construction of a model demonstrating neural pathways and reflex arcs
... Another important structure is the thalamus. Although much research has been conducted on the thalamus, most of its functions remain unknown. However, many theories about thalamic function have been proposed. The thalamus is a small, footballshaped structure that functions asthe “customs agent” of a ...
... Another important structure is the thalamus. Although much research has been conducted on the thalamus, most of its functions remain unknown. However, many theories about thalamic function have been proposed. The thalamus is a small, footballshaped structure that functions asthe “customs agent” of a ...
Bystander Attenuation Of Neuronal And Astrocyte
... Astrocytes respond to and release transmitters such as glutamate and extracellular ATP through increases in intracellular Ca2+ [25-28]. Astrocytes modulate synaptic activity and respond to the release of transmitters from neurons [25, 27, 29, 30]. Astrocytes communicate with one another; intercellul ...
... Astrocytes respond to and release transmitters such as glutamate and extracellular ATP through increases in intracellular Ca2+ [25-28]. Astrocytes modulate synaptic activity and respond to the release of transmitters from neurons [25, 27, 29, 30]. Astrocytes communicate with one another; intercellul ...
The Nervous System
... potentiation and long-term depression) as the fundamental mechanisms of memory formation that leads to learning The role of neurotransmitters and neurohormones in the neural basis of memory and learning (including the role of glutamate in synaptic plasticity and the role of adrenaline in the consoli ...
... potentiation and long-term depression) as the fundamental mechanisms of memory formation that leads to learning The role of neurotransmitters and neurohormones in the neural basis of memory and learning (including the role of glutamate in synaptic plasticity and the role of adrenaline in the consoli ...
construction of a model demonstrating neural pathways and reflex arcs
... Another important structure is the thalamus. Although much research has been conducted on the thalamus, most of its functions remain unknown. However, many theories about thalamic function have been proposed. The thalamus is a small, footballshaped structure that functions asthe “customs agent” of a ...
... Another important structure is the thalamus. Although much research has been conducted on the thalamus, most of its functions remain unknown. However, many theories about thalamic function have been proposed. The thalamus is a small, footballshaped structure that functions asthe “customs agent” of a ...
The Cerebellum
... efferent pathway from the cerebellum, its fibres arises mainly from the dentate nucleus, and passes anterosuperiorly to the opposite thalamus and red nucleus of the midbrain. ...
... efferent pathway from the cerebellum, its fibres arises mainly from the dentate nucleus, and passes anterosuperiorly to the opposite thalamus and red nucleus of the midbrain. ...
Full version (PDF file)
... the antennal lobe cells of moths (Mercer et al. 1995). In addition, 5-HT depolarizes the juxtaglomerular cells by activating 5-HT1C receptors in the olfactory bulb, and the action of 5-HT in mitral cells of olfactory bulb contains two types of responses, hyperpolarized or depolarized (Hardy et al. 2 ...
... the antennal lobe cells of moths (Mercer et al. 1995). In addition, 5-HT depolarizes the juxtaglomerular cells by activating 5-HT1C receptors in the olfactory bulb, and the action of 5-HT in mitral cells of olfactory bulb contains two types of responses, hyperpolarized or depolarized (Hardy et al. 2 ...
NEUROTRANSMITTERS II.
... from anterior pituitary Stimulate luteinizing hormone (LH) release from anterior pituitary ...
... from anterior pituitary Stimulate luteinizing hormone (LH) release from anterior pituitary ...
Peripheral Nervous System The Somatic System
... 3. Function 1: sensory vs. motor 4. Function 2: somatic vs. visceral ...
... 3. Function 1: sensory vs. motor 4. Function 2: somatic vs. visceral ...
Synaptic Plasticity and Connectivity Requirements to
... similarly to the same stimulus-pair. Thus, to assess how well the network as a whole produces pair-selectivity, we measure the distribution of selectivity across all excitatory cells before and after learning (Figure 2C). We assess network responses by examining how the final distribution compares t ...
