Cardiotonics and Miscellaneous Inotropic Drugs
... The most profound effect of a cardiotonic drug occurs in patients with HF. In HF, the heart, weakened by disease or age, cannot pump a sufficient amount of blood to meet the demands of the body. The weakened heart results in a decrease in the amount of oxygenated blood leaving the left ventricle dur ...
... The most profound effect of a cardiotonic drug occurs in patients with HF. In HF, the heart, weakened by disease or age, cannot pump a sufficient amount of blood to meet the demands of the body. The weakened heart results in a decrease in the amount of oxygenated blood leaving the left ventricle dur ...
What Causes Heart Attacks - Foundation for Alternative and
... the coronary arteries. Diabetes and cigarette use cause disease in the capillaries, not the large vessels, and stress has no direct effect on coronary arteries that we know of. In addition, during the past five decades or so, the four main medicines of modern cardiology – B-blockers, nitrates, asp ...
... the coronary arteries. Diabetes and cigarette use cause disease in the capillaries, not the large vessels, and stress has no direct effect on coronary arteries that we know of. In addition, during the past five decades or so, the four main medicines of modern cardiology – B-blockers, nitrates, asp ...
Wilms` tumor with polydipsia, polyuria, hyponatremic hypertension
... tricular enlargement, a decrease of the fractional shortening to 15% (normal >25%) and moderate to severe mitral, aortic and pulmonary valve regurgitation. Radiographs of the chest, abdomen and skull were unremarkable. Abdominal ultrasonography demonstrated a mass in the kidney of about 5 cm diamete ...
... tricular enlargement, a decrease of the fractional shortening to 15% (normal >25%) and moderate to severe mitral, aortic and pulmonary valve regurgitation. Radiographs of the chest, abdomen and skull were unremarkable. Abdominal ultrasonography demonstrated a mass in the kidney of about 5 cm diamete ...
Dressler`s Syndrome - International Cardiovascular Forum Journal
... pathogenesis has been suggested, secondary to the release of cardiac antigens during cardiovascular events. This could stimulate antibodies formation, with further formation of immune complexes in pericardium, pleura and lungs, followed by an inflammatory response [4]. A recent French study evaluate ...
... pathogenesis has been suggested, secondary to the release of cardiac antigens during cardiovascular events. This could stimulate antibodies formation, with further formation of immune complexes in pericardium, pleura and lungs, followed by an inflammatory response [4]. A recent French study evaluate ...
Cardiology Review Aortic Stenosis
... syncope (faintness) 23. Congenital bicuspid aortic valve is inherited in an xlinked fashion. Also it has more tendencies for ...
... syncope (faintness) 23. Congenital bicuspid aortic valve is inherited in an xlinked fashion. Also it has more tendencies for ...
A Rare Congenital Heart Disease – Cor Triatriatum
... triatriatum until 7 years of age, because her pulmonary venous obstruction was not severe. The three main embryological theories explaining the development of cor triatriatum are malseptation, malcorporation, and entrapment.8 It may result from incomplete incorporation of the common pulmonary vein ...
... triatriatum until 7 years of age, because her pulmonary venous obstruction was not severe. The three main embryological theories explaining the development of cor triatriatum are malseptation, malcorporation, and entrapment.8 It may result from incomplete incorporation of the common pulmonary vein ...
Oral presentation
... Diagram of ventricular action potential showing the development of a secondary depolarisation during the terminal part of phase 3 (early afterdepolarisation, EAD) (A) and following repolarisation (delayed afterdepolarisation, DAD) (B). In each case when the amplitude of the EAD or DAD reaches thresh ...
... Diagram of ventricular action potential showing the development of a secondary depolarisation during the terminal part of phase 3 (early afterdepolarisation, EAD) (A) and following repolarisation (delayed afterdepolarisation, DAD) (B). In each case when the amplitude of the EAD or DAD reaches thresh ...
CT Scans May Affect Implantable Electronic Devices
... significant enough to interfere with the normal operation of implanted devices. A malfunction of the IED during a CT scan leading to a shock to the patient (e.g., from an implantable neurostimulator) could result in the patient experiencing pain or cause the patient to move, thereby compromising the ...
... significant enough to interfere with the normal operation of implanted devices. A malfunction of the IED during a CT scan leading to a shock to the patient (e.g., from an implantable neurostimulator) could result in the patient experiencing pain or cause the patient to move, thereby compromising the ...
Left Ventricular Assist Device Management in the ICU
... lives of patients with end-stage heart failure, and their use is increasing. Continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices have replaced first-generation pulsatile devices. These patients present unique management concerns. In the immediate postimplant period, care must be taken to support the una ...
... lives of patients with end-stage heart failure, and their use is increasing. Continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices have replaced first-generation pulsatile devices. These patients present unique management concerns. In the immediate postimplant period, care must be taken to support the una ...
Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomographic Angiography (CTA) for
... angiography (ICA) in patients with a low clinical likelihood of significant CAD. Also of note is the interest in the potential important role of non-obstructive plaques (i.e., those associated with <50% stenosis) because their presence is associated with increased cardiac event rates. Cardiac CTA ca ...
