Bacterial growth
... – All components of bacteria are increasing in amount at the same rate • 2x as many bacteria = 2x as much protein, 2x as much peptidgolycan, 2x as much LPS, etc. – During exponential growth, bacteria are not limited for any nutrients, i.e. they are not short of anything. ...
... – All components of bacteria are increasing in amount at the same rate • 2x as many bacteria = 2x as much protein, 2x as much peptidgolycan, 2x as much LPS, etc. – During exponential growth, bacteria are not limited for any nutrients, i.e. they are not short of anything. ...
Microbes and diseases: what to study-1
... – Mild, severe, respectively, depending on cell mediated immune response. – Numbness vs tissue destruction • Spread mostly by direct contact • Treatable with antibiotics, but long term ...
... – Mild, severe, respectively, depending on cell mediated immune response. – Numbness vs tissue destruction • Spread mostly by direct contact • Treatable with antibiotics, but long term ...
Microbiology 2 – Hospital Acquired Infections
... Antibacterial: agents used to eliminate or reduce harmful bacteria. Antibiotic: a type of antimicrobial drug used in humans and animals. 11% of inpatients in hospitals have a hospital acquired infection at any time. These include: - clostridium difficile – 3 800 p.a - MRSA – 1629 They cause a huge b ...
... Antibacterial: agents used to eliminate or reduce harmful bacteria. Antibiotic: a type of antimicrobial drug used in humans and animals. 11% of inpatients in hospitals have a hospital acquired infection at any time. These include: - clostridium difficile – 3 800 p.a - MRSA – 1629 They cause a huge b ...
Importance of Bacteria
... ammonia (NH3). This is essential, since atmospheric nitrogen cannot be used by living organisms, whereas ammonia can. Peas, beans, clover, alphalfa (legumes) have lumps at the base of their roots. These lumps are colonies of nitrogen fixing bacteria which provide the available nitrogen to the plant. ...
... ammonia (NH3). This is essential, since atmospheric nitrogen cannot be used by living organisms, whereas ammonia can. Peas, beans, clover, alphalfa (legumes) have lumps at the base of their roots. These lumps are colonies of nitrogen fixing bacteria which provide the available nitrogen to the plant. ...
Pathogenic Mechanisms
... • attachment site occupied with indigenous flora (commensals); usually bacteria • bacteriocins - proteins secreted by the indigenous flora that inhibit the growth of other bacteria • competitive deletion of essential nutrients • production of toxic by-products – genitourinary tract - at menarche, ti ...
... • attachment site occupied with indigenous flora (commensals); usually bacteria • bacteriocins - proteins secreted by the indigenous flora that inhibit the growth of other bacteria • competitive deletion of essential nutrients • production of toxic by-products – genitourinary tract - at menarche, ti ...
scope and history of microbiology
... Killed more than 300 million people worldwide in the 20th century alone, and most of the native inhabitants of the Americas. Smallpox (also known by the Latin names Variola or Variola vera) is a contagious disease unique to humans. Smallpox is caused by either of two virus variants named Variola maj ...
... Killed more than 300 million people worldwide in the 20th century alone, and most of the native inhabitants of the Americas. Smallpox (also known by the Latin names Variola or Variola vera) is a contagious disease unique to humans. Smallpox is caused by either of two virus variants named Variola maj ...
document
... adaptive mechanisms to his environment. The degree of confidence study of evolution essentially would be impossible if bones were They bear witness toof burial and thus give evidence At birth, human skeleton ispatterns very small and only There are two kinds bone cells….essentially hard, things as t ...
... adaptive mechanisms to his environment. The degree of confidence study of evolution essentially would be impossible if bones were They bear witness toof burial and thus give evidence At birth, human skeleton ispatterns very small and only There are two kinds bone cells….essentially hard, things as t ...
221_exam_5_2002
... B. Human genes have introns and bacterial genes do not. C. Foreign proteins are often toxic for the bacterium. D. Human genes are not arranged in operons like bacterial genes. ____ Plants resistant to crop pests can be produced by introducing a gene that codes for ___ into the plant genome. A. Clost ...
