The effect of historical legacy on adaptation: do closely related
... (1986) found similar responses to selection for ethanol tolerance in replicate experimental ...
... (1986) found similar responses to selection for ethanol tolerance in replicate experimental ...
1 Chapter 6 Multiple Choice Questions Name: 1 1) 1 Zebra mussels
... A) They are likely to be keystone species. B) They are likely to be herbivores. C) They are likely to be producers. D) They include bacteria and fungi. E) Their removal increases biodiversity. Diff: 1 Objective: 6.3 Keystone species ...
... A) They are likely to be keystone species. B) They are likely to be herbivores. C) They are likely to be producers. D) They include bacteria and fungi. E) Their removal increases biodiversity. Diff: 1 Objective: 6.3 Keystone species ...
Historical changes in northeastern US bee
... specimens held by Cornell University to ensure that our data were independent from those used in a previous study of Bombus declines (7). The data used in our final analysis consisted of 30,138 specimens, collected by at least 1,550 different known collector teams (with 3,708 specimens being collecte ...
... specimens held by Cornell University to ensure that our data were independent from those used in a previous study of Bombus declines (7). The data used in our final analysis consisted of 30,138 specimens, collected by at least 1,550 different known collector teams (with 3,708 specimens being collecte ...
Ecosystem Evolution and Conservation
... between the indirect effect of predator removal and exotic predator introductions. If a predator has had a strong impact on herbivore abundance over evolutionary time scales, plants in these systems should have a low investment in defense against herbivory. This makes them vulnerable to increased he ...
... between the indirect effect of predator removal and exotic predator introductions. If a predator has had a strong impact on herbivore abundance over evolutionary time scales, plants in these systems should have a low investment in defense against herbivory. This makes them vulnerable to increased he ...
FUNCTIONAL TRAITS AND PLASTICITY OF PLANTS
... their function in a community and their fitness under different climatic conditions, and thus influence the expansion and selection of plants (in detail see Masarovicova et al [14]). One genotype can form different phenotypes in different environmental conditions. This fundamental attribute of all l ...
... their function in a community and their fitness under different climatic conditions, and thus influence the expansion and selection of plants (in detail see Masarovicova et al [14]). One genotype can form different phenotypes in different environmental conditions. This fundamental attribute of all l ...
Food Web Designer: a flexible tool to visualize interaction networks
... Over the past two decades, ecological networks, including trophic and non-trophic interactions between species, have been extensively used to understand which mechanisms drive complex communities and how this affects the functioning of ecosystems (Ings et al. 2009). This approach has also been incre ...
... Over the past two decades, ecological networks, including trophic and non-trophic interactions between species, have been extensively used to understand which mechanisms drive complex communities and how this affects the functioning of ecosystems (Ings et al. 2009). This approach has also been incre ...
Trans-Fly Complex - UNESCO World Heritage Centre
... comparison must be weighed carefully, because the Trans-Fly is located in an island, is of very recent origin (Pleistocene), and thus for these reasons alone ecological theory predicts lower diversity. Perhaps the most important aspect of the Trans-Fly is that it represents the only ecosystem of thi ...
... comparison must be weighed carefully, because the Trans-Fly is located in an island, is of very recent origin (Pleistocene), and thus for these reasons alone ecological theory predicts lower diversity. Perhaps the most important aspect of the Trans-Fly is that it represents the only ecosystem of thi ...
level demographic consequences of urbanization: an ecological
... the most connected species, they become the central nodes (Aizen, Morales & Morales 2008; Bartomeus, Vila & Santamaria 2008). Nestedness also may provide a buffer against secondary extinctions because if specialists are lost from a network, interactions among the remaining species will likely persis ...
... the most connected species, they become the central nodes (Aizen, Morales & Morales 2008; Bartomeus, Vila & Santamaria 2008). Nestedness also may provide a buffer against secondary extinctions because if specialists are lost from a network, interactions among the remaining species will likely persis ...
