues to increase the synthesis of b ketoacyl-CoA transferase, and therefore to increase their ability to use these compounds for energy. ...
... • Lack of this enzyme in the liver prevents the futile cycle of synthesis and breakdown of acetoacetate. • Starvation causes the brain and some other tissues to increase the synthesis of b ketoacyl-CoA transferase, and therefore to increase their ability to use these compounds for energy. ...
Bil 255 – CMB
... British bacteriologist Alexander Fleming, and recognized as anti-bacterial by Howard Florey and others. Penicillin is a substrate-like molecule* of bacterial peptidases, that naturally cross-links bacterial proteoglycans in the bacterial cell walls & favor rigidity penicillin works by IRREVERSIBLE i ...
... British bacteriologist Alexander Fleming, and recognized as anti-bacterial by Howard Florey and others. Penicillin is a substrate-like molecule* of bacterial peptidases, that naturally cross-links bacterial proteoglycans in the bacterial cell walls & favor rigidity penicillin works by IRREVERSIBLE i ...
Glycolysis
... The tense conformation of PFK, at high [ATP], has lower affinity for the other substrate, fructose-6-P. Sigmoidal dependence of reaction rate on [fructose-6-P] is seen. AMP, present at significant levels only when there is extensive ATP hydrolysis, antagonizes effects of high ATP. ...
... The tense conformation of PFK, at high [ATP], has lower affinity for the other substrate, fructose-6-P. Sigmoidal dependence of reaction rate on [fructose-6-P] is seen. AMP, present at significant levels only when there is extensive ATP hydrolysis, antagonizes effects of high ATP. ...
Glycolysis
... The tense conformation of PFK, at high [ATP], has lower affinity for the other substrate, fructose-6-P. Sigmoidal dependence of reaction rate on [fructose-6-P] is seen. AMP, present at significant levels only when there is extensive ATP hydrolysis, antagonizes effects of high ATP. ...
... The tense conformation of PFK, at high [ATP], has lower affinity for the other substrate, fructose-6-P. Sigmoidal dependence of reaction rate on [fructose-6-P] is seen. AMP, present at significant levels only when there is extensive ATP hydrolysis, antagonizes effects of high ATP. ...
pptx
... catalysis releases first triose, GAP, which is the bottom 3 carbons of glucose (C4-C5-C6) Correction on Glycolysis handout highlighted in green! ...
... catalysis releases first triose, GAP, which is the bottom 3 carbons of glucose (C4-C5-C6) Correction on Glycolysis handout highlighted in green! ...
K - UCLA Chemistry and Biochemistry
... catalysis releases first triose, GAP, which is the bottom 3 carbons of glucose (C4-C5-C6) Correction on Glycolysis handout highlighted in green! ...
... catalysis releases first triose, GAP, which is the bottom 3 carbons of glucose (C4-C5-C6) Correction on Glycolysis handout highlighted in green! ...
Cellular Respiration - Esperanza High School
... • It takes 2 turns of the Krebs Cycle to oxidize 1 glucose ...
... • It takes 2 turns of the Krebs Cycle to oxidize 1 glucose ...
Lec6 Fatty acid oxid..
... Liver in fasting state: liver can use the following sources of energy: 1- Free fatty acids (from adipose tissue) is oxidized to produce energy 2- Glycerol (from adipose tissue), amino acids (from degradation of muscle protein), and lactate (from muscles), all are used as substrates of gluconeogenes ...
... Liver in fasting state: liver can use the following sources of energy: 1- Free fatty acids (from adipose tissue) is oxidized to produce energy 2- Glycerol (from adipose tissue), amino acids (from degradation of muscle protein), and lactate (from muscles), all are used as substrates of gluconeogenes ...
Lecture of Enzymes.
... ■ The activities of metabolic pathways in cells are regulated by control of the activities of certain enzymes. ■ In feedback inhibition, the end product of a pathway inhibits the first enzyme of that pathway. ■ The activity of allosteric enzymes is adjusted by reversible binding of a specific modula ...
... ■ The activities of metabolic pathways in cells are regulated by control of the activities of certain enzymes. ■ In feedback inhibition, the end product of a pathway inhibits the first enzyme of that pathway. ■ The activity of allosteric enzymes is adjusted by reversible binding of a specific modula ...
How ribosomes make peptide bonds
... ribosome and proceeds without auxiliary factors, peptide release requires specialized release factors that recognize termination codons and promote the hydrolysis of the P-site peptidyl-tRNA. Although studied for decades, it is only in the past few years that enormous progress has been made in under ...
... ribosome and proceeds without auxiliary factors, peptide release requires specialized release factors that recognize termination codons and promote the hydrolysis of the P-site peptidyl-tRNA. Although studied for decades, it is only in the past few years that enormous progress has been made in under ...
Coenzyme B 12-Dependent Ribonucleotide Reductase: Evidence
... the oligonucleotide-directed in vitro mutagenesis system (version 2.1) from Amersham. The details of the procedures as well as the primers used for mutagenesis are provided in the supplementary material. The integrity of each mutant protein was verified using the dideoxy chain-termination methodof S ...
