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Linkages in the Landscape
Linkages in the Landscape

... the focus is on the development of networks and systems of protected areas, so that the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem functions can be secured at the bioregional scale. Fifty years ago, protected areas were almost entirely a national responsibility; now many are seen as a concern at man ...
The Ecology and Population structure of the invasive Yellow Crazy
The Ecology and Population structure of the invasive Yellow Crazy

... supercolonies. The results suggest that this option of maintaining gene flow between different supercolonies is likely impaired by severe aggression of workers towards allocolonial sexuals. Moreover, breeding experiments involving males and queens from different supercolonies suggest that different ...
Paroo River Wetlands Ramsar site: Ecological character description
Paroo River Wetlands Ramsar site: Ecological character description

... affected other regulated rivers around the world and in the Murray–Darling Basin. While the alteration of natural flows is currently not foreseeable in the immediate future because of the Paroo River Agreement protecting river flows, there are three potential threats. The first is the for constructi ...
Mechanisms and mitigation of food web change in stream ecosystems
Mechanisms and mitigation of food web change in stream ecosystems

... stream food webs. Moreover, I found that eutrophic streams are largely composed of generalist consumers, which shi their diets to refocus on autochthonous resources with increasing productivity. Given that eutrophication causes food web resources to become more homogenous and was a primary driver o ...
impacts of climate change on biodiversity
impacts of climate change on biodiversity

... Australia and for managers of key natural assets such as protected areas. It is not only adding directly to more familiar risks such as habitat loss and degradation, invasive species and changes to fire regimes, but to the consequences of these threats themselves being affected by climate change. Th ...
Key Threatening Process Nomination Form
Key Threatening Process Nomination Form

... 3. Description of the threatening process that distinguishes it from any other threatening process, by reference to: (i) its biological and non-biological components; ...
DEPARTAMENT DE ZOOLOGIA BIODIVERSITY AND STRUCTURE OF PARASITE BOOPS BOOPS
DEPARTAMENT DE ZOOLOGIA BIODIVERSITY AND STRUCTURE OF PARASITE BOOPS BOOPS

... parasite faunas were diverse, comprising c. 30-50% of the parasites of B. boops throughout its distributional range, except in Valencia and Barcelona where faunal richness was notably lower. A characteristic feature of the parasite communities in B. boops was the high representation of parasites wit ...
ABSTRACT Title of Document:
ABSTRACT Title of Document:

... polymorphisms (AFLPs). The degree of genetic differentiation varied greatly among markers, suggesting that divergent natural selection drives aphid divergence in all geographic locations. Three of the same genetic markers were identified as evolving under divergent selection in the eastern and weste ...
11 Impact of weeds on threatened biodiversity in New South Wales
11 Impact of weeds on threatened biodiversity in New South Wales

... These schedules listed 945 threatened species, populations and ecological communities, as at January 1, 2005, that span a broad range of biodiversity (mammals, birds, fish, insects, plants). Throughout this report, unless otherwise stated, this collective list of threatened biodiversity is referred ...
Understanding broad-scale vegetation patterns Abst
Understanding broad-scale vegetation patterns Abst

... to biogeochemical cycling. In 2002, we called this the response-effect framework. Second, recent research has highlighted how plant functional traits impact biogeochemical cycling not only through plant-level processes, but also by driving interactions with other trophic levels including herbivores, ...
IMC 10 - SAREM
IMC 10 - SAREM

... of reductionist approaches. After its original definition, the term macroecology has taken different meanings. The two most commonly in use are (1) macroecology as the study of biodiversity patterns and processes at large spatial and long temporal scales, a sort of large-scale community ecology, and ...
3e7e74ff6a300aa8bfd7eda7ea882f59
3e7e74ff6a300aa8bfd7eda7ea882f59

... collaborators (Chapter 3) illustrate the increasing importance of ex situ conservation for insects – both in practical conservation and for advocacy – using examples from many different insect groups and from various parts of the world. Warren et al. (Chapter 4) examine the benefits gained from list ...
Long-Distance Dispersal of Plants
Long-Distance Dispersal of Plants