... angiography (ICA) in patients with a low clinical likelihood of significant CAD. Also of note is the interest in the potential important role of non-obstructive plaques (i.e., those associated with <50% stenosis) because their presence is associated with increased cardiac event rates. Cardiac CTA ca ...
PDF - Circulation
... for the procedure to ensure that they can tolerate single-lung ventilation and that their forced expiratory volume within 1 second is ⬎60% of the normal value. In the present study, we present the 1-year follow-up results of the first 274 MIDCAB cases. One-year clinical events were low, and there wa ...
... for the procedure to ensure that they can tolerate single-lung ventilation and that their forced expiratory volume within 1 second is ⬎60% of the normal value. In the present study, we present the 1-year follow-up results of the first 274 MIDCAB cases. One-year clinical events were low, and there wa ...
Download Pdf Article
... injury and subsequent ARF but the obtained results showed insignificant benefits in preventing eGFR reduction, need for hemodialysis or postoperative complications of ICU admission. These results are consistent with the ones obtained by other studies no matter the dose, timing and way of administrat ...
... injury and subsequent ARF but the obtained results showed insignificant benefits in preventing eGFR reduction, need for hemodialysis or postoperative complications of ICU admission. These results are consistent with the ones obtained by other studies no matter the dose, timing and way of administrat ...
Respiratory Muscles Performance Is Related to Oxygen Kinetics
... limit the exercise capacity of even normal subjects.1– 4 Dyspnea and fatigue are the main causes of exercise limitation, which negatively affects the quality of life of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).5–7 Respiratory muscle dysfunction may play a role, although this has not been investigat ...
... limit the exercise capacity of even normal subjects.1– 4 Dyspnea and fatigue are the main causes of exercise limitation, which negatively affects the quality of life of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).5–7 Respiratory muscle dysfunction may play a role, although this has not been investigat ...
Endo-Myocardial Biopsy
... then, she has been under a physician's care and had been observed to have a heart rate of 20 to 40 per minute and to experience repeated episodes of unconsciousness. Two years prior to present admission, cardiac hypertrophy was observed. When admitted to the hospital, a cardiac murmur was not presen ...
... then, she has been under a physician's care and had been observed to have a heart rate of 20 to 40 per minute and to experience repeated episodes of unconsciousness. Two years prior to present admission, cardiac hypertrophy was observed. When admitted to the hospital, a cardiac murmur was not presen ...
Document
... 14 patients had a high LV lead pacing threshold (.5 V) and 2 patients had dissection of the coronary sinus without further clinical complications. These 16 patients received conventional dual-chamber pacing and were not included for randomization 2 patients in the BiV pacing group experienced diaphr ...
... 14 patients had a high LV lead pacing threshold (.5 V) and 2 patients had dissection of the coronary sinus without further clinical complications. These 16 patients received conventional dual-chamber pacing and were not included for randomization 2 patients in the BiV pacing group experienced diaphr ...
L7 & 9 - CARDIAC OUTPUT CVS 2014
... CO = VO2/(O2art – O2ven) To calculate CO, the oxygen contents of arterial and venous blood samples are measured, and at the same time, whole body oxygen consumption is measured by analyzing expired air. The blood contents of oxygen are expressed as ml O2/ml blood, and the VO2 is expressed in units o ...
... CO = VO2/(O2art – O2ven) To calculate CO, the oxygen contents of arterial and venous blood samples are measured, and at the same time, whole body oxygen consumption is measured by analyzing expired air. The blood contents of oxygen are expressed as ml O2/ml blood, and the VO2 is expressed in units o ...
Heart Rate Variability and Atrial Fibrillation
... analysis, that is the power obtained by considering the whole frequency spectrum, is another important measure of heart rate variability[2]. Significance of Heart Rate Variability Not surprisingly, heart rate variability analysis was first used as a measure of heart health. In 1996 researchers invol ...
... analysis, that is the power obtained by considering the whole frequency spectrum, is another important measure of heart rate variability[2]. Significance of Heart Rate Variability Not surprisingly, heart rate variability analysis was first used as a measure of heart health. In 1996 researchers invol ...
Bisoprolol dose–response relationship in patients with congestive
... and atrial fibrillation. However, compared with patients treated with moderate and high doses of bisoprolol (25 and 43% of patients), those receiving low doses (33%) were significantly older with more severe NYHA functional class and had a lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure (Table 1 (a)). T ...
... and atrial fibrillation. However, compared with patients treated with moderate and high doses of bisoprolol (25 and 43% of patients), those receiving low doses (33%) were significantly older with more severe NYHA functional class and had a lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure (Table 1 (a)). T ...
Comparison of stroke volume measurements by cardiac magnetic
... catheterization. CMR was performed at 1.5T system (AVANTO, Siemens) using velocityencoded MR sequences (PC CMR) and SSFP-cine. PC CMR was acquired during continuous breathing with velocity encoding perpendicular to the imaging plane and a velocity sensitivity of 120 cm/sec ( Fig. 2 on page 4, Fig. 3 ...
