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Cell Types
Cell Types

... between plant and animal. While these cells have many things in common, there are certain specific structures that can easily distinguish them from each other. With the aid of a microscope, it is possible to see these differences quite easily. The most easily obtained animal cell is the human cheek ...
MCAS Biology Cell review
MCAS Biology Cell review

... nucleus control cell protects DNA cytoplasm jelly-like material around organelles Golgi apparatus finish & ship proteins ...
cell wall - WordPress.com
cell wall - WordPress.com

... cells are the basic unit of structure and function. Similar cells are organized into tissues. Different tissues working together to perform a specific job form organs. Groups of organs working together form organ systems. Organ systems work together to form an organism which is anything that can liv ...
Practice Quiz
Practice Quiz

... endoplasmic reticulum mitochondrion golgi apparatus 3. Cell organelles are located within the ____ of the cell. nucleus cytoplasm cell membrane lysosomes 4. The endoplasmic reticulum functions to: transport materials destroy old cell parts make ribosomes package proteins 5. Genetic material is conta ...
Day 8: Organelles and what they do
Day 8: Organelles and what they do

... in the synthesis of proteins.  Some ribosomes are found in the cytoplasm, but most are attached to the ...
CHAPTER 4 CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
CHAPTER 4 CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

... channels in a cell wall that allow cytoplasmic strands to extend between adjacent cells. A. The Structure of Eukaryotic Cells 1. The nucleus communicates with ribosomes in the cytoplasm. 2. The organelles of the endomembrane system communicate with one another; each organelle contains its own set of ...
What type of cells did you observe?
What type of cells did you observe?

... and function of cell organelles? DN: What are organelles? Name at least two organelles and describe the function of each one. HW: Read pages 173-183, page 183 #1-6 ...
THE CELL - TeacherWeb
THE CELL - TeacherWeb

... Occupies most of the cytoplasm Provide a large surface area where chemical reactions take place Contains enzyme for lipid synthesis Rough ER vs. Smooth ER Functions as cell’s delivery system ...
Topic Report Cell Death: From Morphological to Molecular Definitions
Topic Report Cell Death: From Morphological to Molecular Definitions

... FACS : fluorescence-activated cell sorter IF : immunofluorescence MMP : mitochondrial membrane permeabilization ...
1.4 Energy Organelles, Plants and Animals
1.4 Energy Organelles, Plants and Animals

...  What is the function of the cell membrane?  If a cell’s nucleus is destroyed, the cell immediately dies. Using the function of the nucleus, explain why. Write in complete sentences! Don’t talk during the Catalyst! ...
Chapter 5 Lesson 1 and 2 PPt
Chapter 5 Lesson 1 and 2 PPt

... • Hydrophilic outside lets the membrane and organelles interact with water-based solutions. • Hydrophobic inside limits what can enter or exit the cell. • Cell membrane is also called the plasma membrane ...
7th Grade Science Cells Study Guide You will have a Cell Test on
7th Grade Science Cells Study Guide You will have a Cell Test on

... 4. Comparing cells (Prokaryotes to Eukaryotes) – structure, organelles and function. [Make a T chart or Venn diagram with a list of structure characteristics for a bacteria, plant cell and animal cell. [pages 64, 66, 68] 5. What are other types of extremophiles in Archaea? Where do archaea live? 6. ...
6th Grade Science
6th Grade Science

... 3. A very large organic molecule made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus, that holds instructions cells need (3) 4. An energy-rich organic compound, such as a fat, oil, or wax, that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (3) 6. The movement of dissolved materials across a cell me ...
Chapter 03
Chapter 03

... c. Cholesterol molecules stabilize the membrane d. Glycoproteins and glycolipids attached to outer surface of some protein and lipid molecules, mark cells as belonging to a ...
2-3 outline answers
2-3 outline answers

... a. Carrier proteins carry molecules through the cell membrane. b. Channel proteins allow ions to pass through the cell membrane. D. Active Transport 1. Active transport uses the cell’s energy to move substances through a cell membrane. 2. Active transport moves substances from areas of lower concent ...
The Incredible Edible Cell
The Incredible Edible Cell

... 1. All models must be made out of edible materials.  The food must be able to remain fresh for at least 3 days without refrigeration.  Avoid using materials that have an unpleasant odor or that may be considered offensive. 2. Each cell model must include all of the following organelles:  Cell wal ...
Cell Structure and Function
Cell Structure and Function

... all are enclosed by a cell membrane, are filled with an aqueous cytoplasm and carry their genetic information in chromosomes. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ in that eukaryotic cells have membrane bound organelles and a defined nucleus and prokaryotic cells lack these structures. ...
Blank flipbook
Blank flipbook

... Has own ________ _______________ = membrane sacs inside ...
Name that Organelle Review PPT
Name that Organelle Review PPT

... • “Protein factories” for cell • Join amino acids to make proteins • Process called protein synthesis (make) ...
File - need help with revision notes?
File - need help with revision notes?

