![Receptors in lateral hypothalamic area involved in - AJP](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/000515935_1-25021451117eb5c41266b1ae6f45c4ec-300x300.png)
Receptors in lateral hypothalamic area involved in - AJP
... acid-receptor antagonist kynurenate effectively blocked the increase in renal sympathetic nerve response to stimulation of the IC. The most effective injection sites were in the most ventral portions of the tuberal and posterior ipsilateral LHA, lateral to the fornix. This is consistent with an ante ...
... acid-receptor antagonist kynurenate effectively blocked the increase in renal sympathetic nerve response to stimulation of the IC. The most effective injection sites were in the most ventral portions of the tuberal and posterior ipsilateral LHA, lateral to the fornix. This is consistent with an ante ...
Experimental spinal cord transplantation as a mechanism of
... implanted in the ventral hom of adult animals not only survive but send axons through peripheral nerves to innervate muscle.IS Stimulation of the peripheral nerve containing the regenerated axons of the grafted fetal neurons results in contraction of the innervated muscle. This is a significant and ...
... implanted in the ventral hom of adult animals not only survive but send axons through peripheral nerves to innervate muscle.IS Stimulation of the peripheral nerve containing the regenerated axons of the grafted fetal neurons results in contraction of the innervated muscle. This is a significant and ...
Chemical Nature of Synaptic Transmission in Vertebrates
... about the characteristics of its action, its metabolism and turnover in the tissue, its liberation during activity, and the possibility of blocking synaptic transmission by inactivating postsynaptic receptors with either an excess of the supposed transmitter or some more or less specific antagonist. ...
... about the characteristics of its action, its metabolism and turnover in the tissue, its liberation during activity, and the possibility of blocking synaptic transmission by inactivating postsynaptic receptors with either an excess of the supposed transmitter or some more or less specific antagonist. ...
A Fast, Reciprocal Pathway between the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
... collision trials (red traces). In a collision trial, a spontaneous spike from the recorded cortical neuron triggers the electrical shock. If the neuron is a GR neuron that receives feedforward input from the LGN, then the spontaneous spike will not affect the propagation of the orthodromic spike and ...
... collision trials (red traces). In a collision trial, a spontaneous spike from the recorded cortical neuron triggers the electrical shock. If the neuron is a GR neuron that receives feedforward input from the LGN, then the spontaneous spike will not affect the propagation of the orthodromic spike and ...
A Monosynaptic GABAergic Input from the Inferior Colliculus to the
... seven 8 –12-week-old Long–Evans hooded rats. The surgical procedures were approved by the University of Connecticut Health Center animal care committee. Rats were anesthetized with an intramuscular injection of ketamine (97.5 mg/ml) and xylaxine (2.43 mg/ml, 0.1 ml of mixture per 100 gm of body weig ...
... seven 8 –12-week-old Long–Evans hooded rats. The surgical procedures were approved by the University of Connecticut Health Center animal care committee. Rats were anesthetized with an intramuscular injection of ketamine (97.5 mg/ml) and xylaxine (2.43 mg/ml, 0.1 ml of mixture per 100 gm of body weig ...
The sacral autonomic outflow is sympathetic
... The peripheral targets of the sacral VM neurons are located in the pelvic plexus —which, in some species, such as the mouse, is condensed into a bona fide ganglion — and are considered, by definition, parasympathetic 15. Since a proportion of pelvic ganglionic neurons receive input from upper lumba ...
... The peripheral targets of the sacral VM neurons are located in the pelvic plexus —which, in some species, such as the mouse, is condensed into a bona fide ganglion — and are considered, by definition, parasympathetic 15. Since a proportion of pelvic ganglionic neurons receive input from upper lumba ...
Lesion of the perforant path triggers a biphasic neurogenic response
... w ith intact post-synaptic d ensities still form , d espite the absence of glutamatergic nerve term inals. Follow ing entorhinal lesion, n ew born neurons, but not m ature granule cells, have a higher d ensity of d end ritic spines in the non -d enervated inner m olecular layer, accom panied by an i ...
... w ith intact post-synaptic d ensities still form , d espite the absence of glutamatergic nerve term inals. Follow ing entorhinal lesion, n ew born neurons, but not m ature granule cells, have a higher d ensity of d end ritic spines in the non -d enervated inner m olecular layer, accom panied by an i ...