... the oligonucleotide-directed in vitro mutagenesis system (version 2.1) from Amersham. The details of the procedures as well as the primers used for mutagenesis are provided in the supplementary material. The integrity of each mutant protein was verified using the dideoxy chain-termination methodof S ...
glucose-6-P - WordPress.com
... rate to provide glucose 6-phosphate to meet the cell's need. Liver cells also contain an isoenzyme of hexokinase, glucokinase, which has a Km very much higher than the normal intracellular concentration of glucose. The function of glucokinase in the liver is to remove glucose from the blood followin ...
... rate to provide glucose 6-phosphate to meet the cell's need. Liver cells also contain an isoenzyme of hexokinase, glucokinase, which has a Km very much higher than the normal intracellular concentration of glucose. The function of glucokinase in the liver is to remove glucose from the blood followin ...
Student notes in ppt
... Transport and storage of fatty acids and triacylglycerols Much of the triacylglycerol stored in adipose tissue originates from dietary lipids. Fats that enter the small intestine from the stomach are insoluble and must be emulsified by bile acids such as glycocholate which are secreted by the bile ...
... Transport and storage of fatty acids and triacylglycerols Much of the triacylglycerol stored in adipose tissue originates from dietary lipids. Fats that enter the small intestine from the stomach are insoluble and must be emulsified by bile acids such as glycocholate which are secreted by the bile ...
Crystal structure of ATP sulfurylase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
... et al., 1997), demonstrate that alanine mutants of the above speci®ed residues produce either reduced activity or inactive enzymes. This strongly indicates that nucleotide binding as well as sulfurylase activity involves residues of these motifs. Additionally, a fourth highly conserved motif can be ...
... et al., 1997), demonstrate that alanine mutants of the above speci®ed residues produce either reduced activity or inactive enzymes. This strongly indicates that nucleotide binding as well as sulfurylase activity involves residues of these motifs. Additionally, a fourth highly conserved motif can be ...
Prof. Kamakaka`s Lecture 6 Notes
... It is a constant for a given enzyme at a particular temp and pressure Km is unique to each Enzyme and Substrate. It describes properties of enzymesubstrate interactions. Dependent on temp, pH etc. Independent of enzyme conc. It is an ESTIMATE of equilibrium constant for substrate binding to enzyme S ...
... It is a constant for a given enzyme at a particular temp and pressure Km is unique to each Enzyme and Substrate. It describes properties of enzymesubstrate interactions. Dependent on temp, pH etc. Independent of enzyme conc. It is an ESTIMATE of equilibrium constant for substrate binding to enzyme S ...
Metabolism of lipids
... • fatty acyl-CoA is elongated by the addition with acetyl CoA • both NADH and NADPH serve as electron donors • essentially the reversal of the β-oxidation pathway • primarily to elongate FAs shorter than C16 ...
... • fatty acyl-CoA is elongated by the addition with acetyl CoA • both NADH and NADPH serve as electron donors • essentially the reversal of the β-oxidation pathway • primarily to elongate FAs shorter than C16 ...
November 6th
... One NADPH is made converting malate into pyruvate Pyruvate = 4 NADH, 1 ATP and 1 FADH2 So….propionyl-CoA = 2 FADH2 + 4 NADH + 1ATP + NADPH Cn(odd):0 yields (n-3/2 + 3n-3/2 + 4)3ATP + (n-3/2 + n-3/2 + 2)2ATP + (n-3/2 + 1) ATP - 2ATP + NADPH ...
... One NADPH is made converting malate into pyruvate Pyruvate = 4 NADH, 1 ATP and 1 FADH2 So….propionyl-CoA = 2 FADH2 + 4 NADH + 1ATP + NADPH Cn(odd):0 yields (n-3/2 + 3n-3/2 + 4)3ATP + (n-3/2 + n-3/2 + 2)2ATP + (n-3/2 + 1) ATP - 2ATP + NADPH ...
Glycolysis
... Binding of glucose to Hexokinase promotes a large conformational change by stabilizing an alternative conformation in which: the C6 hydroxyl of the bound glucose is close to the terminal phosphate of ATP, promoting catalysis. water is excluded from the active site. This prevents the enzyme from ...
... Binding of glucose to Hexokinase promotes a large conformational change by stabilizing an alternative conformation in which: the C6 hydroxyl of the bound glucose is close to the terminal phosphate of ATP, promoting catalysis. water is excluded from the active site. This prevents the enzyme from ...
Luciferase
Luciferase is a generic term for the class of oxidative enzymes used in bioluminescence and is distinct from a photoprotein. The name is derived from Lucifer, the root of which means 'light-bearer' (lucem ferre). One example is the firefly luciferase (EC 1.13.12.7) from the firefly Photinus pyralis. ""Firefly luciferase"" as a laboratory reagent often refers to P. pyralis luciferase although recombinant luciferases from several other species of fireflies are also commercially available.