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Defence of Socrates - Not Entirely Stable
Defence of Socrates - Not Entirely Stable

... Greece (Athens in particular, of course), that he was a sophist, and that he was influencing and corrupting Athens’ youth. But beyond the official charges against him, there were plenty of other things that people held Socrates responsible for, even if it was not explicitly said in his indictment or ...
Sophocles (ca 495 – ca 405)
Sophocles (ca 495 – ca 405)

... the Athenians) helped highlight political and moral themes  Helped in the process of lifelong education for the tremendous responsibility of democracy (“ruling and being ruled”)  Tragedy for the Greeks was a religious and moral undertaking  For Aristotle, “the imitation of an action that is compl ...
On Thucydides` History
On Thucydides` History

... or not Thucydides’ work can be classified as a history, despite the fact that the ancient historian states he “made it a principle . . . [not] to be guided by [his] own general impressions” (1.22). However, it is clear that in many instances Thucydides allowed his own life experiences and opinions t ...
A Dissent at Athens ca 424
A Dissent at Athens ca 424

... Most Greeks knew, or at least had heard, that ponos (pain, trouble, toil) was the price of greatness. With ponoi one could hope for all that was good in life, victory in battle, victory at Pan hellenic games, or even-to take a single spectacular case, that of Herakles-godhood. At the same time, when ...
Athenian Wheat-Tsars: Black Sea Grain and Elite Culture
Athenian Wheat-Tsars: Black Sea Grain and Elite Culture

... single Bosporan port, stating that Leukon sent 2,100,000 medimnoi from Theodosia to Athens (Strab. 7.4.6). This equals about 260,000 medimnoi per annum in the eight years between the opening of the port shortly before 355 BC and the death of Leukon in 349/8 BC.3 These figures find independent corrob ...
“Does Anyone Care about the Greeks Living in Asia?:” Ionia and
“Does Anyone Care about the Greeks Living in Asia?:” Ionia and

... “Does Anyone Care about the Greeks Living in Asia?:” Ionia and Attic Orators in the Fourth Century BCE The King’s Peace of 386 BCE divided Ionia into two zones politically, the autonomous islands and Persian controlled mainland. The Peace allowed Athenian orators to declare that Sparta betrayed the ...
Strategy and Changing Moods in Thucydides
Strategy and Changing Moods in Thucydides

... thoroughly dismayed at the situation and hold him responsible, steadiness of purpose can lead them beyond present misfortunes. They are now in a weakened state of purpose (gnome), one that has turned against him in light of their misfortunes (2.61.2). The biggest blow to Athens is the appearance of ...
The Rule of the Tyrant Pisistratus
The Rule of the Tyrant Pisistratus

... reference to tyrants at the time in force at of Hymettus, who was cultivating the spot Athens were very mild, especially the one afterwards known as “Tax-free Farm.” He that applies more particularly to the saw a man digging and working a very establishment of tyranny. The law ran as stony piece of ...
Philosophy
Philosophy

... then continued by writing down his own ideas and opening a school. Aristotle, who was younger, came to study at Plato's school, and ended up starting his own school as well. Socrates was the first of the three great Athenian philosophers. Socrates was born in Athens in 469 BC, so he lived through th ...
The Athenian Embassies to Sardis and Cleomenes` Invasion of Attica
The Athenian Embassies to Sardis and Cleomenes` Invasion of Attica

... Attica in the spring, and while it is true these expeditions were expected and involved no political wrangling, they demonstrate that it was certainly physically possible for the levy to be collected and rushed north in less than a month. And in 507 there appearsto have been little or no diplomatic ...
Sparta - Prep World History I
Sparta - Prep World History I

... textbook and read; you'll find that the Spartans were "an armed camp," "brutal," "culturally stagnant," "economically stagnant," "politically stagnant," and other fun things. The reality, of course, lies somewhere behind the value judgements. Greek history does, after all, come down to us through th ...
Natural Barriers
Natural Barriers

... • Athens going into the Battle of Marathon only had 10,000 men • King Darius of Persia had united the Persian Army and now was trying to get revenge on Athens • Darius brings 20,000 men to attack at Marathon ...
Ancient Greece - Mr. G Educates
Ancient Greece - Mr. G Educates

... • Athens going into the Battle of Marathon only had 10,000 men • King Darius of Persia had united the Persian Army and now was trying to get revenge on Athens • Darius brings 20,000 men to attack at Marathon • Athens did have one secret weapon ...
History of The Parthenon
History of The Parthenon

... building new buildings with the same influence. These influences help to keep history alive. Here I have shown the people how exciting architecture is and the history of these two very interesting and beautiful building can be sustained after all these years siting in the center of these two amazing ...
summer teaching institute continuing education student questions
summer teaching institute continuing education student questions