... Long-distance dispersal (LDD) of plants poses challenges to research because it involves rare events driven by complex and highly stochastic processes. The current surge of renewed interest in LDD, motivated by growing recognition of its critical importance for natural populations and communities an ...
Feeding-Induced Changes in Plant Quality Mediate Interspecific
Feeding-Induced Changes in Plant Quality Mediate Interspecific

... One may ask why P. marginata migrates from shared habitats when there are few apparent direct fitness costs to be paid for remaining in a habitat with P. dolus. The ...
Ecological Functions of Nearshore Hardbottom Habitats in East
Ecological Functions of Nearshore Hardbottom Habitats in East

... more turbulent shallow waters. However, the mechanism by which worms settle and survive in these habitats is via large-scale hydrodynamics that affect larval supply and various biotic/abiotic factors that affect juvenile mortality. It is likely (though it requires further investigation) that settlin ...
ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION AND SUSTAINABLE
ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION AND SUSTAINABLE

... It is a great honour for me to welcome in the name of the organizing committee, at the 7th European Conference in Ecological Restoration, placed under the auspices of the International Society of Ecological Restoration, chapter Europe. It is also a real pride for us to have been chosen to organize t ...
Ecological Effects of Allelopathic Plants – a Review
Ecological Effects of Allelopathic Plants – a Review

... The intention with this report is to discuss potential ecological effects of allelopathic plants with focus on crop species. Therefore, background information of specific relevance for the ecological risk assessment of future genetically modified plants with allelopathic traits is provided. Based on ...
2010 7th SER Conference of the Society for Ecological
2010 7th SER Conference of the Society for Ecological

... It is a great honour for me to welcome in the name of the organizing committee, at the 7th European Conference in Ecological Restoration, placed under the auspices of the International Society of Ecological Restoration, chapter Europe. It is also a real pride for us to have been chosen to organize t ...
Seagrass patch size affects fish responses to edges
Seagrass patch size affects fish responses to edges

... of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4222, Australia ...
The effects of landscape fragmentation on
The effects of landscape fragmentation on

... growing body of work reveals that it is negatively affected by anthropogenic disturbance. Landscape-scale disturbance results in two often inter-related processes: (1) habitat loss, (2) disruptions of habitat configuration (i.e. fragmentation). Understanding the relative effects of such processes is ...
Interspecific Competition Between Two Invasive Species of
Interspecific Competition Between Two Invasive Species of

... America. Furthermore, abiotic factors such as temperature ßuctuations and water chemistry are likely to differ, indicating that results from Þeld experiments in North America may not predict the outcomes of competition in Brazil, or any other area where the two species come into contact. Aside from ...
KATARINA OGANJAN Distribution, feeding and
KATARINA OGANJAN Distribution, feeding and

... direct gradients, e.g. water depth is a typical indirect variable in the aquatic systems. Finally, resources are directly consumed by organisms, e.g. nutrients. Moreover, it is often difficult to distinguish between the above-mentioned types of gradients when the same factor acts via different pathw ...
Temporal dynamics in non-additive responses of arthropods to host
Temporal dynamics in non-additive responses of arthropods to host

... Early season herbivores, such as galling insects, may differentiate between host-plant patches more readily than generalist herbivores (Bernays and Funk 1999), such as those that feed on flowers later in the season. Therefore, as arthropod community composition changes over the course of the growing ...
Micro-organisms behind the pollination scenes
Micro-organisms behind the pollination scenes

... as to eventually alter patterns of nectar variation at the community level. In other words, it is not known whether communitywide nectar variations in natural plant communities bear some discernible ‘yeast signature’ in addition to the variation generated by individual- and species-specific differen ...
FROGS AND TOADS OF UJUNG KULON
FROGS AND TOADS OF UJUNG KULON

... above sea level). The major part of the national park is covered by an intricate mosaic of almost treeless and thorny scrubland of secondary origin, by different types of mature semi-deciduous forest and by intermediates between these extremes. This mosaic is in fact an inheritance from one of the b ...
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Ecological fitting



Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.
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