Chapter 8 Cornell Notes
... variations in life within continents, not just between continents? ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ List 3-5 physical factors that can affect the life forms found on a continent. ...
... variations in life within continents, not just between continents? ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ List 3-5 physical factors that can affect the life forms found on a continent. ...
Adapt or disperse: understanding species persistence
... breeding dates can be attributed to phenotypic plasticity, whereas 13% was a result of genetic change in the population (Reale et al., 2003; Berteaux et al., 2004). This makes phenotypic plasticity a critical survival mechanism. Importantly, evolutionary and plastic responses to climate change are n ...
... breeding dates can be attributed to phenotypic plasticity, whereas 13% was a result of genetic change in the population (Reale et al., 2003; Berteaux et al., 2004). This makes phenotypic plasticity a critical survival mechanism. Importantly, evolutionary and plastic responses to climate change are n ...
pop-ecology - WordPress.com
... • Balance of nature and a climax community • Current view • Ever-changing mosaic of patches of vegetation • Mature late-successional ecosystems • State of continual disturbance and change ...
... • Balance of nature and a climax community • Current view • Ever-changing mosaic of patches of vegetation • Mature late-successional ecosystems • State of continual disturbance and change ...
Adapt or disperse: understanding species persistence in a changing
... breeding dates can be attributed to phenotypic plasticity, whereas 13% was a result of genetic change in the population (Reale et al., 2003; Berteaux et al., 2004). This makes phenotypic plasticity a critical survival mechanism. Importantly, evolutionary and plastic responses to climate change are n ...
... breeding dates can be attributed to phenotypic plasticity, whereas 13% was a result of genetic change in the population (Reale et al., 2003; Berteaux et al., 2004). This makes phenotypic plasticity a critical survival mechanism. Importantly, evolutionary and plastic responses to climate change are n ...
English - SciELO Costa Rica
... local or total species extinctions. Diversity indices combine the number of species (or species richness), an attribute of the community related to historical factors, and species abundance which is an attribute of the population determined by the reproductive potential and survival rates of each sp ...
... local or total species extinctions. Diversity indices combine the number of species (or species richness), an attribute of the community related to historical factors, and species abundance which is an attribute of the population determined by the reproductive potential and survival rates of each sp ...
Resource quantity, not resource heterogeneity, maintains plant
... community members (e.g. annuals) had been largely excluded. As in other plant communities (e.g. Bazzaz 1996; Pacala et al. 1996), this community exhibited no stable equilibrium prior to experimental treatments. As with species in other communities, the herbaceous species in this community undoubtedl ...
... community members (e.g. annuals) had been largely excluded. As in other plant communities (e.g. Bazzaz 1996; Pacala et al. 1996), this community exhibited no stable equilibrium prior to experimental treatments. As with species in other communities, the herbaceous species in this community undoubtedl ...
Niche and fitness differences relate the maintenance of
... hypothesis testing, while their absolute magnitudes should be interpreted more cautiously because ...
... hypothesis testing, while their absolute magnitudes should be interpreted more cautiously because ...
Coevolutionary Chase in Two-species Systems with Applications to
... Our first goal here is to formulate and study a general dynamical model describing coevolution of two haploid populations with two alleles at a single locus under weak linear symmetric frequencydependent selection. Our second goal is to study a class of specific models describing coevolutionary dyna ...
... Our first goal here is to formulate and study a general dynamical model describing coevolution of two haploid populations with two alleles at a single locus under weak linear symmetric frequencydependent selection. Our second goal is to study a class of specific models describing coevolutionary dyna ...
Habitat suitability modelling and niche theory
... the response curves of more than 1000 plants, found that long gradients and narrow niches increased the frequency of symmetric bell-shaped responses. Skewness, although slightly favoured by the optima for a species being near extremes of gradient, was rather uncommon. Interactions between variables ...
... the response curves of more than 1000 plants, found that long gradients and narrow niches increased the frequency of symmetric bell-shaped responses. Skewness, although slightly favoured by the optima for a species being near extremes of gradient, was rather uncommon. Interactions between variables ...
this PDF file
... complex and ascendant forms—a continuous natural evolution, development, or succession into higher unities culminating in consciousness. The Creation Research Institute, albeit a Christian think tank, has endorsed the principle of self-organizing evolutionary processes. “Once the creation was finish ...
... complex and ascendant forms—a continuous natural evolution, development, or succession into higher unities culminating in consciousness. The Creation Research Institute, albeit a Christian think tank, has endorsed the principle of self-organizing evolutionary processes. “Once the creation was finish ...
Modelling the ecology and evolution of communities
... stability debate (McCann, 2000). This debate ignited after Robert May (1973) used local stability analysis of random community matrices to challenge the popular notion that complexity implied stability (Odum, 1953, MacArthur, 1955; Elton, 1958). An important critique of May’s result was that natural ...
... stability debate (McCann, 2000). This debate ignited after Robert May (1973) used local stability analysis of random community matrices to challenge the popular notion that complexity implied stability (Odum, 1953, MacArthur, 1955; Elton, 1958). An important critique of May’s result was that natural ...
Ecology PowerPoint
... • For example, a bacteria’s habitat may be THE SOIL but its niche may be as a DECOMPOSER • You see, an organism’s niche is its ROLE, its occupation in a certain environment, if you will. An organism’s habitat is THE AREA WHERE AN ORGANISM LIVES or its ADDRESS • The biotic and abiotic factors determi ...
... • For example, a bacteria’s habitat may be THE SOIL but its niche may be as a DECOMPOSER • You see, an organism’s niche is its ROLE, its occupation in a certain environment, if you will. An organism’s habitat is THE AREA WHERE AN ORGANISM LIVES or its ADDRESS • The biotic and abiotic factors determi ...