F-Spondin Is Required for Accurate Pathfinding of Commissural
... (D) Immunolocalization of F-spondin protein with the R5 Ab (same section as in [C]). The protein is localized in the basal membrane that underlies the floor plate, around the notochord and in the basal membrane that ensheaths the peripheral nerve. Scale bar, 50 mm. (E) E14 rat ventral spinal cord im ...
... (D) Immunolocalization of F-spondin protein with the R5 Ab (same section as in [C]). The protein is localized in the basal membrane that underlies the floor plate, around the notochord and in the basal membrane that ensheaths the peripheral nerve. Scale bar, 50 mm. (E) E14 rat ventral spinal cord im ...
Lineage origins of GABAergic versus glutamatergic neurons in the
... This hypothesis states that despite the functional diversity of different neocortical areas, there is an underlying unifying theme. According to the hypothesis, the neocortex consists of ontogenetic columns that are generated from progenitor cells near the ventricle. In other words, neocortical prog ...
... This hypothesis states that despite the functional diversity of different neocortical areas, there is an underlying unifying theme. According to the hypothesis, the neocortex consists of ontogenetic columns that are generated from progenitor cells near the ventricle. In other words, neocortical prog ...
Activity of Krebs cycle enzymes in mdx mice - Genoma
... Introduction: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a degenerative disease of skeletal, respiratory, and cardiac muscles caused by defects in the dystrophin gene. More recently brain involvement has been verified. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress may underlie the pathophysiology of DMD. ...
... Introduction: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a degenerative disease of skeletal, respiratory, and cardiac muscles caused by defects in the dystrophin gene. More recently brain involvement has been verified. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress may underlie the pathophysiology of DMD. ...
Descending Pathways in Motor Control
... not to cross the midline, to find its target neurons, and to avoid others. The neuropharmacological features include the neurotransmitter and neuromodulators released at the pathway’s terminals. Finally, we need to add the neuroinformatic features: the activity/information that the pathway transmits ...
... not to cross the midline, to find its target neurons, and to avoid others. The neuropharmacological features include the neurotransmitter and neuromodulators released at the pathway’s terminals. Finally, we need to add the neuroinformatic features: the activity/information that the pathway transmits ...
PDF
... receptor gene str-2 (str-2::GFP) (AWCON; right) is shown in green; the other AWC, with no str-2::GFP expression (AWCOFF; left), is shown in red. Within a population of worms, the left-right AWC asymmetry is stochastic, meaning that 50% of the animals display str-2 expression on the right, whereas th ...
... receptor gene str-2 (str-2::GFP) (AWCON; right) is shown in green; the other AWC, with no str-2::GFP expression (AWCOFF; left), is shown in red. Within a population of worms, the left-right AWC asymmetry is stochastic, meaning that 50% of the animals display str-2 expression on the right, whereas th ...
Neurodevelopmental mechanisms of schizophrenia: understanding
... insults) during early development (indicated by three pink stars on the left-hand side) disturb postnatal brain maturation. These factors, including genetic (e.g. NRG1–ErbB4 and DISC1) and environmental factors (e.g. birth hypoxia and congenital infection), are likely to impair some of the crucial p ...
... insults) during early development (indicated by three pink stars on the left-hand side) disturb postnatal brain maturation. These factors, including genetic (e.g. NRG1–ErbB4 and DISC1) and environmental factors (e.g. birth hypoxia and congenital infection), are likely to impair some of the crucial p ...
Chemical Senses
... madeleine (cookie) soaked in her decoction of limeblossom tea" resurrected a whole town from his memories of years before. Proust creates long, vivid passages of memory and emotion blended together from a smell, a taste. The ability of a certain aroma to open a floodgate of memories is now called th ...
... madeleine (cookie) soaked in her decoction of limeblossom tea" resurrected a whole town from his memories of years before. Proust creates long, vivid passages of memory and emotion blended together from a smell, a taste. The ability of a certain aroma to open a floodgate of memories is now called th ...
Mechanisms of cell migration in the nervous system
... Neuron migration routes. Neuron migration routes in the developing mammalian brain are complex (Marín and Rubenstein, 2003; Ayala et al., 2007). The brain develops from the anterior end of the neural tube: a pseudo-stratified epithelial tube with its apical surface inside and basal surface outside. ...
... Neuron migration routes. Neuron migration routes in the developing mammalian brain are complex (Marín and Rubenstein, 2003; Ayala et al., 2007). The brain develops from the anterior end of the neural tube: a pseudo-stratified epithelial tube with its apical surface inside and basal surface outside. ...
