Srivastava and Bell 2009
... Conversely, horizontal diversity could modify the effects of vertical diversity on functions. For example, increasing prey diversity could increase predation because diverse prey communities provide a more balanced diet (DeMott 1998). The opposite pattern could occur if high prey diversity reduces t ...
... Conversely, horizontal diversity could modify the effects of vertical diversity on functions. For example, increasing prey diversity could increase predation because diverse prey communities provide a more balanced diet (DeMott 1998). The opposite pattern could occur if high prey diversity reduces t ...
SoE 2016 Biodiversity report (PDF - 10.3 MB)
... report. Components of biodiversity identified for assessment were set in SoE 2011, and SoE 2016 was required to provide updates on these assessments. Current understanding of the state and recent trends of key components of biodiversity are presented, as well as discussions on biodiversity managemen ...
... report. Components of biodiversity identified for assessment were set in SoE 2011, and SoE 2016 was required to provide updates on these assessments. Current understanding of the state and recent trends of key components of biodiversity are presented, as well as discussions on biodiversity managemen ...
Integrating Above and Belowground Components of Biodiversity
... nutrients that are transferred to their host plant in exchange for a purely phytogenic carbon supply. Due to their ubiquity and their functional importance, they are the subject of much research into their community ecology, yet much is still unknown. For instance: whether or not AM fungi display pr ...
... nutrients that are transferred to their host plant in exchange for a purely phytogenic carbon supply. Due to their ubiquity and their functional importance, they are the subject of much research into their community ecology, yet much is still unknown. For instance: whether or not AM fungi display pr ...
Acoustic profiling of the landscape
... surveys for determining local diversity patterns across natural gradients and to assess the value of the technique for assessing the impact human influence across landscapes. In tropical rainforests, an entire acoustic guild was investigated to determine how acoustic species partition their acoustic ...
... surveys for determining local diversity patterns across natural gradients and to assess the value of the technique for assessing the impact human influence across landscapes. In tropical rainforests, an entire acoustic guild was investigated to determine how acoustic species partition their acoustic ...
GENERALITY OF LEAF TRAIT RELATIONSHIPS: A TEST ACROSS SIX BIOMES P B. R
... plant traits for any species. Here we address this issue by testing for biome differences in the slope and intercept of interspecific relationships among leaf traits: longevity, net photosynthetic capacity (Amax), leaf diffusive conductance (Gs), specific leaf area (SLA), and nitrogen (N) status, fo ...
... plant traits for any species. Here we address this issue by testing for biome differences in the slope and intercept of interspecific relationships among leaf traits: longevity, net photosynthetic capacity (Amax), leaf diffusive conductance (Gs), specific leaf area (SLA), and nitrogen (N) status, fo ...
reprint - Anderson lab - University of Georgia
... west to east, with the outcrossing ssp. xantiana occupying a wetter, western region, and the self-pollinating spp. parviflora a drier, eastern one (Eckhart and Geber 1999). The contact zone is intermediate in climate (Eckhart et al. 2011) and pollinator abundance (Fausto et al. 2001; Moeller 2006; M ...
... west to east, with the outcrossing ssp. xantiana occupying a wetter, western region, and the self-pollinating spp. parviflora a drier, eastern one (Eckhart and Geber 1999). The contact zone is intermediate in climate (Eckhart et al. 2011) and pollinator abundance (Fausto et al. 2001; Moeller 2006; M ...
Sage-Grouse and Indirect Interactions: Potential Implications of
... of conservation concern, where relatively little in coyotes also allowed jackrabbits(Lepusspp.) mention is made of the potential consequences to increase, then Greater Sage-Grouse could of indirect interactions. However, given the suffer from apparentcompetition (i.e., negative increasingly recogniz ...
... of conservation concern, where relatively little in coyotes also allowed jackrabbits(Lepusspp.) mention is made of the potential consequences to increase, then Greater Sage-Grouse could of indirect interactions. However, given the suffer from apparentcompetition (i.e., negative increasingly recogniz ...
UNIVERSIDAD AUT ´ONOMA DE MADRID FACULTAD DE
... on insensibly changing physical conditions, but in large part on the presence of other species, on which it depends, or by which it is destroyed, or which it comes into competition. ...
... on insensibly changing physical conditions, but in large part on the presence of other species, on which it depends, or by which it is destroyed, or which it comes into competition. ...
