Integration of 3D Imaging Data in the Assessment of Aortic Stenosis
... Estimation of aortic valve area (AVA) with transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE)-continuity equation (CE) assumes a circular left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT). We evaluated incremental utility of 3D multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) over TTE assessment of AS severity. Methods and Results— ...
... Estimation of aortic valve area (AVA) with transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE)-continuity equation (CE) assumes a circular left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT). We evaluated incremental utility of 3D multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) over TTE assessment of AS severity. Methods and Results— ...
Mitral valve prolapse: diagnosis, treatment and natural
... AL – anterior leaflet of mitral valve; PL – posterior leaflet; PA – pulmonary artery; Ao – aorta. dies show that more than one half of the patients with MPV are asymptomatic and usually have benign course of the disease. Their overall morbidity and mortality is similar to general population (3). How ...
... AL – anterior leaflet of mitral valve; PL – posterior leaflet; PA – pulmonary artery; Ao – aorta. dies show that more than one half of the patients with MPV are asymptomatic and usually have benign course of the disease. Their overall morbidity and mortality is similar to general population (3). How ...
EKG Criteria
... depolarization does not occur, there is no ventricular contraction. This may occur as a primary event in cardiac arrest, or it may follow VF or pulseless electrical activity (PEA). Ventricular asystole can occur also in patients with complete heart block in whom there is no excape pacemaker. VF may ...
... depolarization does not occur, there is no ventricular contraction. This may occur as a primary event in cardiac arrest, or it may follow VF or pulseless electrical activity (PEA). Ventricular asystole can occur also in patients with complete heart block in whom there is no excape pacemaker. VF may ...
C
... Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) refers to chronic disease of the heart muscle leading to cavity enlargement and reduced systolic function of the left or both ventricles. The diagnosis follows on from the exclusion of specific causes including hypertension, coronary artery disease, rapid supraventricula ...
... Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) refers to chronic disease of the heart muscle leading to cavity enlargement and reduced systolic function of the left or both ventricles. The diagnosis follows on from the exclusion of specific causes including hypertension, coronary artery disease, rapid supraventricula ...
Position of the Heart and the
... deflection." The portions of the complex before and after the instantaneous intrinsicoid deflection are a much larger portion of the complex and represent the electrical activity of all the other regions of the heart as they undergo activation. To this extent a unipolar lead is not a direct lead reg ...
... deflection." The portions of the complex before and after the instantaneous intrinsicoid deflection are a much larger portion of the complex and represent the electrical activity of all the other regions of the heart as they undergo activation. To this extent a unipolar lead is not a direct lead reg ...
Evaluation of left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis
... receiving medical treatment other than antihypertensive drugs, and patients without any visual regional wall motion abnormality were not included. Exclusion criteria were a history of cardiovascular surgery, LV hypertrophy (LV mass/body surface area >80 g/m2), pacemaker rhythm, severe valvular disea ...
... receiving medical treatment other than antihypertensive drugs, and patients without any visual regional wall motion abnormality were not included. Exclusion criteria were a history of cardiovascular surgery, LV hypertrophy (LV mass/body surface area >80 g/m2), pacemaker rhythm, severe valvular disea ...
pub1211_25.08 - tarde.indd
... were elucidated by gross anatomic dissection. The tissue blocks of the sinoatrial node (SAN) and atrioventricular conduction tissue of the five hearts were prepared for histological investigation by staining with Masson’s trichrome. It was found histologically that the cardiac conduction tissues wer ...
... were elucidated by gross anatomic dissection. The tissue blocks of the sinoatrial node (SAN) and atrioventricular conduction tissue of the five hearts were prepared for histological investigation by staining with Masson’s trichrome. It was found histologically that the cardiac conduction tissues wer ...
Artificial Pacemakers - McMaster University > ECE
... complications are rare. These include but are not limited to: z 5% chance of bleeding or severe bruising at the insertion site. z 1% chance of lung puncture while obtaining access into the veins. z 1% chance of puncture of heart muscle. This may require specific treatment z 1% chance of infection z ...
... complications are rare. These include but are not limited to: z 5% chance of bleeding or severe bruising at the insertion site. z 1% chance of lung puncture while obtaining access into the veins. z 1% chance of puncture of heart muscle. This may require specific treatment z 1% chance of infection z ...
Pitfalls of Atrial Advancement Using a Ventricular Extra
... RV apex did not discriminate the AP conduction. The most plausible explanation for this finding is the presence of a left septal fascicle and the presence of a mid-ventricular exit of the RBB terminalis. This case demonstrated the importance of the ventricular pacing site corresponding to the AP loc ...
... RV apex did not discriminate the AP conduction. The most plausible explanation for this finding is the presence of a left septal fascicle and the presence of a mid-ventricular exit of the RBB terminalis. This case demonstrated the importance of the ventricular pacing site corresponding to the AP loc ...
