Impacts of Hypoxia on a Key Infaunal Species and its Predators in
... Habitat Destruction and Loss • The single largest threat in terrestrial systems ...
... Habitat Destruction and Loss • The single largest threat in terrestrial systems ...
... energy by transforming inorganic compounds into organic matter. Consumers feed on the organic matter created by primary producers, and so do decomposers, who also break the organic matter back into its inorganic components. A majority of the world’s sea floor is situated below the photic zone, where ...
Historical contingency in species interactions: towards nichebased
... effects. To place our results in a broad context, data were analysed to determine the amount of variation that our hypotheses could explain over and above one conventional hypothesis that focuses on characteristics of the environment rather than those of the species. According to this hypothesis, pr ...
... effects. To place our results in a broad context, data were analysed to determine the amount of variation that our hypotheses could explain over and above one conventional hypothesis that focuses on characteristics of the environment rather than those of the species. According to this hypothesis, pr ...
Roads: More than lines on a map - Canadian Parks and Wilderness
... barriers as wide as a road. When this happens, ...
... barriers as wide as a road. When this happens, ...
Ecological Assessment of Selenium in the Aquatic Environment
... •• The most sensitive toxicity endpoints in fish larvae are teratogenic deformities such as skeletal, craniofacial, and fin deformities, and various forms of edema. •• Embryo mortality and severe development abnormalities can result in impaired recruitment of individuals into populations. Risk Asses ...
... •• The most sensitive toxicity endpoints in fish larvae are teratogenic deformities such as skeletal, craniofacial, and fin deformities, and various forms of edema. •• Embryo mortality and severe development abnormalities can result in impaired recruitment of individuals into populations. Risk Asses ...
Principles of Terrestrial Ecosystem Ecology
... disturbances such as fire or tree fall, there are gradual changes in plant, animal, and microbial communities over years to centuries. Rates of carbon input to an ecosystem through photosynthesis change over time scales of seconds to decades due to variations in light, temperature, and leaf area. Ma ...
... disturbances such as fire or tree fall, there are gradual changes in plant, animal, and microbial communities over years to centuries. Rates of carbon input to an ecosystem through photosynthesis change over time scales of seconds to decades due to variations in light, temperature, and leaf area. Ma ...
Response of a semidesert grassland to 16 years of rest from grazing
... Vegetation descriptions on a broad, gently sloping 400-ha area in the northwest comer of the sanctuary known as Bald Hill were made in 1969. Permanent stands established at this time, chiefly from the level uplands habitat type, had elevations ranging from 1,460 to 1,530 m. The sampling design consi ...
... Vegetation descriptions on a broad, gently sloping 400-ha area in the northwest comer of the sanctuary known as Bald Hill were made in 1969. Permanent stands established at this time, chiefly from the level uplands habitat type, had elevations ranging from 1,460 to 1,530 m. The sampling design consi ...
ecosystem - UNL Entomology
... Organisms, and populations of organisms, are dependent on their environmental interactions both with other living things and nonliving factors. (MS-LS2-1) In any ecosystem, organisms and populations with similar requirements for food, water, oxygen, and other resources may compete with each other fo ...
... Organisms, and populations of organisms, are dependent on their environmental interactions both with other living things and nonliving factors. (MS-LS2-1) In any ecosystem, organisms and populations with similar requirements for food, water, oxygen, and other resources may compete with each other fo ...
Counting the books while the library burns: why conservation
... “learning” and generally involves using monitoring data to update or compare competing models of cause and effect. For monitoring information to be useful in resolving uncertainty about the relative effectiveness of conservation actions, it is critical that the correct “state variable” (eg juvenile ...
... “learning” and generally involves using monitoring data to update or compare competing models of cause and effect. For monitoring information to be useful in resolving uncertainty about the relative effectiveness of conservation actions, it is critical that the correct “state variable” (eg juvenile ...
Lowland Woodland Fauna - Environment, Planning and Sustainable
... evident, however, that some species have been highly vulnerable to predation by introduced predators. Mammals in the weight range between 35 g and 5.5 kg have shown disproportionate decline since European settlement, and this occurred prior to extensive agricultural clearing. Thirteen of the 27 spec ...
