BEST PRACTICE IN RESTORATION
... economic values associated with ecosystem restoration, when many of these benefits (such as enhanced biodiversity, or landscape improvement, or water quality improvement) are not priced by markets. Examples will be provided for two kinds of ecosystem restoration contexts: moorlands and salt marshes. ...
... economic values associated with ecosystem restoration, when many of these benefits (such as enhanced biodiversity, or landscape improvement, or water quality improvement) are not priced by markets. Examples will be provided for two kinds of ecosystem restoration contexts: moorlands and salt marshes. ...
best practice in restoration
... economic values associated with ecosystem restoration, when many of these benefits (such as enhanced biodiversity, or landscape improvement, or water quality improvement) are not priced by markets. Examples will be provided for two kinds of ecosystem restoration contexts: moorlands and salt marshes. ...
... economic values associated with ecosystem restoration, when many of these benefits (such as enhanced biodiversity, or landscape improvement, or water quality improvement) are not priced by markets. Examples will be provided for two kinds of ecosystem restoration contexts: moorlands and salt marshes. ...
What is a Trophic Cascade? - College of Forestry
... proposing this distinction is not to promote a regressive, dichotomous view of trophic control of communities and ecosystems, but rather to distinguish between trophic processes in which the distribution and abundance of species are controlled by the negative influences of consumers on their prey on ...
... proposing this distinction is not to promote a regressive, dichotomous view of trophic control of communities and ecosystems, but rather to distinguish between trophic processes in which the distribution and abundance of species are controlled by the negative influences of consumers on their prey on ...
Ecological interactions of marine sponges1 - FSU Biology
... maintain under laboratory conditions; the few scientists working with the group are highly specialized and have not yet produced authoritative, well-illustrated field manuals for large geographic areas; even studies at particular sites have yet to reach comprehensive levels.” The many key functional ...
... maintain under laboratory conditions; the few scientists working with the group are highly specialized and have not yet produced authoritative, well-illustrated field manuals for large geographic areas; even studies at particular sites have yet to reach comprehensive levels.” The many key functional ...
Conflicts over host manipulation between different parasites and
... parasites (e.g. Malaria, [14–16]) and as potentially accidental intermediate hosts (e.g. Toxoplasma, [17–20]). Most studies on host manipulation have focused on single parasite species or even individuals. By contrast, hosts in nature are often infected by multiple parasites (e.g. [21–24]). Such a h ...
... parasites (e.g. Malaria, [14–16]) and as potentially accidental intermediate hosts (e.g. Toxoplasma, [17–20]). Most studies on host manipulation have focused on single parasite species or even individuals. By contrast, hosts in nature are often infected by multiple parasites (e.g. [21–24]). Such a h ...
Winners always win: growth of a wide range of plant species from
... Current knowledge makes it difficult to determine how the relationships between leaf morphology, plant allocation and growth rate have changed from past to present atmospheric CO2 concentrations, and how these relationships compare to the responses of today’s plant species to future CO2 concentratio ...
... Current knowledge makes it difficult to determine how the relationships between leaf morphology, plant allocation and growth rate have changed from past to present atmospheric CO2 concentrations, and how these relationships compare to the responses of today’s plant species to future CO2 concentratio ...
Ecosystem services provided by bats
... support and sustain both natural and human dominated ecosystems ranging from the simple to the complex. In this review, we describe the ecosystem services provided by bats that feed on insects and other arthropods, on nectar and pollen, and on fruit. Insectivorous species, largely feeding on airborn ...
... support and sustain both natural and human dominated ecosystems ranging from the simple to the complex. In this review, we describe the ecosystem services provided by bats that feed on insects and other arthropods, on nectar and pollen, and on fruit. Insectivorous species, largely feeding on airborn ...
Maintenance of leaf N controls the photosynthetic CO of free-air CO
... that a number of intrinsic physiological leaf traits, such as photosynthetic rates, specific leaf area (SLA) and foliar nitrogen, central to how species functional groups are depicted, also determine the response of species to elevated [CO2] (Woodward & Cramer, 1996; Lavorel et al., 1997). These key ...
... that a number of intrinsic physiological leaf traits, such as photosynthetic rates, specific leaf area (SLA) and foliar nitrogen, central to how species functional groups are depicted, also determine the response of species to elevated [CO2] (Woodward & Cramer, 1996; Lavorel et al., 1997). These key ...