A novel theory to explain species diversity in habitat suitability
... Although the model is developed for species that reproduce each generation (i.e. annuals), changing the model structure to incorporate species that can live for more than one generation should not alter the conclusions (Molofsky et al. 2002). In fact, having species remain for more than one generati ...
... Although the model is developed for species that reproduce each generation (i.e. annuals), changing the model structure to incorporate species that can live for more than one generation should not alter the conclusions (Molofsky et al. 2002). In fact, having species remain for more than one generati ...
The evolutionary consequences of biological
... history, the ecological shuffling associated with biological invasions is extraordinarily rapid and can be geographically widespread. Thus, in many cases both the native and introduced species must adapt quickly or risk extirpation. For example, when species are introduced to an environment that is ...
... history, the ecological shuffling associated with biological invasions is extraordinarily rapid and can be geographically widespread. Thus, in many cases both the native and introduced species must adapt quickly or risk extirpation. For example, when species are introduced to an environment that is ...
Chapter 52 An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere
... Why did the fungus suddenly thrive in the rainforest habitat? o Cloudier days and warmer nights associated with global warming appear to have created an environment ideal for its success. ...
... Why did the fungus suddenly thrive in the rainforest habitat? o Cloudier days and warmer nights associated with global warming appear to have created an environment ideal for its success. ...
Practical messages of the study
... after cutting can increase the amount of CWD and structural heterogeneity in the following generations. The remaining fine woody debris after cleaning and selection cutting could be very important for bryophyte vegetation. The occurrence of large logs is very important, their duration is longer, the ...
... after cutting can increase the amount of CWD and structural heterogeneity in the following generations. The remaining fine woody debris after cleaning and selection cutting could be very important for bryophyte vegetation. The occurrence of large logs is very important, their duration is longer, the ...
chapter 53 - Biology Junction
... Commensalism is an interaction that benefits one species but neither harms nor helps the other (+/0). Commensal interactions are difficult to document in nature because any close association between species likely affects both species, if only slightly. For example, “hitchhiking” species, such a ...
... Commensalism is an interaction that benefits one species but neither harms nor helps the other (+/0). Commensal interactions are difficult to document in nature because any close association between species likely affects both species, if only slightly. For example, “hitchhiking” species, such a ...
Functional responses in resource-based mutualisms: a time scale
... the resource provided by species 1, can be replaced by the abundance of species 1 (or some function of it). If the functional responses are considered phenomenologically that is not a problem, consumer-resource theory makes predictions using phenomenological relationships, like the Monod and Droop e ...
... the resource provided by species 1, can be replaced by the abundance of species 1 (or some function of it). If the functional responses are considered phenomenologically that is not a problem, consumer-resource theory makes predictions using phenomenological relationships, like the Monod and Droop e ...
Unit 1—Key Concepts - Oregon State University
... Course Web Site: On OSU Blackboard System Course Description: Ecological anthropology examines the relationship between humans and their environments. This course has two primary aims: 1) to provide a foundation of knowledge about past and present theoretical perspectives in ecological anthropology; ...
... Course Web Site: On OSU Blackboard System Course Description: Ecological anthropology examines the relationship between humans and their environments. This course has two primary aims: 1) to provide a foundation of knowledge about past and present theoretical perspectives in ecological anthropology; ...
Symbiotic ~ commensalisms
... • A parasite and its host evolve together. • The parasite adapts to its environment by living in and using the host in ways that harm it. • Hosts also develop ways of getting rid of or protecting themselves from parasites. • Ladybugs live on plants, eating the aphids and benefiting by getting food, ...
... • A parasite and its host evolve together. • The parasite adapts to its environment by living in and using the host in ways that harm it. • Hosts also develop ways of getting rid of or protecting themselves from parasites. • Ladybugs live on plants, eating the aphids and benefiting by getting food, ...
chapter 53
... Commensalism is an interaction that benefits one species but neither harms nor helps the other (+/0). Commensal interactions are difficult to document in nature because any close association between species likely affects both species, if only slightly. For example, “hitchhiking” species, such a ...
... Commensalism is an interaction that benefits one species but neither harms nor helps the other (+/0). Commensal interactions are difficult to document in nature because any close association between species likely affects both species, if only slightly. For example, “hitchhiking” species, such a ...
The potential role of large herbivores in nature
... be explained by processes described above. But species diversity seems to be highest at intermediate levels of plant biomass (Grime, 1979) and disturbance (Huston, 1979). Both conditions can be brought about by adjustment of the grazing level. Moderate grazing seems to have a mediating effect on com ...
... be explained by processes described above. But species diversity seems to be highest at intermediate levels of plant biomass (Grime, 1979) and disturbance (Huston, 1979). Both conditions can be brought about by adjustment of the grazing level. Moderate grazing seems to have a mediating effect on com ...
Stage proposal
... interaction level) of the diversity/ecosystem function relation (i.e. greater diversity provides higher productivity, better resistance to invasion and more efficient nutrient use). This study proposes to use the results of a novel experimental design and statistical modelling (RGRDConnolly & Wayne, ...
... interaction level) of the diversity/ecosystem function relation (i.e. greater diversity provides higher productivity, better resistance to invasion and more efficient nutrient use). This study proposes to use the results of a novel experimental design and statistical modelling (RGRDConnolly & Wayne, ...
Pre-seminar Discussion Paper
... Define the difference between individual, population, community, ecosystem and biosphere and the relationship between them ...
... Define the difference between individual, population, community, ecosystem and biosphere and the relationship between them ...
Ecological fitting
Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.