Motor Cortex, Basal Ganglia, Cerebellum
... 1. Projects to primary motor cortex and brain stem (particularly descending reticular formation) 2. Associated with assembling movements into coordinated actions. Lesions impair ability to develop appropriate sequences of muscle contractions 3. Participates in movements that involve several joints a ...
... 1. Projects to primary motor cortex and brain stem (particularly descending reticular formation) 2. Associated with assembling movements into coordinated actions. Lesions impair ability to develop appropriate sequences of muscle contractions 3. Participates in movements that involve several joints a ...
Isoforms of the human histamine H receptor
... learning, and memory. The functional effects of histamine are exerted through the activation of four G protein-coupled receptors (H1, H2, H3 and H4), and in the central nervous system the first three receptors are widely expressed. The H3 receptor (H3R) is found exclusively in neuronal cells, where ...
... learning, and memory. The functional effects of histamine are exerted through the activation of four G protein-coupled receptors (H1, H2, H3 and H4), and in the central nervous system the first three receptors are widely expressed. The H3 receptor (H3R) is found exclusively in neuronal cells, where ...
morphology and synaptic connections of ultrafine primary axons
... studies in which physiologically identified AS primary axons were injected intra-axonally with HRP (Light and Perl, 1979) and electrophysiological studies of neurons in laminae I and II (Kumazawa and Perl, 1978; Light et al., 1979). These studies suggest that C primary axons terminate predominantly ...
... studies in which physiologically identified AS primary axons were injected intra-axonally with HRP (Light and Perl, 1979) and electrophysiological studies of neurons in laminae I and II (Kumazawa and Perl, 1978; Light et al., 1979). These studies suggest that C primary axons terminate predominantly ...
Lab #6: Neurophysiology Simulation
... threshold. This induces the opening of the voltage-gated ion channels (Figs 6.3 and 6.4). The channels specific for Na+ open very quickly, thus there is a rapid increase in the permeability of the plasma membrane to Na+. Na+ rapidly flows into the interior of the cell along its electrochemical gradi ...
... threshold. This induces the opening of the voltage-gated ion channels (Figs 6.3 and 6.4). The channels specific for Na+ open very quickly, thus there is a rapid increase in the permeability of the plasma membrane to Na+. Na+ rapidly flows into the interior of the cell along its electrochemical gradi ...
PRESYNAPTIC IONOTROPIC RECEPTORS AND CONTROL OF
... VGCCs can enhance spontaneous neurotransmitter release, an effect that is sensitive to VGCC blockade. By contrast, effects of the activation of presynaptic anionic receptors on evoked release are more difficult to predict. Depolarization that activates VGCCs and enhances spontaneous release might di ...
... VGCCs can enhance spontaneous neurotransmitter release, an effect that is sensitive to VGCC blockade. By contrast, effects of the activation of presynaptic anionic receptors on evoked release are more difficult to predict. Depolarization that activates VGCCs and enhances spontaneous release might di ...
Biological constraints limit the use of rapamycin
... intercrossing these mice, rapamycin treatment would induce translocation of Venus-FKBP12-Inp54p to the plasma membrane in CGRP+ DRG neurons. In control experiments with cell lines, rapamycin induced translocation of Venus-FKBP12-Inp54p to the plasma membrane, and subsequent depletion of PIP2, as mea ...
... intercrossing these mice, rapamycin treatment would induce translocation of Venus-FKBP12-Inp54p to the plasma membrane in CGRP+ DRG neurons. In control experiments with cell lines, rapamycin induced translocation of Venus-FKBP12-Inp54p to the plasma membrane, and subsequent depletion of PIP2, as mea ...
SCENTS AND SENSIBILITY: A MOLECULAR LOGIC OF OLFACTORY PERCEPTION
... (20,21). These experiments provide a solution to the first question; we recognize the vast array of molecular structures defined as odorants by maintaining in our genome a large number of genes encoding odorant receptors. The observation that over 1000 receptors are required to accommodate the detec ...
... (20,21). These experiments provide a solution to the first question; we recognize the vast array of molecular structures defined as odorants by maintaining in our genome a large number of genes encoding odorant receptors. The observation that over 1000 receptors are required to accommodate the detec ...