... what do their dialogues reveal? How do these individuals shed light on Thucydides’ perceptions both of history and of war? Does he feel individuals are the appropriate focus of history, or something else (greater)? 2. Which city – Athens or Sparta - does Thucydides admire most? Which polis should wi ...
Political Culture and Political Leadership in Thucydides` History of
Political Culture and Political Leadership in Thucydides` History of

... to reimagine Athens as an island („if we were islanders, who would be more invulnerable?”, 1.143.5.). The rift between this policy and the Athenians’ traditional bond is shown by the reluctance of the citizens to obey the Periclean commands (Taylor, 2009: 48–64.). The reimagination is continued in h ...
The Rise of Greek City-States
The Rise of Greek City-States

... • Athenian wealth grew under the aristocracy • Discontent spread among ordinary people – Demanded rights for service to Athens – Artisans resentful they couldn’t be citizens ...
III. Political Onomastics of Classical Athens
III. Political Onomastics of Classical Athens

... Meanwhile the idea of the crisis of the polis in the 4th century B.C. and later became rather popular among Soviet scholars (Liya Gluskina, Lyudmila Marinovich). [c. 278] Now this conception is important only for historiography, but it played an important role in the evolution of our views on polis. ...
Ancient Greek Political Thought in Practice
Ancient Greek Political Thought in Practice

... culture such as that (or, rather, those) of classical Greece. It follows that we should expect the meanings of a core concept such as equality to be especially unstable, and to become extraordinarily hotly contested in situations of civil strife or outright civil war. Thucydides’ famous account of t ...
Athens v. Sparta Debate Prep
Athens v. Sparta Debate Prep

... Class A: Ms. Foster believes that students should help to make the classroom rules. The class votes on such rules as whether they can chew gum in class, eat in class, leave their seats whenever they want, speak without raising their hands, and wear hats in class. Students also vote on the punishment ...
A-level Classical Civilisation Mark scheme Unit 02D
A-level Classical Civilisation Mark scheme Unit 02D

... interventions by Athens to prevent them from leaving; this had occurred from the early League days (Naxos, Thasos) but seems to have reached a crisis point in the 440s; credit for students who introduce here the inscriptions giving the terms imposed on Erythrai, Khalkis, Miletus etc; points of relev ...
PDF Available - IPSA Paper room - International Political Science
PDF Available - IPSA Paper room - International Political Science

... – cross national or cross-society – comparison is not feasible as there is only one international system without any contemporary and comparative referent. Temporal, over-time comparison is the only viable way to test their theories. Many of their theories have been developed out of comparison with ...
Conflict and Reconciliation: Dynamics of the Athenian Mass and
Conflict and Reconciliation: Dynamics of the Athenian Mass and

... questions, seeking answers in the interaction between mass and elite as evidenced in the speeches recorded in the late fifth century and throughout the fourth. Ober's analysis explains how the balance of power was negotiated in Athens, allowing for simultaneous elite leadership and true mass rule: h ...
THE ATHENIAN PROCEDURE OF DOKIMASIA OF ORATORS
THE ATHENIAN PROCEDURE OF DOKIMASIA OF ORATORS

... case then went to a jury for trial; the procedure at the trial was presumably the same as for any other public case. Aiskhines says that the law ordered the jury to decide the case. That the accused man had attempted to speak in the Ekklesia was of course already known; what the jury had to decide w ...
The Periklean Age
The Periklean Age

... under the command of general Tolmedes, marched to Boeotia, against the advice of Perikles, who told them to be patient and wait until they collected a stronger force. Tolmedes and his men retook Chaeronia, but when they were leaving, after a surprise attack by the exiles of Orchomenos and others, th ...
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Athenian democracy



Athenian democracy developed around the fifth century BC in the Greek city-state (known as a polis) of Athens, comprising the city of Athens and the surrounding territory of Attica and is the first known democracy in the world. Other Greek cities set up democracies, most following the Athenian model, but none are as well documented as Athens.It was a system of direct democracy, in which participating citizens voted directly on legislation and executive bills. Participation was not open to all residents: to vote one had to be an adult, male citizen, and the number of these ""varied between 30,000 and 50,000 out of a total population of around 250,000 to 300,000.""The longest-lasting democratic leader was Pericles. After his death, Athenian democracy was twice briefly interrupted by oligarchic revolutions towards the end of the Peloponnesian War. It was modified somewhat after it was restored under Eucleides; and the most detailed accounts of the system are of this fourth-century modification rather than the Periclean system. Democracy was suppressed by the Macedonians in 322 BC. The Athenian institutions were later revived, but how close they were to a real democracy is debatable. Solon (594 BC), Cleisthenes (508/7 BC), an aristocrat, and Ephialtes (462 BC) contributed to the development of Athenian democracy.
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