Resource Use by the Eastern Grey Kangaroo and the Black
... Eastern Grey Kangaroo and Black Wallaby faeces during the sampling periods in the individual communities, to be accumulated. Eastern Grey Kangaroos utilised forage which consisted largely of grass and their diets were similar regardless of their feeding sites or the time of the year. Black Wallaby d ...
... Eastern Grey Kangaroo and Black Wallaby faeces during the sampling periods in the individual communities, to be accumulated. Eastern Grey Kangaroos utilised forage which consisted largely of grass and their diets were similar regardless of their feeding sites or the time of the year. Black Wallaby d ...
Plio-Pleistocene large carnivores from the Italian peninsula
... differences due principally to taxonomic affiliation (family). Although, when phylogenetic history is controlled with comparative methods, significant differences still to occur among taxa with different diets and between small and large forms (threshold posed at 7 kilograms). Interestingly, both ma ...
... differences due principally to taxonomic affiliation (family). Although, when phylogenetic history is controlled with comparative methods, significant differences still to occur among taxa with different diets and between small and large forms (threshold posed at 7 kilograms). Interestingly, both ma ...
Grassland Ecology - Kansas State University
... important role in the history of humans and will continue to do so in the future. Grasslands have also played an important role in the development and testing of ecological theory, such as assessing relationships between species richness and ecosystem function and as model systems for assessing the ...
... important role in the history of humans and will continue to do so in the future. Grasslands have also played an important role in the development and testing of ecological theory, such as assessing relationships between species richness and ecosystem function and as model systems for assessing the ...
Abstracts - Society For Range Management
... dairy production systems are as varied as the languages and cultures of the individuals who engage in them. In Morocco, large numbers of three-cow farms produce 90% of the country’s domestic milk supply and employ 70% of its population. Farmers are considering rain-fed sorghum and legume silage mixe ...
... dairy production systems are as varied as the languages and cultures of the individuals who engage in them. In Morocco, large numbers of three-cow farms produce 90% of the country’s domestic milk supply and employ 70% of its population. Farmers are considering rain-fed sorghum and legume silage mixe ...
Invertebrate herbivory, plant diversity and ecosystem processes in
... osition, biotic introductions, and rise in global lev- in one-to-one correspondence with existing things; rather, they can be seen as classes of things, or els of atmospheric CO2. classes of processes. All those entities that are While it is not known whether future extinctions used to describe the ...
... osition, biotic introductions, and rise in global lev- in one-to-one correspondence with existing things; rather, they can be seen as classes of things, or els of atmospheric CO2. classes of processes. All those entities that are While it is not known whether future extinctions used to describe the ...
Linking Restoration and Ecological Succession (Springer
... This book was conceived over dinner at the Cooloola Dunes near Brisbane, Australia, as we pondered how to reconcile 700,000 years of soil development with typical successional studies of <200 years and restoration concerns that normally cover <20 years. Restoration ecology is deeply rooted in ecolog ...
... This book was conceived over dinner at the Cooloola Dunes near Brisbane, Australia, as we pondered how to reconcile 700,000 years of soil development with typical successional studies of <200 years and restoration concerns that normally cover <20 years. Restoration ecology is deeply rooted in ecolog ...
Effects of productivity, disturbance, and ecosystem size on food
... fi C; the net rate of these disturbance-driven extinctions should be 3e. In addition, for patches in state E, the IG-prey experiences an elevated risk of extinction, due to IGP, which adds an amount a to the transition from E to D. We assume that increasing the strength of local IGP increases the mag ...
... fi C; the net rate of these disturbance-driven extinctions should be 3e. In addition, for patches in state E, the IG-prey experiences an elevated risk of extinction, due to IGP, which adds an amount a to the transition from E to D. We assume that increasing the strength of local IGP increases the mag ...
RvK-diss digi - Waddenacademie
... Arthropods are the most species-rich clade of eukaryotic life forms on earth, with an estimated number of species ranging between 3 and 7 million (Novotny et al. 2002, Hamilton et al. 2010). They play a key role in many ecological processes and have important effects on plant communities (De Deyn et ...
... Arthropods are the most species-rich clade of eukaryotic life forms on earth, with an estimated number of species ranging between 3 and 7 million (Novotny et al. 2002, Hamilton et al. 2010). They play a key role in many ecological processes and have important effects on plant communities (De Deyn et ...
Parasites Affect Food Web Structure Primarily through Increased
... in food webs [29,30]; and their manipulation of hosts can reorganize communities and alter ecosystem function [31]. These and other ecological factors might alter how parasites fit into, and affect the structure of, food webs compared to free-living organisms. For example, although some parasites ap ...