Thermal Therapy Improves Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in
... patients with congestive heart failure using pulsed and tissue Doppler echocardiography. Results. Left ventricular and left atrial dimensions and left ventricular percentage fractional shortening did not change after sauna. Early diastolic mitral inflow velocity （E）increased and the deceleration tim ...
... patients with congestive heart failure using pulsed and tissue Doppler echocardiography. Results. Left ventricular and left atrial dimensions and left ventricular percentage fractional shortening did not change after sauna. Early diastolic mitral inflow velocity （E）increased and the deceleration tim ...
Left ventricular diastolic collapse in regional left heart
... Normal saline solution was infused into the left pericardial compartment at 5-ml intervals . Repeat hemodynamic and echocardiographic measurements were obtained at each period . The onset of left ventricular diastolic collapse, defined as a discrete, transient, inward motion of the left ventricular ...
... Normal saline solution was infused into the left pericardial compartment at 5-ml intervals . Repeat hemodynamic and echocardiographic measurements were obtained at each period . The onset of left ventricular diastolic collapse, defined as a discrete, transient, inward motion of the left ventricular ...
Ejection fraction determination without planimetry by two
... abnormalities, a very simple method A suffices. If wall motion abnormalities are present, the regional ejection fraction method B provides excellent results. ...
... abnormalities, a very simple method A suffices. If wall motion abnormalities are present, the regional ejection fraction method B provides excellent results. ...
PDF - Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology
... railroad track pattern on an implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) interval plot is not an uncommon observation in patients presenting to ICD clinics. It refers to the alternation of ventricular intervals that produces the appearance of a railroad tracks.1,2 In general, this is the result of vario ...
... railroad track pattern on an implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) interval plot is not an uncommon observation in patients presenting to ICD clinics. It refers to the alternation of ventricular intervals that produces the appearance of a railroad tracks.1,2 In general, this is the result of vario ...
Congenital Heart Defects – A Review
... during pregnancy in mothers of infants with congenital heart defects than in matchedcontrol women suggested causative relationship between Coxsackie B infection and congenital heart defects, but this evidence is neither conclusive nor confirmed. Among drugs, maternal ingestion of thalidomide during ...
... during pregnancy in mothers of infants with congenital heart defects than in matchedcontrol women suggested causative relationship between Coxsackie B infection and congenital heart defects, but this evidence is neither conclusive nor confirmed. Among drugs, maternal ingestion of thalidomide during ...
prevalence of asymptomatic left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in
... Objective: To determine the frequency of asymptomatic left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in normotesive type 2 diabetic patients. Material and Methods: This descriptive case series study was conducted on 80 normotesive Type 2 diabetic patients at Cardiology Department, PGMI Lady Reading Hospital ...
... Objective: To determine the frequency of asymptomatic left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in normotesive type 2 diabetic patients. Material and Methods: This descriptive case series study was conducted on 80 normotesive Type 2 diabetic patients at Cardiology Department, PGMI Lady Reading Hospital ...
Minimally invasive cardiac output monitors
... catheters are still considered the gold standard for cardiac output measurement, against which all new monitors are measured. Although widely available and easy to use once inserted, some degree of skill is required to position the pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) accurately. This may not be availabl ...
... catheters are still considered the gold standard for cardiac output measurement, against which all new monitors are measured. Although widely available and easy to use once inserted, some degree of skill is required to position the pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) accurately. This may not be availabl ...
Guidelines ARVD New Criteria Circ 2010
... Background—In 1994, an International Task Force proposed criteria for the clinical diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARVC/D) that facilitated recognition and interpretation of the frequently nonspecific clinical features of ARVC/D. This enabled confirmatory clin ...
... Background—In 1994, an International Task Force proposed criteria for the clinical diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARVC/D) that facilitated recognition and interpretation of the frequently nonspecific clinical features of ARVC/D. This enabled confirmatory clin ...
A Dynamic Lumped Parameter Model of the Left Ventricular Assisted
... and right sides of the heart and both the pulmonary and systemic circulations. In addition, the model also includes formulations for ventricular interaction via the interventricular septum and pericardium. Ventricular interaction via the inter-ventricular septum is modelled according to the three-el ...
... and right sides of the heart and both the pulmonary and systemic circulations. In addition, the model also includes formulations for ventricular interaction via the interventricular septum and pericardium. Ventricular interaction via the inter-ventricular septum is modelled according to the three-el ...
Cardiac Replacement with a Total Artificial Heart as a Bridge to
... the past three decades and is currently increasing at a rate of 550,000 new cases per year. The nearly 5 million Americans who have heart failure generate annual health care costs of $38.1 billion.1 Most of these patients are treated medically or with surgical therapy tailored to their cardiac disea ...
