Emerging directions in the study of the ecology and evolution of
... habitat loss, and found that real communities started to decay sooner than random communities, although they persisted better at high levels of destruction. Pollination network field research also demonstrated that habitat loss not only leads to species loss, but also indirectly causes the reorganiz ...
... habitat loss, and found that real communities started to decay sooner than random communities, although they persisted better at high levels of destruction. Pollination network field research also demonstrated that habitat loss not only leads to species loss, but also indirectly causes the reorganiz ...
Vegetation change: a reunifying concept in plant ecology ARTICLE IN PRESS
... broader conceptual context to research and write their papers. Or, the reverse could be true; authors might tend to characterize their papers as being quite broad in their scope and significance, while they actually rely on quite a narrow body of literature to conceive and write them. To assess the d ...
... broader conceptual context to research and write their papers. Or, the reverse could be true; authors might tend to characterize their papers as being quite broad in their scope and significance, while they actually rely on quite a narrow body of literature to conceive and write them. To assess the d ...
paper - Jordi Bascompte
... been shown theoretically30,31 that interaction plasticity increases persistence. We do not know, however, if interaction plasticity is constant across sites. Therefore, we decided not to consider diet shifts and to use a model that is more grounded in the food web modelling tradition. Also, although ...
... been shown theoretically30,31 that interaction plasticity increases persistence. We do not know, however, if interaction plasticity is constant across sites. Therefore, we decided not to consider diet shifts and to use a model that is more grounded in the food web modelling tradition. Also, although ...
Invasion, disturbance, and competition: modeling the fate of coastal
... of computer simulations of freshwater marsh, invasive iris populations excluded the native species within 50 years, whereas native populations excluded the invasive species in 99% of the simulations in brackish marsh. The occurrence of hurricanes allowed the species to coexist, and species persisten ...
... of computer simulations of freshwater marsh, invasive iris populations excluded the native species within 50 years, whereas native populations excluded the invasive species in 99% of the simulations in brackish marsh. The occurrence of hurricanes allowed the species to coexist, and species persisten ...
Evolution_Review_Activity
... just evolve what they need to survive. Correction: Humans can, and are currently causing negative effects on ecosystems and the species within it. Some species may posses traits which would actually allow them to thrive when facing environmental changes and would be selected for. However, other spec ...
... just evolve what they need to survive. Correction: Humans can, and are currently causing negative effects on ecosystems and the species within it. Some species may posses traits which would actually allow them to thrive when facing environmental changes and would be selected for. However, other spec ...
Species extinctions in food webs – local and regional processes Anna Eklöf
... Loss of biodiversity is one of the most severe threats to the ecosystems of the world. The major causes behind the high population and species extinction rates are anthropogenic activities such as overharvesting of natural populations, pollution, climate change and destruction and fragmentation of n ...
... Loss of biodiversity is one of the most severe threats to the ecosystems of the world. The major causes behind the high population and species extinction rates are anthropogenic activities such as overharvesting of natural populations, pollution, climate change and destruction and fragmentation of n ...
Andrews Forest LTER Biodiversity Research - lterdev
... Numerous aquatic diversity studies have been conducted, examining different trophic groups such as fish, insects, algae (Gregory et al. 1989, Gregory and Wildman 1994). Lamberti et al. (1991) provide a description of aquatic succession of insect and algal communities following a debris flow using pe ...
... Numerous aquatic diversity studies have been conducted, examining different trophic groups such as fish, insects, algae (Gregory et al. 1989, Gregory and Wildman 1994). Lamberti et al. (1991) provide a description of aquatic succession of insect and algal communities following a debris flow using pe ...
Community Ecology (Bio 3TT3) - McMaster Department of Biology
... However, in areas of high lion density, a species that strongly competes with leopards and kills them whenever possible, leopards limit their hunting to the night. Thus their temporal dimension for hunting is much smaller than their behavioral abilities permit. Furthermore, a species may easily disp ...