... in food webs [29,30]; and their manipulation of hosts can reorganize communities and alter ecosystem function [31]. These and other ecological factors might alter how parasites fit into, and affect the structure of, food webs compared to free-living organisms. For example, although some parasites ap ...
COSEWIC assessment and status report on the Behr`s Hairstreak
... branches of Antelope-brush where they overwinter. The eggs hatch in early spring, and the larvae develop from late March to late May and pupate in late spring. The pupae are attached to stems of Antelope-brush and this stage lasts approximately two weeks. Behr’s Hairstreak is not known to migrate. A ...
... branches of Antelope-brush where they overwinter. The eggs hatch in early spring, and the larvae develop from late March to late May and pupate in late spring. The pupae are attached to stems of Antelope-brush and this stage lasts approximately two weeks. Behr’s Hairstreak is not known to migrate. A ...
ppt檔案
... concepts from the natural sciences (including ecology) and the social sciences, and focuses on solutions to environmental problems. ...
... concepts from the natural sciences (including ecology) and the social sciences, and focuses on solutions to environmental problems. ...
Review of information, policy and legislation on species translocation
... 3.14 Discussion on introduction of non-native organisms.....................................160 3.14.1 Perceptions of non-native species in the UK .....................................160 3.14.2 Assessing the potential for invasion and spread of alien species.......161 3.14.3 Negative effects of int ...
... 3.14 Discussion on introduction of non-native organisms.....................................160 3.14.1 Perceptions of non-native species in the UK .....................................160 3.14.2 Assessing the potential for invasion and spread of alien species.......161 3.14.3 Negative effects of int ...
Evolution, ecology and conservation of Dolly Varden
... Oncorhynchus (e.g., Pacific salmon, cutthroat and rainbow trout) and Salmo (e.g., Atlantic salmon and brown trout). Within chars, genus Salvelinus, work has focused mostly on Arctic char (S. alpinus), lake trout (S. namaycush), and brook trout (S. fontinalis). Though research on these species has pr ...
... Oncorhynchus (e.g., Pacific salmon, cutthroat and rainbow trout) and Salmo (e.g., Atlantic salmon and brown trout). Within chars, genus Salvelinus, work has focused mostly on Arctic char (S. alpinus), lake trout (S. namaycush), and brook trout (S. fontinalis). Though research on these species has pr ...
Marine Ecology Progress Series 273:251
... are obviously not homogeneous, but describe organisms sharing some of their characteristics (body size, trophic role, habitat use). These groups are used to test for broad differences in the strength or slope of the gradients, but not to infer any common evolutionary history. The taxonomic different ...
... are obviously not homogeneous, but describe organisms sharing some of their characteristics (body size, trophic role, habitat use). These groups are used to test for broad differences in the strength or slope of the gradients, but not to infer any common evolutionary history. The taxonomic different ...
Answer Key - Mandarin High School - Mrs. Brand`s Science Classes
... from moisture to temperature to the animal’s own behavior. It often takes years of trial and error before scientists develop a tag that will actually stay on an organism until someone takes it off. Scientists must also be sure that any mark that is put on an organism does not make that animal more o ...
... from moisture to temperature to the animal’s own behavior. It often takes years of trial and error before scientists develop a tag that will actually stay on an organism until someone takes it off. Scientists must also be sure that any mark that is put on an organism does not make that animal more o ...
Functional niche partitioning in herbivorous coral reef fishes
... Ecological niche theory predicts that the diversity of life hinges on differences in the ways in which species exploit available resources, i.e. their ecological niche. An organism’s niche can be divided into the fundamental and the realized niche. The fundamental niche refers to a species’ inherent ...
... Ecological niche theory predicts that the diversity of life hinges on differences in the ways in which species exploit available resources, i.e. their ecological niche. An organism’s niche can be divided into the fundamental and the realized niche. The fundamental niche refers to a species’ inherent ...
generality of leaf trait relationships: a test across six biomes
... ductance (Gs), and photosynthetic rate are fundamental provide evidence for convergent evolution, plant traits that vary greatly among species, often by Studies from a variety of species and ecosystems, orders of magnitude (Field and Mooney 1986, Reich et among plant groups taxonomically either broa ...
... ductance (Gs), and photosynthetic rate are fundamental provide evidence for convergent evolution, plant traits that vary greatly among species, often by Studies from a variety of species and ecosystems, orders of magnitude (Field and Mooney 1986, Reich et among plant groups taxonomically either broa ...
Ecological fitting
Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.