... similarly to the same stimulus-pair. Thus, to assess how well the network as a whole produces pair-selectivity, we measure the distribution of selectivity across all excitatory cells before and after learning (Figure 2C). We assess network responses by examining how the final distribution compares t ...
The Neurology of Posture
... summation of the effect called, no surprise, “temporal summation”. Or if another chemical were to change (prolong) the degradation in the secondary cell, it would have the same effect. ...
... summation of the effect called, no surprise, “temporal summation”. Or if another chemical were to change (prolong) the degradation in the secondary cell, it would have the same effect. ...
STOCHASTIC GENERATION OF BIOLOGICALLY - G
... these neurons into a web-based database of synthetic brain microstructure. This is the direct (or synthetic) brain construction process. We can then turn the table to the indirect (or reciprocal ) process, and develop algorithms to find basic circuits directly from the web-based database of syntheti ...
... these neurons into a web-based database of synthetic brain microstructure. This is the direct (or synthetic) brain construction process. We can then turn the table to the indirect (or reciprocal ) process, and develop algorithms to find basic circuits directly from the web-based database of syntheti ...
Slide 1
... limbs and trunk are transmitted via DRG – Stimulus transmission from sensory receptor to CNS ...
... limbs and trunk are transmitted via DRG – Stimulus transmission from sensory receptor to CNS ...
CHAPTER 2
... As was just described, the striated muscles derived from dermomyotomes constitute the somatic motor structures of the body. The neurons that innervate them are called somatic motor neurons, and they send their axons out the ventral roots of spinal nerves. The visceral motor tissues of the body - smo ...
... As was just described, the striated muscles derived from dermomyotomes constitute the somatic motor structures of the body. The neurons that innervate them are called somatic motor neurons, and they send their axons out the ventral roots of spinal nerves. The visceral motor tissues of the body - smo ...
Effects of the Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Antagonist MCPG
... messengers, diacylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol trisphosphate, leading in turn to activation of protein kinase C and the release of intracellular calcium stores (Berridge, 1984). Thus, it has been suggested that differences in the pattern or amount of mGluR-mediated PI turnover might account for ...
... messengers, diacylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol trisphosphate, leading in turn to activation of protein kinase C and the release of intracellular calcium stores (Berridge, 1984). Thus, it has been suggested that differences in the pattern or amount of mGluR-mediated PI turnover might account for ...
An oscillation-based model for the neuronal basis
... We here present a model where the temporal tagging (Crick & Koch, 1990b) is implemented at the single cell level using an oscillatory signal in the 3&50 Hz range. We have also investigated to what extent temporal tagging can be achieved by synchronizing the firing rate of a group of neurons without ...
... We here present a model where the temporal tagging (Crick & Koch, 1990b) is implemented at the single cell level using an oscillatory signal in the 3&50 Hz range. We have also investigated to what extent temporal tagging can be achieved by synchronizing the firing rate of a group of neurons without ...
Muscle Coordination 1 Changes in Muscle Coordination with
... at which the task could be performed in an accurate and stable fashion (6). Are such changes in the stability of behaviour mediated by trained induced alterations in the efficiency with which motor actions are generated? One direct consequence of resistance training appears to be an increase in the ...
... at which the task could be performed in an accurate and stable fashion (6). Are such changes in the stability of behaviour mediated by trained induced alterations in the efficiency with which motor actions are generated? One direct consequence of resistance training appears to be an increase in the ...
Arabidopsis thaliana, a plant model organism for
... and glycine synergistically control ligand-mediated gating of calcium and hypocotyl elongation in plants. Transient increases in cytosolic calcium and hypocotyl elongation were ...
... and glycine synergistically control ligand-mediated gating of calcium and hypocotyl elongation in plants. Transient increases in cytosolic calcium and hypocotyl elongation were ...