... However, in areas of high lion density, a species that strongly competes with leopards and kills them whenever possible, leopards limit their hunting to the night. Thus their temporal dimension for hunting is much smaller than their behavioral abilities permit. Furthermore, a species may easily disp ...
Schiel—Algal interactions on subtidal reefs
... recruitment to the substratum below; second, the seasonality of spore release and availability of free space; and third, the demographic characteristics of species and their influence on recruitment. Adult canopies suppress recruitment of all species. Both repro-duction and recruitment are seasonal ...
... recruitment to the substratum below; second, the seasonality of spore release and availability of free space; and third, the demographic characteristics of species and their influence on recruitment. Adult canopies suppress recruitment of all species. Both repro-duction and recruitment are seasonal ...
PDF - Revista Chilena de Historia Natural
... natural vegetation and large vertebrate assemblages, along with a low human population density (Mittermeier et al. 2002). However, these peculiar conditions may be threatened by the large number of invasive species introduced into the area by humans (Lizarralde & Escobar 2000, Jaksic et al. 2002, An ...
... natural vegetation and large vertebrate assemblages, along with a low human population density (Mittermeier et al. 2002). However, these peculiar conditions may be threatened by the large number of invasive species introduced into the area by humans (Lizarralde & Escobar 2000, Jaksic et al. 2002, An ...
Interspecific Competition Outline Intraspecific competition = density
... Competition: use or defense of a limiting resource by one individual that reduces the availability of that resource to another individual if individuals are of same species: intraspecific competition if individuals are of different species: interspecific competition Limiting resource: a resource who ...
... Competition: use or defense of a limiting resource by one individual that reduces the availability of that resource to another individual if individuals are of same species: intraspecific competition if individuals are of different species: interspecific competition Limiting resource: a resource who ...
- Wiley Online Library
... relatives experience greater competition than distant relatives has become known as the ‘‘competitionrelatedness hypothesis (CRH).’’ The CRH is predicated on the assumption that closely related species are more likely to have similar resource requirements than distant relatives, and thus, compete mo ...
... relatives experience greater competition than distant relatives has become known as the ‘‘competitionrelatedness hypothesis (CRH).’’ The CRH is predicated on the assumption that closely related species are more likely to have similar resource requirements than distant relatives, and thus, compete mo ...
Cunningham et al - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... Cushing,, C. E. and J. David Allan. 2001. Streams: Their Ecology and Life. New York: Academic Press. An illustrated field book to the plants and animals of freshwater streams. Daily, Gretchen, ed. 1997. Nature's Services: Societal Dependence on Natural Ecosystems. Island Press. Brings together world ...
... Cushing,, C. E. and J. David Allan. 2001. Streams: Their Ecology and Life. New York: Academic Press. An illustrated field book to the plants and animals of freshwater streams. Daily, Gretchen, ed. 1997. Nature's Services: Societal Dependence on Natural Ecosystems. Island Press. Brings together world ...
i1905e01
... exerted on it, and the individuals mostly affected by the adverse environmental factors will be removed from the population. Conversely, individuals with favourable traits will survive and show a higher rate of reproduction (see also chapter 3). This, of course, can be extended up to the species lev ...
... exerted on it, and the individuals mostly affected by the adverse environmental factors will be removed from the population. Conversely, individuals with favourable traits will survive and show a higher rate of reproduction (see also chapter 3). This, of course, can be extended up to the species lev ...
Biodiversity Outcomes Framework
... territories also have their own biodiversity strategies. The biodiversity outcomes framework complements and builds on that work. It will be used to identify and link current and future priorities, to engage Canadians in planning and implementation and to report on progress. ...
... territories also have their own biodiversity strategies. The biodiversity outcomes framework complements and builds on that work. It will be used to identify and link current and future priorities, to engage Canadians in planning and implementation and to report on progress. ...
Behavioral Resource Partitioning among Rana Species in
... area. A thorough understanding of the means through which closely related species partition limited resources in their ecosystem is therefore essential to conservation ecology. In this study, we examined sympatric species within the genus Rana, the true frogs, to test the hypothesis that adults of d ...