... below are found in all Eukaryotic cells (plants and animals). Eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus surrounded by a nuclear envelope. The nucleus houses nearly all of the cell’s genetic material and has 4 components: the Nucleolous is the tightly wrapped DNA making ribosomes and RNA. It is the dense, ...
Cell project guidelines
Cell project guidelines

... Cell Project This cell project is an at home project that is to be completed individually. The purpose of the cell project is to assess your knowledge on cells and the function of their organelles. Use the menu below to pick one appetizer (plant or animal cell), one entrée (how you will present your ...
File
File

... 2. How do you think plant cells differ from animal cells? (Hint: What can plants do that animals cannot?) Gizmo Warm-up The Cell Structure Gizmo™ allows you to look at typical animal and plant cells under a microscope. On the ANIMAL CELL tab, click Sample to take a sample of an animal cell. Use the ...
LAB-Plastids - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
LAB-Plastids - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca

... Add 1 drop of water then place the cover slip over the top. 2. Using the high power objective, make a detailed drawing of the cells in the field of view. 3. Add 1 drop of iodine to the edge of the cover slip and draw the dye through by placing a piece of tissue on the other side of the cover slip. I ...
Notes
Notes

... 1) Rough ER – studded with ribosomes; responsible for protein production 2) Smooth ER – no ribosomes; responsible for lipid synthesis D) Golgi apparatus – Series of membranous sacs (cisternae); responsible for the processing & packaging of metabolic products E) Vesicle – membrane-bound sac containin ...
Cells and Organelles Review
Cells and Organelles Review

... J. ...
< 1 ... 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 ... 393 >

Cytoplasmic streaming



Cytoplasmic streaming, also called protoplasmic streaming and cyclosis, is the directed flow of cytosol (the liquid component of the cytoplasm) and organelles around large fungal and plant cells through the mediation of actin. This movement aids in the delivery of organelles, nutrients, metabolites, genetic information, and other materials to all parts of the cell. Cytoplasmic streaming occurs along actin filaments in the cytoskeleton of the cell.Cytoplasmic streaming was first discovered in the 1830s. The scientific breakthrough assisted scientists in developing an understanding of the different roles of cells and how they function as the basic operating systems of life.This process occurs through the operation of motor proteins called myosins.These proteins use energy of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to act as a molecular motor, which slides along actin filaments. This works in a manner that tows the organelles and other cytoplasmic contents in the same direction. Myosin proteins consist of two conjoined proteins. If one protein remains attached to the substrate, the substance acted upon by the protein, such as a microfilament, has the ability to move organelles through the cytoplasm.The green alga genus Chara and other genera in the Division Charophyta, such as Coleochaete, are thought to be the closest relatives of land plants. These haploid organisms contain some of the largest plant cells on earth, a single cell of which can reach up to 10 cm in length. The large size of these cells demands an efficient means to distribute resources, which is enabled via cytoplasmic streaming.Cytoplasmic streaming is strongly dependent upon intracellular pH and temperature. It has been observed that the effect of temperature on cytoplasmic streaming created linear variance and dependence at different high temperatures in comparison to low temperatures. This process is complicated, with temperature alterations in the system increasing its efficiency, with other factors such as the transport of ions across the membrane being simultaneously affected. This is due to cells homeostasis depending upon active transport which may be affected at some critical temperatures.In plant cells, chloroplasts may be moved around with the stream, possibly to a position of optimum light absorption for photosynthesis. The rate of motion is usually affected by light exposure, temperature, and pH levels.In reference to pH, because actin and myosin are both proteins, strong dependence on pH is expected. The optimal pH at which cytoplasmic streaming is highest, is achieved at neutral pH and decreases at both low and high pH.The flow of cytoplasm may be stopped by:Adding Lugol's iodine solutionAdding Cytochalasin D (dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide)↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑
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