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Biotic Globalization: Does Competition from Introduced Species
... spatially restricted environments such as islands and lakes. However, there are surprisingly few instances in which extinctions of resident species can be attributed to competition from new species. This suggests either that competition-driven extinctions take longer to occur than those caused by pr ...
... spatially restricted environments such as islands and lakes. However, there are surprisingly few instances in which extinctions of resident species can be attributed to competition from new species. This suggests either that competition-driven extinctions take longer to occur than those caused by pr ...
Ecology PowerPoint Lecture Notes
... • Ex. All of the catfish in Saguaro Lake. • Members of the same population compete for food, water, mates, & other resources (sunlight, ...
... • Ex. All of the catfish in Saguaro Lake. • Members of the same population compete for food, water, mates, & other resources (sunlight, ...
CHAPTER 4. Ecology: Distribution and Abundance What is known of
... Park’s (1972b) model of the origin of microorganisms in an aquatic system has been termed “cyclic” by Dick (1976), but it seems no more cyclic than Dick’s (1971c) own hypothetical model. According to Park, the members of the aquatic microbiota originate either as indwellers or immigrants. The former ...
... Park’s (1972b) model of the origin of microorganisms in an aquatic system has been termed “cyclic” by Dick (1976), but it seems no more cyclic than Dick’s (1971c) own hypothetical model. According to Park, the members of the aquatic microbiota originate either as indwellers or immigrants. The former ...
VonHolle_Simberloff_2005 - UCF College of Sciences
... Ecological resistance.—We compared the influence of abiotic, biotic, and propagule pressure variables on the invasion success of transplanted invaders by plant origin (native, nonnative). We performed multiple regressions of percentage survival of invaders by origin (native, nonnative) within each p ...
... Ecological resistance.—We compared the influence of abiotic, biotic, and propagule pressure variables on the invasion success of transplanted invaders by plant origin (native, nonnative). We performed multiple regressions of percentage survival of invaders by origin (native, nonnative) within each p ...
Principles of Ecology
... What is the difference between abiotic factors and biotic factors? What are the interactions between the levels of biological communities? What is the difference between an organism’s habitat and its niche? ...
... What is the difference between abiotic factors and biotic factors? What are the interactions between the levels of biological communities? What is the difference between an organism’s habitat and its niche? ...
Emergence and maintenance of biodiversity in an evolutionary food
... diversity. Although these approaches are useful, they cannot account for the effects of species abundances or interaction strengths on community-level properties, nor can they describe the dynamical properties of food webs. For these reasons, several food-web models have been constructed that incorp ...
... diversity. Although these approaches are useful, they cannot account for the effects of species abundances or interaction strengths on community-level properties, nor can they describe the dynamical properties of food webs. For these reasons, several food-web models have been constructed that incorp ...
The metacommunity concept
... ideas that come from the study of metapopulations. In this paper, we restrict ourselves only to metacommunity definitions that consider space implicitly and not explicitly (e.g. spatially explicit models where the location of individuals is tracked). We recognize, however, that there are some import ...
... ideas that come from the study of metapopulations. In this paper, we restrict ourselves only to metacommunity definitions that consider space implicitly and not explicitly (e.g. spatially explicit models where the location of individuals is tracked). We recognize, however, that there are some import ...
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... single species studies. Such results also imply that the levels of CO2 -induced acidification predicted to occur within the next 50–100 years (pH≈−0.2 to −0.4 units, Caldeira and Wickett, 2003) would at the very least cause severe reductions in larval survivorship, and quite possibly the complete er ...
... single species studies. Such results also imply that the levels of CO2 -induced acidification predicted to occur within the next 50–100 years (pH≈−0.2 to −0.4 units, Caldeira and Wickett, 2003) would at the very least cause severe reductions in larval survivorship, and quite possibly the complete er ...