... B. Human genes have introns and bacterial genes do not. C. Foreign proteins are often toxic for the bacterium. D. Human genes are not arranged in operons like bacterial genes. ____ Plants resistant to crop pests can be produced by introducing a gene that codes for ___ into the plant genome. A. Clost ...
Helpful and Harmful Bacteria Graphic Organizer PP
... Helpful Bacteria • Saprophytes: break down dead organisms • Nitrogen-fixing bacteria help plants get the nitrogen they need to grow • Foods contain bacteria like yogurt, pickles, cheese, and sauerkraut • Bacteria in our stomachs help to break down foods • Some medicines are made from bacteria • Bac ...
... Helpful Bacteria • Saprophytes: break down dead organisms • Nitrogen-fixing bacteria help plants get the nitrogen they need to grow • Foods contain bacteria like yogurt, pickles, cheese, and sauerkraut • Bacteria in our stomachs help to break down foods • Some medicines are made from bacteria • Bac ...
Name: Date: Period: ______ Bacterial Cells and Gram Staining
... 2.) Strep throat is caused by streptococcus bacteria. When you go to the doctor with a sore throat, they swab your throat and have you wait for the results of the "culture" to see if you have strep throat. What does the "culture" look like if you have strep throat? 3.) Some bacterial infections are ...
... 2.) Strep throat is caused by streptococcus bacteria. When you go to the doctor with a sore throat, they swab your throat and have you wait for the results of the "culture" to see if you have strep throat. What does the "culture" look like if you have strep throat? 3.) Some bacterial infections are ...
Biology 340 Name
... areas with large numbers of poultry processing plants. areas with large numbers of rodents and rodent fleas. contaminated drinking water. conditions of poor sanitation where human lice flourish. the fecal waste of human carriers who harbor the bacteria in their gall bladders. ...
... areas with large numbers of poultry processing plants. areas with large numbers of rodents and rodent fleas. contaminated drinking water. conditions of poor sanitation where human lice flourish. the fecal waste of human carriers who harbor the bacteria in their gall bladders. ...
Document
... Killed more than 300 million people worldwide in the 20th century alone, and most of the native inhabitants of the Americas. Smallpox (also known by the Latin names Variola or Variola vera) is a contagious disease unique to humans. Smallpox is caused by either of two virus variants named Variola maj ...
... Killed more than 300 million people worldwide in the 20th century alone, and most of the native inhabitants of the Americas. Smallpox (also known by the Latin names Variola or Variola vera) is a contagious disease unique to humans. Smallpox is caused by either of two virus variants named Variola maj ...
Microbiology Notes: Causes of Disease
... by a protist. A mosquito carries the parasite from human to human through blood. ...
... by a protist. A mosquito carries the parasite from human to human through blood. ...
Gene exchange
... • Bacteria are asexual – With sexual reproduction, multiplication and gene recombination are linked. – In bacteria, they are separate – Bacteria acquire new DNA from mutation, phage infection, and transfer from other bacteria ...
... • Bacteria are asexual – With sexual reproduction, multiplication and gene recombination are linked. – In bacteria, they are separate – Bacteria acquire new DNA from mutation, phage infection, and transfer from other bacteria ...
“Ne`er the Twain Shall Meet” and Other Great Lies
... • One gram of typical soil you will see the following numbers of organisms--bacteria 109, 105-6 fungal cells, 103-6 unicellular algae, 103-5 protozoa and 10-100 nematodes. • There are more organisms in a gram of soil than there are ...
... • One gram of typical soil you will see the following numbers of organisms--bacteria 109, 105-6 fungal cells, 103-6 unicellular algae, 103-5 protozoa and 10-100 nematodes. • There are more organisms in a gram of soil than there are ...
1. Eukaryotes
... • Spontaneous Generation: the hypothesis that living organisms arise from nonliving matter is called. – a “Vital Force” Forms life. ...
... • Spontaneous Generation: the hypothesis that living organisms arise from nonliving matter is called. – a “Vital Force” Forms life. ...
Model 2 - iiser admission 2017
... 1. Offspring formed by sexual reproduction exhibit more variation than those formed by asexual reproduction because A. each gamete has unique genetic composition. B. sexual reproduction is a lengthy process. C. genetic material comes from parents of two different species. D. greater amount of DNA is i ...
