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Inan et al., 2006
... marks neuronal nuclei, was used to reveal cortical barrel cytoarchitecture. Briefly, animals were perfused transcardially with ice-cold PBS followed by 4% PFA in PBS. Barrel cortex was then removed and flattened for 4 h in 4% PFA at room temperature and cut tangentially (parallel to layer IV) on a v ...
... marks neuronal nuclei, was used to reveal cortical barrel cytoarchitecture. Briefly, animals were perfused transcardially with ice-cold PBS followed by 4% PFA in PBS. Barrel cortex was then removed and flattened for 4 h in 4% PFA at room temperature and cut tangentially (parallel to layer IV) on a v ...
Analysis of Connectivity in the Cat Cerebral Cortex
... It was sometimes necessary to compromise between high-resolution cytoarchitectonic parcellations, such as the division of area 6 into 6acr, 6aB, and 6if (see Avendano and Rausell, 1988), and the need to find sufficient connections described in the literature that could be fitted into the parcellatio ...
... It was sometimes necessary to compromise between high-resolution cytoarchitectonic parcellations, such as the division of area 6 into 6acr, 6aB, and 6if (see Avendano and Rausell, 1988), and the need to find sufficient connections described in the literature that could be fitted into the parcellatio ...
Reconsidering anhedonia in depression
... 2000, p. 349). In other words, clinical diagnosis of anhedonia does not discriminate between a decrease in motivation and a reduction in experienced pleasure. The failure to draw such a distinction may reflect the long-held assumption that people are motivated to pursue the things they find pleasurabl ...
... 2000, p. 349). In other words, clinical diagnosis of anhedonia does not discriminate between a decrease in motivation and a reduction in experienced pleasure. The failure to draw such a distinction may reflect the long-held assumption that people are motivated to pursue the things they find pleasurabl ...
The Structure and Plasticity of the Proximal Axon of Hippocampal
... central nervous system (CNS), for instance cortical and hippocampal neurons. They possess several dendrites and one long axon projecting from the soma. In contrast, bipolar neurons (fig. 1B), which are sensory neurons (for instance retinal bipolar cells), have two processes arising from the cell bod ...
... central nervous system (CNS), for instance cortical and hippocampal neurons. They possess several dendrites and one long axon projecting from the soma. In contrast, bipolar neurons (fig. 1B), which are sensory neurons (for instance retinal bipolar cells), have two processes arising from the cell bod ...
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews Michael T. Treadway , David H. Zald
... 2000, p. 349). In other words, clinical diagnosis of anhedonia does not discriminate between a decrease in motivation and a reduction in experienced pleasure. The failure to draw such a distinction may reflect the long-held assumption that people are motivated to pursue the things they find pleasurabl ...
... 2000, p. 349). In other words, clinical diagnosis of anhedonia does not discriminate between a decrease in motivation and a reduction in experienced pleasure. The failure to draw such a distinction may reflect the long-held assumption that people are motivated to pursue the things they find pleasurabl ...
Learning and memory in zebrafish larvae
... Even relatively simple instances of learning in vertebrates can involve complex interactions of hundreds of molecules, each with distinct spatial and temporal kinetics, as well as neural circuits containing hundreds to thousands of neurons, and thousands to tens of thousands of synapses, which must ...
... Even relatively simple instances of learning in vertebrates can involve complex interactions of hundreds of molecules, each with distinct spatial and temporal kinetics, as well as neural circuits containing hundreds to thousands of neurons, and thousands to tens of thousands of synapses, which must ...
Response Properties of Neighboring Neurons in the
... close together, we first investigated the efficacy of using tetrodes over single-channel multi-unit recordings. Specifically, we looked at how groups of action potentials, clustered and separated with the four channel information of the tetrodes, separate when only one channel of information is use ...
... close together, we first investigated the efficacy of using tetrodes over single-channel multi-unit recordings. Specifically, we looked at how groups of action potentials, clustered and separated with the four channel information of the tetrodes, separate when only one channel of information is use ...
The rat ponto-medullary network responsible for paradoxical
... In the middle of the last century, a series of historical observations lead to the discovery of a vigilance state in humans and other mammals paradoxically characterized by cortical activation and rapid eye movements, but associated with a complete disappearance of the muscle tone (Aserinsky and Kle ...