Critical Time Window of Neuronal Cholesterol Synthesis during
... Cholesterol is an essential membrane component enriched in plasma membranes, growth cones, and synapses. The brain normally synthesizes all cholesterol locally, but the contribution of individual cell types to brain cholesterol metabolism is unknown. To investigate whether cortical projection neuron ...
... Cholesterol is an essential membrane component enriched in plasma membranes, growth cones, and synapses. The brain normally synthesizes all cholesterol locally, but the contribution of individual cell types to brain cholesterol metabolism is unknown. To investigate whether cortical projection neuron ...
May 21, 04.doc
... components after different types of sensory or visual deprivation. In the rat somatosensory cortex, deprivation of whisker input results in decreases in GABAergic circuitry elements, such as the number and proportion of GABA-immunoreactive synaptic contacts in layer IV (Micheva and Beaulieu, 1995), ...
... components after different types of sensory or visual deprivation. In the rat somatosensory cortex, deprivation of whisker input results in decreases in GABAergic circuitry elements, such as the number and proportion of GABA-immunoreactive synaptic contacts in layer IV (Micheva and Beaulieu, 1995), ...
a.Nerve Regeneration
... remains intact, cut or compressed axons can regenerate: – Post-trauma axon regrowth is never exactly the same as what existed before the injury – Much of the functional recovery after nerve injury involves retraining the nervous system to respond appropriately so that stimulus and response are coord ...
... remains intact, cut or compressed axons can regenerate: – Post-trauma axon regrowth is never exactly the same as what existed before the injury – Much of the functional recovery after nerve injury involves retraining the nervous system to respond appropriately so that stimulus and response are coord ...
Mechanisms of axon degeneration: From development to disease
... dynamically regulated and potentially reversible local phenomenon, whereas degeneration processes likely reflect more global (e.g. transcriptional) transition states in neurons. Developmental synapse elimination is a local process involving the activity-dependent and competitive elimination of input ...
... dynamically regulated and potentially reversible local phenomenon, whereas degeneration processes likely reflect more global (e.g. transcriptional) transition states in neurons. Developmental synapse elimination is a local process involving the activity-dependent and competitive elimination of input ...
No Direct Projection is Observed from the Substantia Nigra to the
... injection of the retrograde tracer fluoro-gold (FG) into the DVC, FG-labeled neurons were observed in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), lateral hypothalamus (LH), inferior olive (IO), and locus coeruleus (LC). No FG-positive cells were observed in the SN or striatum. Furthermore, after ...
... injection of the retrograde tracer fluoro-gold (FG) into the DVC, FG-labeled neurons were observed in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), lateral hypothalamus (LH), inferior olive (IO), and locus coeruleus (LC). No FG-positive cells were observed in the SN or striatum. Furthermore, after ...
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) PNS – all neural structures
... Takes place at a neuromusclular junction ...
... Takes place at a neuromusclular junction ...
Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
... the spinal cord, which in turn inhibit the actions of the motor neurons ...
... the spinal cord, which in turn inhibit the actions of the motor neurons ...
Optical quantal analysis of synaptic transmission in wild
... PDZ interaction domain of the Shaker K+ channel at its C-terminal end, as has been done26 with the earlier Ca2+ sensor Cameleon27. This method of Ca2+ sensor targeting enables optical imaging of Ca2+ influx through postsynaptic glutamate receptors. The high signal-tonoise ratio of GCaMP2, together w ...
... PDZ interaction domain of the Shaker K+ channel at its C-terminal end, as has been done26 with the earlier Ca2+ sensor Cameleon27. This method of Ca2+ sensor targeting enables optical imaging of Ca2+ influx through postsynaptic glutamate receptors. The high signal-tonoise ratio of GCaMP2, together w ...
Expression of AMPA/kainate receptors during development of chick
... have been studied (Yamashita et al., 1994a), as well as calcium channels (Yamashita et al., 1994a; Capela et al., 1997), and kainate toxicity (Gibson and Reif-Lehrer, 1984; Ferreira et al., 1998). Several studies have proposed that ionotropic glutamate receptors, including AMPA/kainate receptors, ar ...
... have been studied (Yamashita et al., 1994a), as well as calcium channels (Yamashita et al., 1994a; Capela et al., 1997), and kainate toxicity (Gibson and Reif-Lehrer, 1984; Ferreira et al., 1998). Several studies have proposed that ionotropic glutamate receptors, including AMPA/kainate receptors, ar ...