... 1. Offspring formed by sexual reproduction exhibit more variation than those formed by asexual reproduction because A. each gamete has unique genetic composition. B. sexual reproduction is a lengthy process. C. genetic material comes from parents of two different species. D. greater amount of DNA is i ...
Viruses and Prokaryotes
... – a sticky layer of polysaccharides or protein. • shields pathogenic prokaryotes from attacks by a host’s immune system. ...
... – a sticky layer of polysaccharides or protein. • shields pathogenic prokaryotes from attacks by a host’s immune system. ...
STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION (Tortora 8th ed
... Our lives are shaped in many important but often unseen ways by microorganisms. To avoid or control harmful ones and take advantage of the beneficial ones, we depend on careful observation and accurate identification. In this section of the course, we first become acquainted with a variety of micros ...
... Our lives are shaped in many important but often unseen ways by microorganisms. To avoid or control harmful ones and take advantage of the beneficial ones, we depend on careful observation and accurate identification. In this section of the course, we first become acquainted with a variety of micros ...
Viruses and Bacteria Multiple Choice (1 point each) Identify the
... ____ 27. Refer to the illustration above. Which structure is found outside the cell after the cell is infected? a. structure 1 c. structure 3 b. structure 2 d. structure 4 ____ 28. In which cell cycle(s) does viral DNA become integrated into the host cell’s DNA? a. lytic b. lysogenic c. neither lyti ...
... ____ 27. Refer to the illustration above. Which structure is found outside the cell after the cell is infected? a. structure 1 c. structure 3 b. structure 2 d. structure 4 ____ 28. In which cell cycle(s) does viral DNA become integrated into the host cell’s DNA? a. lytic b. lysogenic c. neither lyti ...
Bacteria and Algae - Hatboro
... • Makes food from light energy • Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) – Most common type of photosynthetic algae – Single cells or long chains – Pump free oxygen back into the water ...
... • Makes food from light energy • Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) – Most common type of photosynthetic algae – Single cells or long chains – Pump free oxygen back into the water ...
File
... c. parasitic 32) Fungal disease is a major concern for humans because fungi attack not only us but also our food sources (ex. mold), making fungi competitors with humans for nutrients. a. true b. false 33) Fungi only reproduce asexually. This allows them to reproduce quickly and ensures an increased ...
... c. parasitic 32) Fungal disease is a major concern for humans because fungi attack not only us but also our food sources (ex. mold), making fungi competitors with humans for nutrients. a. true b. false 33) Fungi only reproduce asexually. This allows them to reproduce quickly and ensures an increased ...
Human microbiota
The human microbiota is the aggregate of microorganisms, a microbiome that resides on the surface and in deep layers of skin (including in mammary glands), in the saliva and oral mucosa, in the conjunctiva, and in the gastrointestinal tracts. They include bacteria, fungi, and archaea. Micro-animals which live on the human body are excluded. The human microbiome refer to their genomes.One study indicated they outnumber human cells 10 to 1. Some of these organisms perform tasks that are useful for the human host. However, the majority have been too poorly researched for us to understand the role they play, however communities of microflora have been shown to change their behavior in diseased individuals. Those that are expected to be present, and that under normal circumstances do not cause disease, but instead participate in maintaining health, are deemed members of the normal flora. Though widely known as microflora, this is a misnomer in technical terms, since the word root flora pertains to plants, and biota refers to the total collection of organisms in a particular ecosystem. Recently, the more appropriate term microbiota is applied, though its use has not eclipsed the entrenched use and recognition of flora with regard to bacteria and other microorganisms. Both terms are being used in different literature.Studies in 2009 questioned whether the decline in biota (including microfauna) as a result of human intervention might impede human health.Most of the microbes associated with humans appear to be not harmful at all, but rather assist in maintaining processes necessary for a healthy body. A surprising finding was that at specific sites on the body, a different set of microbes may perform the same function for different people. For example, on the tongues of two people, two entirely different sets of organisms will break down sugars in the same way. This suggests that medical science may be forced to abandon the ""one only"" microbe model of infectious disease, and rather pay attention to functions of groups of microbes that have somehow gone awry.