... In the middle of the last century, a series of historical observations lead to the discovery of a vigilance state in humans and other mammals paradoxically characterized by cortical activation and rapid eye movements, but associated with a complete disappearance of the muscle tone (Aserinsky and Kle ...
Intrinsic and synaptic plasticity in the vestibular system
... calcium influx that occurs with each action potential: decreases in CaMKII activity oppose excitability by reducing BK currents. This unusual form of plasticity might be common to spontaneously active neurons throughout the brain, and would not have been observed in typical plasticity studies that c ...
... calcium influx that occurs with each action potential: decreases in CaMKII activity oppose excitability by reducing BK currents. This unusual form of plasticity might be common to spontaneously active neurons throughout the brain, and would not have been observed in typical plasticity studies that c ...
Program - Albion
... When we learn new information we use only a tiny fraction of the neurons in our brain for that particular memory trace. This sparse encoding makes it difficult to study the cellular and molecular changes associated with learning. In this lecture I will discuss recent results from our lab and oth ...
... When we learn new information we use only a tiny fraction of the neurons in our brain for that particular memory trace. This sparse encoding makes it difficult to study the cellular and molecular changes associated with learning. In this lecture I will discuss recent results from our lab and oth ...
Assembly and Function of Spinal Circuits for Motor Control
... Control of movement is a fundamental and complex task of the vertebrate nervous system, which relies on communication between circuits distributed throughout the brain and spinal cord. Many of the networks essential for the execution of basic locomotor behaviors are composed of discrete neuronal pop ...
... Control of movement is a fundamental and complex task of the vertebrate nervous system, which relies on communication between circuits distributed throughout the brain and spinal cord. Many of the networks essential for the execution of basic locomotor behaviors are composed of discrete neuronal pop ...
An investigation of brain processes supporting meditation
... awareness without explicit selection’’, and in both cases this is synonymous with ‘‘meditation’’. It may thus be argued that whether a particular concrete meditation carried out by a specific subject in a given situation is best characterised as ‘‘concentrative’’ or ‘‘mindfulness’’ will to a large d ...
... awareness without explicit selection’’, and in both cases this is synonymous with ‘‘meditation’’. It may thus be argued that whether a particular concrete meditation carried out by a specific subject in a given situation is best characterised as ‘‘concentrative’’ or ‘‘mindfulness’’ will to a large d ...
Possible Mechanism Underlying
... seeking in prolonged withdrawal. The allostasis model has been proposed for brain changes that occur during the development of addiction process and explains the persistent vulnerability to relapse long after drug taking has ceased. During the course of addiction, counter-adaptive processes such as ...
... seeking in prolonged withdrawal. The allostasis model has been proposed for brain changes that occur during the development of addiction process and explains the persistent vulnerability to relapse long after drug taking has ceased. During the course of addiction, counter-adaptive processes such as ...
Ensemble Patterns of Hippocampal CA3
... (Aa) Large amplitude ripples (⬎7 SD from baseline) are present at all recordings sites and show a similar pattern. (Ab and Ac) Examples of amplitude variability of ripples with similar frequency. (Ad) Low-amplitude (⬍4 SD) fast field oscillation confined to one or two recording sites. (Ae) Frequency ...
... (Aa) Large amplitude ripples (⬎7 SD from baseline) are present at all recordings sites and show a similar pattern. (Ab and Ac) Examples of amplitude variability of ripples with similar frequency. (Ad) Low-amplitude (⬍4 SD) fast field oscillation confined to one or two recording sites. (Ae) Frequency ...
Basis Functions for Object
... humans after fronto-parietal lesions. Introduction The retinal image of an object changes whenever the object moves and every time the eyes move, either alone or as a result of head and body movements. Yet, our ability to recognize and manipulate objects is, to a large extent, independent of our pos ...
... humans after fronto-parietal lesions. Introduction The retinal image of an object changes whenever the object moves and every time the eyes move, either alone or as a result of head and body movements. Yet, our ability to recognize and manipulate objects is, to a large extent, independent of our pos ...
NIH Public Access
... Despite the compelling empirical support for this model of PTSD pathophysiology, there are strong reasons to seek additional corroborative evidence. Whereas conditioned fear can be measured across species with relatively simple autonomic or behavioral responses that may even occur non-consciously in ...