Leibold et al. 2004
... ideas that come from the study of metapopulations. In this paper, we restrict ourselves only to metacommunity definitions that consider space implicitly and not explicitly (e.g. spatially explicit models where the location of individuals is tracked). We recognize, however, that there are some import ...
... ideas that come from the study of metapopulations. In this paper, we restrict ourselves only to metacommunity definitions that consider space implicitly and not explicitly (e.g. spatially explicit models where the location of individuals is tracked). We recognize, however, that there are some import ...
The architecture of mutualistic networks minimizes competition and
... Furthermore, we show that a nested network will naturally emerge if new species are more likely to enter the community where they have minimal competitive load. Nested networks seem to occur in many biological and social contexts12–14, suggesting that our results are relevant in a wide range of fiel ...
... Furthermore, we show that a nested network will naturally emerge if new species are more likely to enter the community where they have minimal competitive load. Nested networks seem to occur in many biological and social contexts12–14, suggesting that our results are relevant in a wide range of fiel ...
Criticality and unpredictability in macroevolution
... The system slowly evolves to an ‘‘attractor’’ characterized by a randomly connected network. In this state, small changes of strengh 1/N can modify the sign of f T , and an extinction event may take place. In the limit N→`, only when the entropy is maximal @ H max52ln( 21 )# is it possible to find t ...
... The system slowly evolves to an ‘‘attractor’’ characterized by a randomly connected network. In this state, small changes of strengh 1/N can modify the sign of f T , and an extinction event may take place. In the limit N→`, only when the entropy is maximal @ H max52ln( 21 )# is it possible to find t ...
invasional meltdown - UCF College of Sciences
... of “biotic resistance” to invasion, whereby negative interactions such as predation, parasitism, and competition with native species act to resist the invasion of nonnative species into communities. This hypothesis was in line with the reigning paradigm at the time that negative interactions were th ...
... of “biotic resistance” to invasion, whereby negative interactions such as predation, parasitism, and competition with native species act to resist the invasion of nonnative species into communities. This hypothesis was in line with the reigning paradigm at the time that negative interactions were th ...
File
... resources, one species will be better suited to the niche and the other species will either be pushed into another niche or become extinct 4. one competitor is pushed out of a niche by another competitor, niche partitioning (resources are divided among competitors), evolutionary response (divergent ...
... resources, one species will be better suited to the niche and the other species will either be pushed into another niche or become extinct 4. one competitor is pushed out of a niche by another competitor, niche partitioning (resources are divided among competitors), evolutionary response (divergent ...
Different but equal: the implausible assumption at the heart of
... continuum (Ellison 2004). Outside of a formal Bayesian framework, we can rather ask: if the current empirical evidence does not strongly distinguish between neutrality and niches, do we have any a priori reason for preferring one hypothesis over the other? It has been argued that in the absence of s ...
... continuum (Ellison 2004). Outside of a formal Bayesian framework, we can rather ask: if the current empirical evidence does not strongly distinguish between neutrality and niches, do we have any a priori reason for preferring one hypothesis over the other? It has been argued that in the absence of s ...
The Ecological Impacts of Non-Native Species on River Otter
... The aforementioned studies have shown the different impacts and interactions that non-native species can have with river otter assemblages in parts of North America and in Europe. While the effects of invading or non-native species can be observed, it is difficult to predict the impact such disturba ...
... The aforementioned studies have shown the different impacts and interactions that non-native species can have with river otter assemblages in parts of North America and in Europe. While the effects of invading or non-native species can be observed, it is difficult to predict the impact such disturba ...
Prediction of bird community composition based on point
... from results can maximized. Although error in our predictions was non-trivial, additional testing under diverse conditions combined with more robust inventory data may produce a methodology that has the necessary predictive ability. An additional theoretical implication also arises. To the extent th ...
... from results can maximized. Although error in our predictions was non-trivial, additional testing under diverse conditions combined with more robust inventory data may produce a methodology that has the necessary predictive ability. An additional theoretical implication also arises. To the extent th ...
ecological community - Department of the Environment
... The EPBC Act is Australia’s national environment law and threatened ecological communities, listed under the Act, are one of several ‘matters of national environmental significance’. Therefore when considering the nomination of national ecological communities it is important to consider that the foc ...