Landscape constraints on functional diversity of birds and insects in
... Population and community responses to ecological changes may be more easily detected in managed systems, allowing the identification of species traits associated with landscape changes. In this article, we identify two key landscape effects on functional biodiversity where research in tropical agricu ...
... Population and community responses to ecological changes may be more easily detected in managed systems, allowing the identification of species traits associated with landscape changes. In this article, we identify two key landscape effects on functional biodiversity where research in tropical agricu ...
Ziv 2000
... for the pattern is lacking. I modified the continuous-time logistic equation of population growth in two ways to allow for such a habitat-based theoretical framework. First, I separated birth rate from death rate. Second, I included two new terms in the equation: (1) an explicit spatial variable for ...
... for the pattern is lacking. I modified the continuous-time logistic equation of population growth in two ways to allow for such a habitat-based theoretical framework. First, I separated birth rate from death rate. Second, I included two new terms in the equation: (1) an explicit spatial variable for ...
Chapter 5 A Field Study of Interspecific Relationships
... Communities consist of all of the organisms in a particular area. Every organism occupies its own niche and has its own requirements for survival, many of which include interactions with other species in the community. Each species encounters many others and a variety of interactions can occur in a ...
... Communities consist of all of the organisms in a particular area. Every organism occupies its own niche and has its own requirements for survival, many of which include interactions with other species in the community. Each species encounters many others and a variety of interactions can occur in a ...
Extinction, Colonization, and Metapopulations: Environmental
... causing 100% mortality. Stochastic extinction from surviving habitat fragments is minor b.y comparison. The story is similar for population extinctions. Most extinctions of any but the smallest populations are determined by persistent changes in the local environm e n t (Harrison 1991; C.D. Thomas 1 ...
... causing 100% mortality. Stochastic extinction from surviving habitat fragments is minor b.y comparison. The story is similar for population extinctions. Most extinctions of any but the smallest populations are determined by persistent changes in the local environm e n t (Harrison 1991; C.D. Thomas 1 ...
Social Impacts of Mobile Technologies for Children
... I’ve thought often about those early naturalists. They had the best interests of nature at heart, with great love for the broad diversity of plants and animals. They believed in the “more is better” paradigm where it comes to nature. But what separates their actions from those of current environment ...
... I’ve thought often about those early naturalists. They had the best interests of nature at heart, with great love for the broad diversity of plants and animals. They believed in the “more is better” paradigm where it comes to nature. But what separates their actions from those of current environment ...
Patterns in the co-occurrence of fish species in streams: the role of
... Microscribe-3D digitizer (Immersion Corporation). For each species, 15 adult specimens varying in size were digitized three times, resulting in 45 configurations of landmarks within a species. Configurations were superimposed by the generalized least-squares Procrustes method (Rohlf and Slice 1990; ...
... Microscribe-3D digitizer (Immersion Corporation). For each species, 15 adult specimens varying in size were digitized three times, resulting in 45 configurations of landmarks within a species. Configurations were superimposed by the generalized least-squares Procrustes method (Rohlf and Slice 1990; ...
What are Rangelands?
... PASTURELAND is differentiated from rangeland by the fact that periodic cultivation is used to maintain introduced (nonnative) forage species, and agronomic inputs such as irrigation and fertilization are applied annually. All areas of the world that are not: Barren Desert Farmland Closed-Canop ...
... PASTURELAND is differentiated from rangeland by the fact that periodic cultivation is used to maintain introduced (nonnative) forage species, and agronomic inputs such as irrigation and fertilization are applied annually. All areas of the world that are not: Barren Desert Farmland Closed-Canop ...
Frequently Asked Questions About Ecological - CLU-IN
... public relations benefits. When the end use of a site is considered, those responsible should discuss all future use alternatives with the community, including ecological revitalization. The EPA Environmental Response Team (ERT) can assist in facilitating public outreach. Environmental Benefits: • ...