Turbinaria ornata as an herbivory refuge for associate
... Abstract Habitat associations are an integral part of coral reef community structure. Commonly, one organism lives in such close association within or near another that a spatial refuge occurs, whereby one of the organisms provides protection to the other. This is often the result of defenses of the ...
... Abstract Habitat associations are an integral part of coral reef community structure. Commonly, one organism lives in such close association within or near another that a spatial refuge occurs, whereby one of the organisms provides protection to the other. This is often the result of defenses of the ...
Document
... complexes, which are not to be viewed as phylogenetic entities. Khromov (1998) suggested that five main stages could be seen in Sepiid radiation. One of the scenarios proposed by Khromov suggested that the Sepia sensu stricto forms (to which S. officinalis belongs) emerged in the Palaeogene (70 to 4 ...
... complexes, which are not to be viewed as phylogenetic entities. Khromov (1998) suggested that five main stages could be seen in Sepiid radiation. One of the scenarios proposed by Khromov suggested that the Sepia sensu stricto forms (to which S. officinalis belongs) emerged in the Palaeogene (70 to 4 ...
Fen and the Art of
... e management of prairie fens in Michigan and Indiana is critical to the biodiversity of this region. Th is plan provides strategic and operational guidance to land managers who are responsible for prairie fen complexes. Th e plan is a tool to help managers to: 1) maintain or increase the ...
... e management of prairie fens in Michigan and Indiana is critical to the biodiversity of this region. Th is plan provides strategic and operational guidance to land managers who are responsible for prairie fen complexes. Th e plan is a tool to help managers to: 1) maintain or increase the ...
Wytham publications - Bodleian Libraries
... Farm at Wytham. Ann.Rep.Ashmol.Mus. 1977-8, Pl.3, p.22. ASKEW,R.R. (1958). Harpiphorus lepidus Klug (Hym., Tenthredinidae) in Berkshire. Ent.Mon.Mag. 94:203. ASKEW,R.R. (1959). A revision of the British species of the genus Olynx Forster (Hym., Eulophidae). Ent.Mon.Mag. 95:49-57. ASKEW,R.R. (1959). ...
... Farm at Wytham. Ann.Rep.Ashmol.Mus. 1977-8, Pl.3, p.22. ASKEW,R.R. (1958). Harpiphorus lepidus Klug (Hym., Tenthredinidae) in Berkshire. Ent.Mon.Mag. 94:203. ASKEW,R.R. (1959). A revision of the British species of the genus Olynx Forster (Hym., Eulophidae). Ent.Mon.Mag. 95:49-57. ASKEW,R.R. (1959). ...
Freshwater ciliates as ecophysiological model organisms – lessons
... of asexual reproduction is, however, different between daphnids and planktonic ciliates. In the latter, cell division results in two new daughter cells, thus doubling the population number. In the former, the clutch size, i. e. the number of eggs in the brood chamber of the female Daphnia, may vary ...
... of asexual reproduction is, however, different between daphnids and planktonic ciliates. In the latter, cell division results in two new daughter cells, thus doubling the population number. In the former, the clutch size, i. e. the number of eggs in the brood chamber of the female Daphnia, may vary ...
Wytham publications - Bodleian Libraries
... CRAWLEY, M.J. & KREBS, J.R. (1992). Foraging theory. In : "Natural enemies: the pop. biol. of predators, parasites & diseases", ed. M.J. Crawley. CROWCROFT,P. (1951). Keeping British shrews in captivity. J.Mammal. 32:354-355. CROWCROFT,P. (1951). Live-trapping British shrews. J.Mammal. 32:355-356. C ...
... CRAWLEY, M.J. & KREBS, J.R. (1992). Foraging theory. In : "Natural enemies: the pop. biol. of predators, parasites & diseases", ed. M.J. Crawley. CROWCROFT,P. (1951). Keeping British shrews in captivity. J.Mammal. 32:354-355. CROWCROFT,P. (1951). Live-trapping British shrews. J.Mammal. 32:355-356. C ...
table of contents - North American Prairie Conference 2016
... experiment at sites across the region would be valuable for informing local land management decisions, and to investigate important factors in determining fire effects. Variations in soils, weather, climate, and plant species (including invasive plants) are hypothesized to be important predictors of ...
... experiment at sites across the region would be valuable for informing local land management decisions, and to investigate important factors in determining fire effects. Variations in soils, weather, climate, and plant species (including invasive plants) are hypothesized to be important predictors of ...
photic zone
... include many kinds of invertebrates. Some feed on detritus (dead organic matter), others are predators. Some live in the hyporheic zone — the substratum below and adjacent to the stream, where there is water movement from the stream or ...