... Despite the compelling empirical support for this model of PTSD pathophysiology, there are strong reasons to seek additional corroborative evidence. Whereas conditioned fear can be measured across species with relatively simple autonomic or behavioral responses that may even occur non-consciously in ...
Imaging development and plasticity in the mouse visual system
... Neuronal activity, both intrinsically generated and sensory-evoked, is known to play an important role in the development of the brain. Sensory experiences continue to exert a strong influence on the functional connectivity of neuronal circuits, especially in the cerebral cortex, allowing for learni ...
... Neuronal activity, both intrinsically generated and sensory-evoked, is known to play an important role in the development of the brain. Sensory experiences continue to exert a strong influence on the functional connectivity of neuronal circuits, especially in the cerebral cortex, allowing for learni ...
Kalirin, a Multifunctional Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor
... calculated using Neurolucida. For spine quantification, stacks of confocal images (Z step, 0.5 m, 50 –100 m from cell soma) were taken using a 63⫻ objective (1.5 digital zoom factor). Three-dimensional images were assembled with Zmaris, and spines were traced and quantified using Neurolucida. Head ...
... calculated using Neurolucida. For spine quantification, stacks of confocal images (Z step, 0.5 m, 50 –100 m from cell soma) were taken using a 63⫻ objective (1.5 digital zoom factor). Three-dimensional images were assembled with Zmaris, and spines were traced and quantified using Neurolucida. Head ...
... the intralysosomal accumulation of autofluorescent storage material and the loss of subpopulations of GABAergic interneurons [11,12]. Both Cln3–/– mice and individuals with JNCL have circulating autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) that inhibit this enzyme’s ability to convert gluta ...
The time of course of BDNF levels in brain and plasma after cerebral
... The brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a member of neurotrophin family protein, exerts strong survival and differentiation function during the development of the nervous system (Cohen-Cory et al. 2010). However, BDNF is still present in mature brain where it is stored and released from neuron ...
... The brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a member of neurotrophin family protein, exerts strong survival and differentiation function during the development of the nervous system (Cohen-Cory et al. 2010). However, BDNF is still present in mature brain where it is stored and released from neuron ...
Midbrain Dopamine Neurons Encode a Quantitative Reward
... error. Importantly, however, systems of this type do not necessarily account for all of the behavior produced by all animals under all circumstances. If an animal faces an environment in which a strategy of alternating sequentially between two responses yields a reward on every trial, then the outpu ...
... error. Importantly, however, systems of this type do not necessarily account for all of the behavior produced by all animals under all circumstances. If an animal faces an environment in which a strategy of alternating sequentially between two responses yields a reward on every trial, then the outpu ...
Chapter 02 Neuroscience and Behavior
... Electrical wires are generally protected by a tube of plastic. A similar insulating function is performed in the nervous system by the: ...
... Electrical wires are generally protected by a tube of plastic. A similar insulating function is performed in the nervous system by the: ...
Review Article Type 3 adenylyl cyclase: a key enzyme mediating the
... including neurons. They are considered the cellular “antennae” attuned for detecting a range of extracellular signals including photons, odorants, morphogens, hormones and mechanical forces. The ciliary microenvironment is distinct from most actin-based subcellular structures such as microvilli or s ...
... including neurons. They are considered the cellular “antennae” attuned for detecting a range of extracellular signals including photons, odorants, morphogens, hormones and mechanical forces. The ciliary microenvironment is distinct from most actin-based subcellular structures such as microvilli or s ...
c-Jun Expression in Adult Rat Dorsal Root
... axotomy (7, 30, 45, 57). Regenerative failure after CNS injury has been attributed both to intrinsic neuronal and extrinsic environmental factors. The environment of the PNS is clearly conducive for axonal regrowth of either peripheral or central axons (23, 53, 54, 68), while the mature CNS environm ...
... axotomy (7, 30, 45, 57). Regenerative failure after CNS injury has been attributed both to intrinsic neuronal and extrinsic environmental factors. The environment of the PNS is clearly conducive for axonal regrowth of either peripheral or central axons (23, 53, 54, 68), while the mature CNS environm ...