The horizontal brain slice preparation: a novel approach for
... because the connections exist across layers and so could not be identified using the whole brain or in vivo preparation. In addition to being able to record from neurons across layers, this horizontal brain slice preparation also provides direct visualization and access to the neuropil where the den ...
... because the connections exist across layers and so could not be identified using the whole brain or in vivo preparation. In addition to being able to record from neurons across layers, this horizontal brain slice preparation also provides direct visualization and access to the neuropil where the den ...
Inhibitory Plasticity Balances Excitation and Inhibition in Sensory
... counterpart (Fig. 1A), permitting sensory inputs to be transiently (9) or persistently turned on by targeted disruptions of the balance (10, 11). Although the excitatory-inhibitory balance plays an important role for stability and information processing in cortical networks, it is not understood by ...
... counterpart (Fig. 1A), permitting sensory inputs to be transiently (9) or persistently turned on by targeted disruptions of the balance (10, 11). Although the excitatory-inhibitory balance plays an important role for stability and information processing in cortical networks, it is not understood by ...
Dendritic RNA Transport: Dynamic Spatio-Temporal Control of Neuronal Gene Expression
... translational regulation of dendritic mRNAs appears concrete, there is surprisingly little direct evidence for an essential role of these proteins in RNA localization (see Table 1), most likely because many of these proteins may play an essential role in early development and therefore knockout anim ...
... translational regulation of dendritic mRNAs appears concrete, there is surprisingly little direct evidence for an essential role of these proteins in RNA localization (see Table 1), most likely because many of these proteins may play an essential role in early development and therefore knockout anim ...
Document
... the toes will usually curl downward. When UMN inhibition is removed, the toes will curl upward (Dorsiflexion). This is referred to as a positive Babinski or presence of Babinski’s sign. ...
... the toes will usually curl downward. When UMN inhibition is removed, the toes will curl upward (Dorsiflexion). This is referred to as a positive Babinski or presence of Babinski’s sign. ...
pain impulses
... of pain-producing impulses ◦ Acetylcholine – responsible for transmitting motor nerve impulses ◦ Enkephalins – reduces pain perception by bonding to pain receptor sites ◦ Norepinephrine – causes vasoconstriction ◦ 2 types of chemical neurotransmitters that mediate pain ...
... of pain-producing impulses ◦ Acetylcholine – responsible for transmitting motor nerve impulses ◦ Enkephalins – reduces pain perception by bonding to pain receptor sites ◦ Norepinephrine – causes vasoconstriction ◦ 2 types of chemical neurotransmitters that mediate pain ...
Probability of Transmitter Release at Neocortical
... Mikhail Mukovski, Johannes Niesmann, and Ulf T. Eysel. Probability of transmitter release at neocortical synapses at different temperatures. J Neurophysiol 92: 212–220, 2004. First published March 3, 2004; 10.1152/jn.01166.2003. The probability of transmitter release at synaptic terminals is one of ...
... Mikhail Mukovski, Johannes Niesmann, and Ulf T. Eysel. Probability of transmitter release at neocortical synapses at different temperatures. J Neurophysiol 92: 212–220, 2004. First published March 3, 2004; 10.1152/jn.01166.2003. The probability of transmitter release at synaptic terminals is one of ...
Multiple functional domains are involved in tomosyn regulation of
... truncated mutant did not lead to inhibition of exocytosis although this mutant still bound to Syntaxin. Our results indicate that tomosyn can inhibit exocytosis independently of its SNARE interaction with Syntaxin and that the integrity of the WD40-domain is crucial for tomosyn’s inhibitory function ...
... truncated mutant did not lead to inhibition of exocytosis although this mutant still bound to Syntaxin. Our results indicate that tomosyn can inhibit exocytosis independently of its SNARE interaction with Syntaxin and that the integrity of the WD40-domain is crucial for tomosyn’s inhibitory function ...
Brain-implantable biomimetic electronics as the next era in neural
... particularly with respect to the dynamic and adaptive cellular and molecular mechanisms that are the basis for information processing in the brain. Likewise, there have been major breakthroughs in the mathematical modeling of nonlinear and nonstationary systems that are allowing quantitative represe ...