... include many kinds of invertebrates. Some feed on detritus (dead organic matter), others are predators. Some live in the hyporheic zone — the substratum below and adjacent to the stream, where there is water movement from the stream or ...
Forest Diversity and Function
... resilience of these systems. The results of this activity have been chronicled, debated and summarized, as noted in this volume. This discourse has been colored, of course, by the kinds of information available. Unfortunately, there are few results from explicit experiments on the diversity/function ...
... resilience of these systems. The results of this activity have been chronicled, debated and summarized, as noted in this volume. This discourse has been colored, of course, by the kinds of information available. Unfortunately, there are few results from explicit experiments on the diversity/function ...
Effects of tree species diversity on insect herbivory
... It is generally believed that tree species growing in mixed forest stands are less susceptible to insect herbivore damage than if grown in monocultures, but previous studies have been largely observational and focussed mainly on tree species richness effects. In this thesis, I examined effects of th ...
... It is generally believed that tree species growing in mixed forest stands are less susceptible to insect herbivore damage than if grown in monocultures, but previous studies have been largely observational and focussed mainly on tree species richness effects. In this thesis, I examined effects of th ...
Community dynamics of ephemeral systems: food web
... concentration of playas, many other regions have similar habitats. One reason why these ecosystems have been studied less than similar habitats, such as the vernal pools of California, is their unpredictability. Many playas exist in quite arid regions, where rainfall patterns are highly isolated and ...
... concentration of playas, many other regions have similar habitats. One reason why these ecosystems have been studied less than similar habitats, such as the vernal pools of California, is their unpredictability. Many playas exist in quite arid regions, where rainfall patterns are highly isolated and ...
Ecological Risk Assessment of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon
... The Great Lakes have not been immune to the arrival of aquatic invasive species (AIS). As of 2016, there are over 180 non-native species reported in the Great Lakes basin (Figure 1; GLANSIS 2015). At least 69 non-native fish species have been introduced to the Great Lakes, half of which are consider ...
... The Great Lakes have not been immune to the arrival of aquatic invasive species (AIS). As of 2016, there are over 180 non-native species reported in the Great Lakes basin (Figure 1; GLANSIS 2015). At least 69 non-native fish species have been introduced to the Great Lakes, half of which are consider ...
BIOTIC INTERACTIONS WITHIN SANDY BEACH ECOSYSTEMS
... Marine Biology Research Group Campus Sterre – S8 Krijgslaan 281 B-9000 Gent Belgium ...
... Marine Biology Research Group Campus Sterre – S8 Krijgslaan 281 B-9000 Gent Belgium ...
Impact of global change on biodiversity and biogeochemical cycles
... & Cchristiane Werner (1)..................................................................................................................... 74 Functional diversity of Central European tree species – Traits, trade-offs and ecological groups ............... 75 Christoph Leuschner ................... ...
... & Cchristiane Werner (1)..................................................................................................................... 74 Functional diversity of Central European tree species – Traits, trade-offs and ecological groups ............... 75 Christoph Leuschner ................... ...
EFFECTS OF AN INVASIVE CONSUMER ON ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITIES ARE by
... termed “multiple stressor” interactions. Communities whose assemblage was dictated by disturbance, such as in areas of large, recurrent climatic events, could be dramatically altered by interactions between these historical disturbances and new anthropogenic disturbances. Paine et al. (1998) illust ...
... termed “multiple stressor” interactions. Communities whose assemblage was dictated by disturbance, such as in areas of large, recurrent climatic events, could be dramatically altered by interactions between these historical disturbances and new anthropogenic disturbances. Paine et al. (1998) illust ...
Direct and indirect effects of nutrients on
... ofbird predation (see Wootton, 1990). Limited data (see below) were also taken at an additional cliff site (Upright Head, 48 ° 33' N, 122 ° 53' W) and at several offshore island sites, three with birds (northeast and southwest sides of Whale Rocks [48 26' N, 122 ° 56' W]; Hall Island [48 ° 26' N, 12 ...
... ofbird predation (see Wootton, 1990). Limited data (see below) were also taken at an additional cliff site (Upright Head, 48 ° 33' N, 122 ° 53' W) and at several offshore island sites, three with birds (northeast and southwest sides of Whale Rocks [48 26' N, 122 ° 56' W]; Hall Island [48 ° 26' N, 12 ...
Ecological fitting
Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.