... the past three decades and is currently increasing at a rate of 550,000 new cases per year. The nearly 5 million Americans who have heart failure generate annual health care costs of $38.1 billion.1 Most of these patients are treated medically or with surgical therapy tailored to their cardiac disea ...
Misplacement of Temporary Pacing Wire into the Left Ventricle Via
... 1. The presence of the pacing electrode in the left ventricular cavity may signify arterial cannulation or perforation of the interventricular septum. 2. Thrombus formation on the lead can lead to systemic or cerebral embolisation. In one series, 10 out of 27 patients with pacing leads in the left ...
... 1. The presence of the pacing electrode in the left ventricular cavity may signify arterial cannulation or perforation of the interventricular septum. 2. Thrombus formation on the lead can lead to systemic or cerebral embolisation. In one series, 10 out of 27 patients with pacing leads in the left ...
Module 6
... Figure 12-1. cont’d. D, Wall of the heart. The cutout section of the heart wall shows the outer fibrous pericardium and the parietal and visceral layers of the serous pericardium (with the pericardial space between them). Note that a layer of fatty connective tissue is located between the visceral l ...
... Figure 12-1. cont’d. D, Wall of the heart. The cutout section of the heart wall shows the outer fibrous pericardium and the parietal and visceral layers of the serous pericardium (with the pericardial space between them). Note that a layer of fatty connective tissue is located between the visceral l ...
A Comparison of Mathematical Models of Left Ventricular
... assumption of a “fixed” aortic diameter has demonstrated that the EDM provides a useful approximation of both SV and subsequent CO [4, 5]. In addition, this information can be provided to the clinician on a near-instantaneous basis. Furthermore, although the EDM cannot measure EDV, both the velocity ...
... assumption of a “fixed” aortic diameter has demonstrated that the EDM provides a useful approximation of both SV and subsequent CO [4, 5]. In addition, this information can be provided to the clinician on a near-instantaneous basis. Furthermore, although the EDM cannot measure EDV, both the velocity ...
Effects of physical exercises on the ventricular myocardium
... blood vessels, among others. These proportions are different in distinct development stages and present an increased relative myocyte volume in the first years of life. In other cases, during pathological hypertrophy for example, the proportion of collagen and other cells rather than myocytes also i ...
... blood vessels, among others. These proportions are different in distinct development stages and present an increased relative myocyte volume in the first years of life. In other cases, during pathological hypertrophy for example, the proportion of collagen and other cells rather than myocytes also i ...
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
... 1. Severe native valve aortic stenosis or failure defined by ≥ 1 of the following: a. Mean aortic valve gradient ≥ 40mmHg b. Peak jet velocity ≥ 4.0 m/s c. Aortic valve area (AVA) < 0.8 cm2 d. AVA Index < 0.6 cm2/m2 2. Presence of New York Heart Association (NYHA) symptoms ≥ class II 3. Inoperable o ...
... 1. Severe native valve aortic stenosis or failure defined by ≥ 1 of the following: a. Mean aortic valve gradient ≥ 40mmHg b. Peak jet velocity ≥ 4.0 m/s c. Aortic valve area (AVA) < 0.8 cm2 d. AVA Index < 0.6 cm2/m2 2. Presence of New York Heart Association (NYHA) symptoms ≥ class II 3. Inoperable o ...
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary disease of the myocardium (the muscle of the heart) in which a portion of the myocardium is hypertrophied (thickened) without any obvious cause, creating functional impairment of the cardiac muscle. It is a leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes.The occurrence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a significant cause of sudden unexpected cardiac death in any age group and as a cause of disabling cardiac symptoms. Younger people are likely to have a more severe form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.HCM is frequently asymptomatic until sudden cardiac death, and for this reason some suggest routinely screening certain populations for this disease.A cardiomyopathy is a disease that affects the muscle of the heart. With HCM, the myocytes (cardiac contractile cells) in the heart increase in size, which results in the thickening of the heart muscle. In addition, the normal alignment of muscle cells is disrupted, a phenomenon known as myocardial disarray. HCM also causes disruptions of the electrical functions of the heart. HCM is most commonly due to a mutation in one of nine sarcomeric genes that results in a mutated protein in the sarcomere, the primary component of the myocyte (the muscle cell of the heart). These are predominantly single-point missense mutations in the genes for beta-myosin heavy chain (MHC), myosin-binding protein C, cardiac troponinT, or tropomyosin. These mutations cause myofibril and myocyte structural abnormalities and possible deficiencies in force generation. Not to be confused with dilated cardiomyopathy or any other cardiomyopathy.While most literature so far focuses on European, American, and Japanese populations, HCM appears in all ethnic groups. The prevalence of HCM is about 0.2% to 0.5% of the general population.