... area. A thorough understanding of the means through which closely related species partition limited resources in their ecosystem is therefore essential to conservation ecology. In this study, we examined sympatric species within the genus Rana, the true frogs, to test the hypothesis that adults of d ...
Succession Review - LACOE Moodle Sites
... of a community. There are also changes in species diversity, stability of the ecosystem, and in gross and net production until a climax community is reached. ...
... of a community. There are also changes in species diversity, stability of the ecosystem, and in gross and net production until a climax community is reached. ...
Restoration of tropical dry forests in Hawaii
... diversity of native species from damage by nonnative ungulate and human disturbances (Figure 2). The lower, larger (25 hectares or 61 acres) parcel at Kaupulehu still has some relatively diverse stands of native canopy trees within the higher elevation sections, but tree density steadily declines wi ...
... diversity of native species from damage by nonnative ungulate and human disturbances (Figure 2). The lower, larger (25 hectares or 61 acres) parcel at Kaupulehu still has some relatively diverse stands of native canopy trees within the higher elevation sections, but tree density steadily declines wi ...
Restoration of tropical dry forests in Hawaii: Can
... diversity of native species from damage by nonnative ungulate and human disturbances (Figure 2). The lower, larger (25 hectares or 61 acres) parcel at Kaupulehu still has some relatively diverse stands of native canopy trees within the higher elevation sections, but tree density steadily declines wi ...
... diversity of native species from damage by nonnative ungulate and human disturbances (Figure 2). The lower, larger (25 hectares or 61 acres) parcel at Kaupulehu still has some relatively diverse stands of native canopy trees within the higher elevation sections, but tree density steadily declines wi ...
The diversity–stability debate
... The relationship between diversity and stability has fascinated ecologists. Before the 1970s, ecologists believed that more diverse communities enhanced ecosystem stability7–9. A strong proponent of this view was Charles Elton8, who argued that “simple communities were more easily upset than that of ...
... The relationship between diversity and stability has fascinated ecologists. Before the 1970s, ecologists believed that more diverse communities enhanced ecosystem stability7–9. A strong proponent of this view was Charles Elton8, who argued that “simple communities were more easily upset than that of ...
Large Species Shifts Triggered by Small Forces
... communities can usually be assembled (fig. 2). These alternative communities are stable in the sense that they are resistant to small immigration (in our model the inflow u) by other species from the pool. Although most communities are stationary equilibria, others take the form of complex cyclic at ...
... communities can usually be assembled (fig. 2). These alternative communities are stable in the sense that they are resistant to small immigration (in our model the inflow u) by other species from the pool. Although most communities are stationary equilibria, others take the form of complex cyclic at ...
A species definition for the Modern Synthesis
... explanation on a morphological description. Ideally, we should use the neutral term 'resemblance' for the similarity, and then test whether mimicry is a satisfactory explanation in each case. This logical tangle may be unimportant in mimicry because, for many cases of close visual similarity, mimicr ...
... explanation on a morphological description. Ideally, we should use the neutral term 'resemblance' for the similarity, and then test whether mimicry is a satisfactory explanation in each case. This logical tangle may be unimportant in mimicry because, for many cases of close visual similarity, mimicr ...
PREDATOR IDENTITY AND ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS
... Although grouping species has aided in the development of theory, the overall validity of the approach is essentially an empirical question: How similar are species within a trophic level in their effect on population, community, and ecosystem processes? Experiments designed to measure and compare t ...
... Although grouping species has aided in the development of theory, the overall validity of the approach is essentially an empirical question: How similar are species within a trophic level in their effect on population, community, and ecosystem processes? Experiments designed to measure and compare t ...
video slide - Course
... • Symbiosis is a dependency relationship where two or more species live in direct and intimate contact with one another. The relationship is generally based one or some combination of the following benefits: • Nutrition (food, water) • Protection • Reproduction Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, In ...
... • Symbiosis is a dependency relationship where two or more species live in direct and intimate contact with one another. The relationship is generally based one or some combination of the following benefits: • Nutrition (food, water) • Protection • Reproduction Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, In ...
Ecological fitting
Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.