... catheterization. CMR was performed at 1.5T system (AVANTO, Siemens) using velocityencoded MR sequences (PC CMR) and SSFP-cine. PC CMR was acquired during continuous breathing with velocity encoding perpendicular to the imaging plane and a velocity sensitivity of 120 cm/sec ( Fig. 2 on page 4, Fig. 3 ...
Origin and Clinical Aspects of AV Heart Blocks
... • Usually transient and reversible, mostly resolving when the underlying condition is corrected • May progress to more serious blocks (particularly if it occurs early in myocardial infarction) ...
... • Usually transient and reversible, mostly resolving when the underlying condition is corrected • May progress to more serious blocks (particularly if it occurs early in myocardial infarction) ...
The Long-Term Prognostic Value of Negative Contrast Stress
... endocardial enhancement. Contrast was used when 2 or more segments could not be adequately visualized. Study enrollment began in 2012. Sample size was determined using a one group Chi-Squared test. Approximating that the echo contrast would improve the technically inadequate stress echo to only 5% c ...
... endocardial enhancement. Contrast was used when 2 or more segments could not be adequately visualized. Study enrollment began in 2012. Sample size was determined using a one group Chi-Squared test. Approximating that the echo contrast would improve the technically inadequate stress echo to only 5% c ...
Emergency diagnosis and management of acute heart failure
... Systolic function is defined as the contraction action potential of the left ventricle. Contractility is measured by the left ventricular ejection fraction, which is determined primarily by means of echocardiography. Ejection fraction is the ratio of the stroke volume (SV) and the end-diastolic volu ...
... Systolic function is defined as the contraction action potential of the left ventricle. Contractility is measured by the left ventricular ejection fraction, which is determined primarily by means of echocardiography. Ejection fraction is the ratio of the stroke volume (SV) and the end-diastolic volu ...
How does the heart work? What is cardiomyopathy? What causes
... listening with a stethoscope your vet might hear changes in the heart sounds (a 'heart murmur') or an abnormal heart rhythm. Your vet may be able to see other changes in your cat's appearance that suggest that heart disease is present. X-rays will usually be needed to see if the heart is enlarged or ...
... listening with a stethoscope your vet might hear changes in the heart sounds (a 'heart murmur') or an abnormal heart rhythm. Your vet may be able to see other changes in your cat's appearance that suggest that heart disease is present. X-rays will usually be needed to see if the heart is enlarged or ...
View Article
... After the heart rate is calculated, the nurse would begin using the algorithm at step 1 by asking, “Are QRS complexes present?” If the answer is “no,” the rhythm is ventricular fibrillation or asystole (Figure 5). Ventricular fibrillation occurs when areas of normal myocardium in the ventricle alterna ...
... After the heart rate is calculated, the nurse would begin using the algorithm at step 1 by asking, “Are QRS complexes present?” If the answer is “no,” the rhythm is ventricular fibrillation or asystole (Figure 5). Ventricular fibrillation occurs when areas of normal myocardium in the ventricle alterna ...
Marked first-degree atrioventricular block. A new indication for
... failure (CHF) of various etiologies have generally yielded disappointing results. In some patients conventional DDD pacing causes further deterioration of LV function related to pacing-induced abnormal ventricular depolarization. In patients with 1st degree AV block, conventional DDD pacing abolishe ...
... failure (CHF) of various etiologies have generally yielded disappointing results. In some patients conventional DDD pacing causes further deterioration of LV function related to pacing-induced abnormal ventricular depolarization. In patients with 1st degree AV block, conventional DDD pacing abolishe ...
Cardiac contractility modulation
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Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV). The short- and long-term use of this therapy enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart’s pumping capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES). CCM treatment is delivered by a pacemaker-like device that applies the NES, adjusted to and synchronized with the electrical action in the cardiac cycle.In CCM therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac cycle, electrical signals cannot trigger new cardiac muscle contractions, hence this type of stimulation is known as a non-excitatory stimulation. However, the electrical CCM signals increase the influx of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). In contrast to other electrical stimulation treatments for heart failure, such as pacemaker therapy or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), CCM does not affect the cardiac rhythm directly. Rather, the aim is to enhance the heart’s natural contraction (the native cardiac contractility) sustainably over long periods of time. Furthermore, unlike most interventions that increase cardiac contractility, CCM is not associated with an unfavorable increase in oxygen demand by the heart (measured in terms of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption or MVO2). This may be explained by the beneficial effect CCM has in improving cardiac efficiency. A meta-analysis in 2014 and an overview of device-based treatment options in heart failure in 2013 concluded that CCM treatment is safe, that it is generally beneficial to patients and that CCM treatment increases the exercise tolerance (ET) and quality of life (QoL) of patients. Furthermore, preliminary long-term survival data shows that CCM is associated with lower long-term mortality in heart failure patients when compared with expected rates among similar patients not treated with CCM.