... evident, however, that some species have been highly vulnerable to predation by introduced predators. Mammals in the weight range between 35 g and 5.5 kg have shown disproportionate decline since European settlement, and this occurred prior to extensive agricultural clearing. Thirteen of the 27 spec ...
Species, trophic, and functional diversity in marine
... “reserve effect,” the totality of the consequences of protecting marine systems. The reserve effect includes but is beyond the goal of protecting particular species or areas with economical or cultural value. However, most data on the effects of MPAs focus on target species and there is limited evid ...
... “reserve effect,” the totality of the consequences of protecting marine systems. The reserve effect includes but is beyond the goal of protecting particular species or areas with economical or cultural value. However, most data on the effects of MPAs focus on target species and there is limited evid ...
Precipitation manipulation experiments challenges and
... Albert et al. 2011) although succession trajectories may become more stochastic at the community level (Kreyling et al. 2011). Consequently, ecosystem responses to precipitation changes are not only controlled by instantaneous effects of changes in precipitation (i.e. resistance) but also by longtim ...
... Albert et al. 2011) although succession trajectories may become more stochastic at the community level (Kreyling et al. 2011). Consequently, ecosystem responses to precipitation changes are not only controlled by instantaneous effects of changes in precipitation (i.e. resistance) but also by longtim ...
Ecology, Second Edition
... CONCEPT 11.2 Competition, whether direct or indirect, can limit the distributions and abundances of competing species. 246 General Features of Competition 246 ...
... CONCEPT 11.2 Competition, whether direct or indirect, can limit the distributions and abundances of competing species. 246 General Features of Competition 246 ...
species replacement during early secondary succession
... Eurasia, but was introduced into northern California in the 1920s (Robbins et al. 1951 cited in West and Chilcote 1968) and is now common throughout the Coast and Cascade Ranges of western Oregon (West and Chilcote 1968, Morris 1970, Hitchcock and Cronquist 1973). It is most prominent on burned clea ...
... Eurasia, but was introduced into northern California in the 1920s (Robbins et al. 1951 cited in West and Chilcote 1968) and is now common throughout the Coast and Cascade Ranges of western Oregon (West and Chilcote 1968, Morris 1970, Hitchcock and Cronquist 1973). It is most prominent on burned clea ...
Gillman and Wright 2006 - Reed F. Noss Lab at the University of
... studies excluded from our analysis amount to less than adequate science, because in many cases the reasons for not including the study were properly addressed by the authors. Details of the studies we surveyed are tabulated in Appendices A, B, and C. ...
... studies excluded from our analysis amount to less than adequate science, because in many cases the reasons for not including the study were properly addressed by the authors. Details of the studies we surveyed are tabulated in Appendices A, B, and C. ...
An intercontinental comparison of the dynamic
... northern hemisphere Gondwanan genus found in North America, Europe, and Asia. Oaks have dominated the eastern North American landscape throughout much of the past 10,000 years (Watts 1979), despite fluctuating abundance due to varying climatic conditions, frequent fires caused by indigenous peoples ...
... northern hemisphere Gondwanan genus found in North America, Europe, and Asia. Oaks have dominated the eastern North American landscape throughout much of the past 10,000 years (Watts 1979), despite fluctuating abundance due to varying climatic conditions, frequent fires caused by indigenous peoples ...
Progress in wetland restoration ecology
... coasts, vegetation rapidly achieves 100% cover, although soil nitrogen (N) and organic matter (OM) are slow to accumulate10. Salt marshes constructed in North Carolina 25 years ago have lower soil organic carbon (C) and total N reservoirs than a 2000-year-old natural marsh6. Their C accumulation rat ...
... coasts, vegetation rapidly achieves 100% cover, although soil nitrogen (N) and organic matter (OM) are slow to accumulate10. Salt marshes constructed in North Carolina 25 years ago have lower soil organic carbon (C) and total N reservoirs than a 2000-year-old natural marsh6. Their C accumulation rat ...
Seedling emergence and survival in Cinnamomum tamala under
... purple in color and contain single seed. The seeds are primarily dispersed by frugivorous birds, which feed on them for the nutritious pulp and egest the seeds intact. In addition, strong winds, hail storms and sometimes arboreal mammals such as primates may help in mechanical dispersal of fruits. S ...