... particularly with respect to the dynamic and adaptive cellular and molecular mechanisms that are the basis for information processing in the brain. Likewise, there have been major breakthroughs in the mathematical modeling of nonlinear and nonstationary systems that are allowing quantitative represe ...
Chemosense in Mollusks
... • Human LA flux rate ≈ 1.5x10-12 moles/second, which is well within the range of sensitivity of the LA receptor. • Newly emerged females do not respond to LA, however, as the females develop, there is a progressive increase in LA receptor sensitivity. By the time females are of host-seeking age (24 ...
... • Human LA flux rate ≈ 1.5x10-12 moles/second, which is well within the range of sensitivity of the LA receptor. • Newly emerged females do not respond to LA, however, as the females develop, there is a progressive increase in LA receptor sensitivity. By the time females are of host-seeking age (24 ...
Robo1 Regulates the Migration and Laminar Distribution of Upper
... radial migration suggests that distinct molecular mechanisms may regulate each of the migration steps during development. Indeed, an increasing number of genes have been identified that control the early phase of radial migration (Caviness and Rakic 1978; Gupta et al. 2002; Nadarajah and Parnavelas 2 ...
... radial migration suggests that distinct molecular mechanisms may regulate each of the migration steps during development. Indeed, an increasing number of genes have been identified that control the early phase of radial migration (Caviness and Rakic 1978; Gupta et al. 2002; Nadarajah and Parnavelas 2 ...
Article
... This study focused on neural networks underlying Drosophila larval locomotion and aimed to identify and characterize interneurons that may be involved in regulation of locomotor activity. Forward peristaltic locomotion is the most dominant behavior in Drosophila 3rd-instar wandering larvae [20]. Thi ...
... This study focused on neural networks underlying Drosophila larval locomotion and aimed to identify and characterize interneurons that may be involved in regulation of locomotor activity. Forward peristaltic locomotion is the most dominant behavior in Drosophila 3rd-instar wandering larvae [20]. Thi ...
Do Sensory Neurons Secrete an Anti-Inhibitory
... protein to which glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are covalently bound. While the structures of the GAG chains differ between CSPGs, the length, amount and arrangement of the GAGs are known to contribute to inhibition of axonal outgrowth associated with SCI. Aggrecan is one type of CSPG that inhibits regen ...
... protein to which glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are covalently bound. While the structures of the GAG chains differ between CSPGs, the length, amount and arrangement of the GAGs are known to contribute to inhibition of axonal outgrowth associated with SCI. Aggrecan is one type of CSPG that inhibits regen ...
Lab 5: Nervous System I
... (the CNS) – it contains the communication lines that link all parts of the body to the CNS – consists mainly of nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord • the Peripheral NS has 2 functional subdivisions – the sensory or afferent division carries impulses TO the CNS and keeps the CNS informe ...
... (the CNS) – it contains the communication lines that link all parts of the body to the CNS – consists mainly of nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord • the Peripheral NS has 2 functional subdivisions – the sensory or afferent division carries impulses TO the CNS and keeps the CNS informe ...
Chapter 8 PowerPoint
... “Information” travels within the nervous system primarily in the form of propagated electrical signals known as action potentials. The most important information (e.g., vision, balance, movement), is carried by myelinated ...
... “Information” travels within the nervous system primarily in the form of propagated electrical signals known as action potentials. The most important information (e.g., vision, balance, movement), is carried by myelinated ...
Vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs): The three musketeers of
... (15 mM) or bromide is needed (Naito and Ueda 1985). VGLUTs have a strong affinity for substrate recognition and they prefer L-glutamate to the D-form (Moriyama and Yamamoto 1995). The accumulation of the neurotransmitters into storage vesicles ensure the quantal character of neurotransmission and c ...
... (15 mM) or bromide is needed (Naito and Ueda 1985). VGLUTs have a strong affinity for substrate recognition and they prefer L-glutamate to the D-form (Moriyama and Yamamoto 1995). The accumulation of the neurotransmitters into storage vesicles ensure the quantal character of neurotransmission and c ...