... The EPBC Act is Australia’s national environment law and threatened ecological communities, listed under the Act, are one of several ‘matters of national environmental significance’. Therefore when considering the nomination of national ecological communities it is important to consider that the foc ...
Why intraspecific trait variation matters in community ecology
... others are generalists. Owing to this diet variation, individual otters differ in energetic income and pathogen exposure [7]. The proximate mechanisms underlying such diet variation can be complex. In sea otters, foraging is a learned ...
... others are generalists. Owing to this diet variation, individual otters differ in energetic income and pathogen exposure [7]. The proximate mechanisms underlying such diet variation can be complex. In sea otters, foraging is a learned ...
Ecology glossary
... species contribute reciprocally to the forces of natural selection that they exert on each other, e.g. parasites and their hosts. Coexistence The living together of two species (or organisms) in the same habitat, such that neither tends to be eliminated by the other. This begs lots of questions abou ...
... species contribute reciprocally to the forces of natural selection that they exert on each other, e.g. parasites and their hosts. Coexistence The living together of two species (or organisms) in the same habitat, such that neither tends to be eliminated by the other. This begs lots of questions abou ...
chapter 50 - TeacherWeb
... Why did the fungus suddenly thrive in the rainforest habitat? o Cloudier days and warmer nights associated with global warming appear to have created an environment ideal for its success. ...
... Why did the fungus suddenly thrive in the rainforest habitat? o Cloudier days and warmer nights associated with global warming appear to have created an environment ideal for its success. ...
Ch52 Lecture notes
... Why did the fungus suddenly thrive in the rainforest habitat? o Cloudier days and warmer nights associated with global warming appear to have created an environment ideal for its success. ...
... Why did the fungus suddenly thrive in the rainforest habitat? o Cloudier days and warmer nights associated with global warming appear to have created an environment ideal for its success. ...
Lethal Interactions Between Parasites and Prey Increase Niche
... two plant species at this single site in Peru, we found 14 fly species (all Blepharoneura) and 18 parasitoid species (18) (figs. S1 to S7). Most parasitoids were braconid wasps in the subfamily Opiinae (17 species): 14 Bellopius species (n = 199 individuals), two Thiemanastrepha species (n = 50), an ...
... two plant species at this single site in Peru, we found 14 fly species (all Blepharoneura) and 18 parasitoid species (18) (figs. S1 to S7). Most parasitoids were braconid wasps in the subfamily Opiinae (17 species): 14 Bellopius species (n = 199 individuals), two Thiemanastrepha species (n = 50), an ...
- Wiley Online Library
... molecular, physiological and imaging-based tools. Macroecologists will tackle problems pertaining to the temporal turnover of microbial communities and diversity. Owing to their capacity for rapid evolution, it may be possible for scientists to consider and test questions related to macroevolutionar ...
... molecular, physiological and imaging-based tools. Macroecologists will tackle problems pertaining to the temporal turnover of microbial communities and diversity. Owing to their capacity for rapid evolution, it may be possible for scientists to consider and test questions related to macroevolutionar ...
ECONOMIC DRIVERS OF BIOLOGICAL
... and Chao, 1999, Weyl et al., 2010], one can ask if there is an biological analogy of these economic concepts that could bootstrap systemic large-scale cooperation in nature. Analogies are an integral tool in scientific explanation, and allow us to make inferences when two phenomena have parallel me ...
... and Chao, 1999, Weyl et al., 2010], one can ask if there is an biological analogy of these economic concepts that could bootstrap systemic large-scale cooperation in nature. Analogies are an integral tool in scientific explanation, and allow us to make inferences when two phenomena have parallel me ...
Ecological fitting
![](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Colorado_potato_beetle.jpg?width=300)
Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.