Molecules and mechanisms of dendrite development in Drosophila
... once the severing event has occurred. Importantly, however, caspase activity is very likely to be local, as activated caspases and cleaved caspase substrates are detected selectively in pruning dendritic arbors (Kuo et al., 2006; Williams et al., 2006). How this dendritic specificity is achieved is ...
... once the severing event has occurred. Importantly, however, caspase activity is very likely to be local, as activated caspases and cleaved caspase substrates are detected selectively in pruning dendritic arbors (Kuo et al., 2006; Williams et al., 2006). How this dendritic specificity is achieved is ...
DESCENDING TRACTS
... Regulate muscle tone and muscle force. May be involved in selecting and inhibiting specific motor synergies. ...
... Regulate muscle tone and muscle force. May be involved in selecting and inhibiting specific motor synergies. ...
The Area Postrema - Queen`s University
... of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (DMH) (van der Kooy and Koda 1983; Shapiro and Miselis 1985; see Fig. 3). Intriguingly information from the AP reaches the PVN through both monosynaptic and polysynaptic connections suggesting an integrative capacity wi ...
... of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (DMH) (van der Kooy and Koda 1983; Shapiro and Miselis 1985; see Fig. 3). Intriguingly information from the AP reaches the PVN through both monosynaptic and polysynaptic connections suggesting an integrative capacity wi ...
microcircuits in the striatum striatal cell types and their
... inhibition between spiny projection neurons has only been forthcoming during the last 2 years, and does not fit the relatively simple previously suggested role of a selection circuit. Similarly, striatal interneurons (e.g., the fast-spiking interneuron), despite their small numbers, have been increa ...
... inhibition between spiny projection neurons has only been forthcoming during the last 2 years, and does not fit the relatively simple previously suggested role of a selection circuit. Similarly, striatal interneurons (e.g., the fast-spiking interneuron), despite their small numbers, have been increa ...
Transgenic expression of ZBP1 in neurons suppresses cocaine-associated conditioning
... contribute to the molecular changes that lead to long-term synaptic plasticity (Kourrich et al. 2007). In response to a single dose of cocaine, mRNA levels for IEGs fos, jun, and zif268, which encode transcription factors, are increased and these increases are potentiated with repeated dosage (Hope ...
... contribute to the molecular changes that lead to long-term synaptic plasticity (Kourrich et al. 2007). In response to a single dose of cocaine, mRNA levels for IEGs fos, jun, and zif268, which encode transcription factors, are increased and these increases are potentiated with repeated dosage (Hope ...
Optimal Recall from Bounded Metaplastic Synapses: Predicting
... adaptions towards memory recall by providing a similar functional account of further crucial aspects of hippocampal organisation, involving plasticity and circuit dynamics. ...
... adaptions towards memory recall by providing a similar functional account of further crucial aspects of hippocampal organisation, involving plasticity and circuit dynamics. ...
pdf 2.5M
... electrical signals in the brain, namely human [1] and simian [2]. This started a long-lasting dispute concerning the true chaotic nature of such signals, as well as much speculation regarding the possible roles of chaos in cognition [3–6]. Our standpoint in previous work and in the present paper is ...
... electrical signals in the brain, namely human [1] and simian [2]. This started a long-lasting dispute concerning the true chaotic nature of such signals, as well as much speculation regarding the possible roles of chaos in cognition [3–6]. Our standpoint in previous work and in the present paper is ...
Cellular, synaptic and network effects of neuromodulation
... mistaken impression that second messenger modulation of a single current occurs in isolation. Instead, modulation of membrane currents by second messengers has several important computational consequences (Hille, 2001): (A) Second messenger activation is often associated with amplification. That is, ...
... mistaken impression that second messenger modulation of a single current occurs in isolation. Instead, modulation of membrane currents by second messengers has several important computational consequences (Hille, 2001): (A) Second messenger activation is often associated with amplification. That is, ...