... purple in color and contain single seed. The seeds are primarily dispersed by frugivorous birds, which feed on them for the nutritious pulp and egest the seeds intact. In addition, strong winds, hail storms and sometimes arboreal mammals such as primates may help in mechanical dispersal of fruits. S ...
Photo
... Loess vegetation in the study area consists of very few fragments of differently degraded seminatural stands of forest-steppe and steppe grasslands, which are also the most southern (southwestern) occurrence of these vegetation types. It is known that species occurring on the very border of their di ...
... Loess vegetation in the study area consists of very few fragments of differently degraded seminatural stands of forest-steppe and steppe grasslands, which are also the most southern (southwestern) occurrence of these vegetation types. It is known that species occurring on the very border of their di ...
Island biology and the consequences of interspecific
... Dan’s work on the Theory of Island Biogeography (and his own re-evaluation of his work) and his promotion of null models in ecology and biogeography were clarion calls for rigour, for refusing to accept blindly the prevailing dogma of the day, for a reliance on data rather than ideology. And these a ...
... Dan’s work on the Theory of Island Biogeography (and his own re-evaluation of his work) and his promotion of null models in ecology and biogeography were clarion calls for rigour, for refusing to accept blindly the prevailing dogma of the day, for a reliance on data rather than ideology. And these a ...
State of the Birds 2013
... Supporting diverse birdlife may seem trivial to some, but working to maintain the birds that we love will also maintain a landscape of myriad natural habitats. Not everyone will notice a Brown Thrasher or a Chestnut-sided Warbler, but a town that can harbor those species—with small farms, hedges, st ...
... Supporting diverse birdlife may seem trivial to some, but working to maintain the birds that we love will also maintain a landscape of myriad natural habitats. Not everyone will notice a Brown Thrasher or a Chestnut-sided Warbler, but a town that can harbor those species—with small farms, hedges, st ...
Impact of farm size and topography on plant and
... the detrimental effect of intensive grassland management such as high cutting frequency or intensive grazing on plant and invertebrate diversity (Kruess and Tscharntke, 2002; Schwab et al., 2002; Myklestad and Sætersdal, 2004; Maurer et al., 2006; Marini et al., 2008). Against the background of dras ...
... the detrimental effect of intensive grassland management such as high cutting frequency or intensive grazing on plant and invertebrate diversity (Kruess and Tscharntke, 2002; Schwab et al., 2002; Myklestad and Sætersdal, 2004; Maurer et al., 2006; Marini et al., 2008). Against the background of dras ...
Life 9e - Garvness
... b. One factor that limits our ability to predict the number of species that will go extinct in the next 50 years is our lack of knowledge about the geographic ranges of species. c. If humans did not exist, no species would go extinct in the next 100 years. d. The process of determining whether a spe ...
... b. One factor that limits our ability to predict the number of species that will go extinct in the next 50 years is our lack of knowledge about the geographic ranges of species. c. If humans did not exist, no species would go extinct in the next 100 years. d. The process of determining whether a spe ...
Action
... * Identify and obtain relevant existing databases, eg. soils, vegetation, asset management studies * Identify data gaps in existing databases. * Complete required studies, and build on existing databases. Information to include, size, location, species inventory, condition and type of habitat. * Ide ...
... * Identify and obtain relevant existing databases, eg. soils, vegetation, asset management studies * Identify data gaps in existing databases. * Complete required studies, and build on existing databases. Information to include, size, location, species inventory, condition and type of habitat. * Ide ...
Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project
The Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, originally called the Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project is a large-scale ecological experiment looking at the effects of habitat fragmentation on tropical rainforest; it is one of the most expensive biology experiments ever run. The experiment, which was established in 1979 is located near Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon. The project is jointly managed by the Smithsonian Institution and INPA, the Brazilian Institute for Research in the Amazon.The project was initiated in 1979 by Thomas Lovejoy to investigate the SLOSS debate. Initially named the Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project, the project created forest fragments of sizes 1 hectare (2 acres), 10 hectares (25 acres), and 100 hectares (247 acres). Data were collected prior to the creation of the fragments and studies of the effects of fragmentation now exceed 25 years.As of October 2010 562 publications and 143 graduate dissertations and theses had emerged from the project.