... public relations benefits. When the end use of a site is considered, those responsible should discuss all future use alternatives with the community, including ecological revitalization. The EPA Environmental Response Team (ERT) can assist in facilitating public outreach. Environmental Benefits: • ...
American Perceptions of Immigrant and Invasive Species
... since 1945. These are the periods when the volume of arrivals was the heaviest; between 1790 and the 1840s, numbers were trivial.13 During the second half of the nineteenth century, intercontinental transplantation of species was all the rage, a passion shared by private individuals, acclimatization ...
... since 1945. These are the periods when the volume of arrivals was the heaviest; between 1790 and the 1840s, numbers were trivial.13 During the second half of the nineteenth century, intercontinental transplantation of species was all the rage, a passion shared by private individuals, acclimatization ...
Works Cited
... between morphological traits and life histories and the environmental factors measured. The strongest environmental correlations were with disturbance as measured by a land management index (indicating land usage) and stress or habitat adversity as measured by elevation and vegetation structure. Ri ...
... between morphological traits and life histories and the environmental factors measured. The strongest environmental correlations were with disturbance as measured by a land management index (indicating land usage) and stress or habitat adversity as measured by elevation and vegetation structure. Ri ...
AP Biology Big Idea 1 part C
... The phylogenetic species concept defines a species as the smallest group of individuals on a phylogenetic tree It applies to sexual and asexual species, but it can be difficult to determine the degree of difference required for separate species ...
... The phylogenetic species concept defines a species as the smallest group of individuals on a phylogenetic tree It applies to sexual and asexual species, but it can be difficult to determine the degree of difference required for separate species ...
Ecology of Populations Student study guide
... B. Be able to explain how organisms react to changes either abiotic or biotic in their habitat and how these changes must fall within a range of tolerance before they can survive. (363365) C. Be able to explain the concept “niche” and contrast generalists and specialists. (365) D. Be able to explain ...
... B. Be able to explain how organisms react to changes either abiotic or biotic in their habitat and how these changes must fall within a range of tolerance before they can survive. (363365) C. Be able to explain the concept “niche” and contrast generalists and specialists. (365) D. Be able to explain ...
e. - Quia
... take place during succession in a southern Indiana forest studied from the time that it was abandoned until it is 100 years old. Do this below. ...
... take place during succession in a southern Indiana forest studied from the time that it was abandoned until it is 100 years old. Do this below. ...
Chapter 18 – Ecology of Organisms and Populations
... The fields of ecology and evolutionary biology are tightly linked. Although the word “ecology” had yet to be coined, Darwin noticed that organisms in various regions are usually well adapted for living in specific conditions and he suggested that interactions between organisms and their environments ...
... The fields of ecology and evolutionary biology are tightly linked. Although the word “ecology” had yet to be coined, Darwin noticed that organisms in various regions are usually well adapted for living in specific conditions and he suggested that interactions between organisms and their environments ...
Bizarre structures in dinosaurs: species recognition or sexual
... we should not be surprised to find a lack of evidence for directional morphological change in exaggerated characters evolving under sexual selection. The second test of the species recognition hypothesis proposed by Padian & Horner is that species with exaggerated traits should occur in sympatry wit ...
... we should not be surprised to find a lack of evidence for directional morphological change in exaggerated characters evolving under sexual selection. The second test of the species recognition hypothesis proposed by Padian & Horner is that species with exaggerated traits should occur in sympatry wit ...
Local Ecological Communities
... The persuasiveness of this argument depends on the idea that if the forces that affect a local population were to act independently of its size, it would be an amazing coincidence if abundance did not change over time. For very slight tendencies to increase or decrease result in crashes or plagues. ...
... The persuasiveness of this argument depends on the idea that if the forces that affect a local population were to act independently of its size, it would be an amazing coincidence if abundance did not change over time. For very slight tendencies to increase or decrease result in crashes or plagues. ...
Ecological fitting
Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.