!["Methods of Speciation in Tropical Reef Fish," Rollins](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/001973665_1-0e4094f3ba58db47cbefa1fab06d4780-300x300.png)
"Methods of Speciation in Tropical Reef Fish," Rollins
... It is difficult to differentiate between speciation events that have occurred allopatrically as opposed to sympatrically and research is currently being conducted to determine how and when similar species have diverged from ancestral populations. In addition, one of the most prevalent issues related ...
... It is difficult to differentiate between speciation events that have occurred allopatrically as opposed to sympatrically and research is currently being conducted to determine how and when similar species have diverged from ancestral populations. In addition, one of the most prevalent issues related ...
Predicting ecosystem stability from community
... through reiuei(t), where r2ei is the environmental variance, and uei(t) are normal variables with zero mean and unit variance that are independent through time (white noise) but may be correlated between species (e.g. a good year for one species may be good for another species as well). Demographic ...
... through reiuei(t), where r2ei is the environmental variance, and uei(t) are normal variables with zero mean and unit variance that are independent through time (white noise) but may be correlated between species (e.g. a good year for one species may be good for another species as well). Demographic ...
Species Selection: Theory and Data
... level, organismic attributes such as body size or metabolic rate can promote broad-sense species selection as readily as species-level attributes such as geographic range or genetic population structure (emergent traits; see below). The key requirements are that (a) a trait exhibits little or no var ...
... level, organismic attributes such as body size or metabolic rate can promote broad-sense species selection as readily as species-level attributes such as geographic range or genetic population structure (emergent traits; see below). The key requirements are that (a) a trait exhibits little or no var ...
Assessing the likely effectiveness of multispecies overlap analysis
... concept, in which habitat conservation for one wideranging species is assumed to protect habitat for species with narrower habitats (Roberge & Angelstam 2004), and the focal or surrogate species concept, in which the most sensitive species to a particular threat are used to manage the threat for co- ...
... concept, in which habitat conservation for one wideranging species is assumed to protect habitat for species with narrower habitats (Roberge & Angelstam 2004), and the focal or surrogate species concept, in which the most sensitive species to a particular threat are used to manage the threat for co- ...
Relationships Option 2
... Symbiotic Relationships, Predation and Competition SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS: Organisms living together resulting in at least one of them benefitting from the other. How are these organisms interacting with each other? ...
... Symbiotic Relationships, Predation and Competition SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS: Organisms living together resulting in at least one of them benefitting from the other. How are these organisms interacting with each other? ...
- ResearchOnline@JCU
... settlement-stage larvae have been observed to occasionally re-enter the pelagic environment following interactions with predators on reefs (Leis and McCormick 2002). However, once settled, there is little evidence that recruits reenter pelagic environments (Kaufman et al. 1992, Holbrook and Schmitt ...
... settlement-stage larvae have been observed to occasionally re-enter the pelagic environment following interactions with predators on reefs (Leis and McCormick 2002). However, once settled, there is little evidence that recruits reenter pelagic environments (Kaufman et al. 1992, Holbrook and Schmitt ...
Year-to-year variation in plant competition in a mountain grassland
... effect of the change of averages of specific climatic variables; this may predict change of species composition under different climate scenarios, but does not assess the role of climatic variation itself for species coexistence. Recent analyses indicate that climatic variation may also be subject t ...
... effect of the change of averages of specific climatic variables; this may predict change of species composition under different climate scenarios, but does not assess the role of climatic variation itself for species coexistence. Recent analyses indicate that climatic variation may also be subject t ...
Increased Floral Divergence in Sympatric Monkeyflowers
... The morphological differences between closely related species and their geographic distributions provide a window into the process of speciation and divergence. Recently diverged sister species with no overlap in their geographic ranges suggests allopatric speciation without secondary contact, a pro ...
... The morphological differences between closely related species and their geographic distributions provide a window into the process of speciation and divergence. Recently diverged sister species with no overlap in their geographic ranges suggests allopatric speciation without secondary contact, a pro ...
Succession: A Closer Look
... successional changes. For example, The Resource Ratio Hypothesis, proposed by David Tilman (1985), models successional shifts in plant communities based on the assumption that succession is driven by a tradeoff in competition for nutrients in early succession, and for light in late succession. Other ...
... successional changes. For example, The Resource Ratio Hypothesis, proposed by David Tilman (1985), models successional shifts in plant communities based on the assumption that succession is driven by a tradeoff in competition for nutrients in early succession, and for light in late succession. Other ...
Quantifying the Contribution of Organisms to the Provision of
... single species to multispecies functional groups and ecological communities. The application of the conceptual framework, which is illustrated in the following case studies, relies on linking the most appropriate organizational level with a given service (or services). For example, species populatio ...
... single species to multispecies functional groups and ecological communities. The application of the conceptual framework, which is illustrated in the following case studies, relies on linking the most appropriate organizational level with a given service (or services). For example, species populatio ...
ap biology summer assignment 2014
... 4. Explain the impact of immigration and emigration on population density. (To avoid confusion between these two terms, it might help to use this memory trick: immigration is the movement into a population, while emigration is the exiting of individuals from a population.) ...
... 4. Explain the impact of immigration and emigration on population density. (To avoid confusion between these two terms, it might help to use this memory trick: immigration is the movement into a population, while emigration is the exiting of individuals from a population.) ...
Soft-sediment benthic community structure in a coral reef lagoon
... abundance values were averaged across space including only non-zero counts. Exclusion of sites not actually occupied by a species from the total pool avoids artefactual deflation of mean density estimates (Lacy & Bock 1986). Labelling of species restricted to a single site ('uniques') and species re ...
... abundance values were averaged across space including only non-zero counts. Exclusion of sites not actually occupied by a species from the total pool avoids artefactual deflation of mean density estimates (Lacy & Bock 1986). Labelling of species restricted to a single site ('uniques') and species re ...
Phylogenetic distance can predict susceptibility
... assuming a nonlinear increase in interaction strength with relatedness show promise for broader application. ...
... assuming a nonlinear increase in interaction strength with relatedness show promise for broader application. ...
AP BIOLOGY SUMMER ASSIGNMENT 2015 The AP curriculum is
... 4. Explain the impact of immigration and emigration on population density. (To avoid confusion between these two terms, it might help to use this memory trick: immigration is the movement into a population, while emigration is the exiting of individuals from a population.) ...
... 4. Explain the impact of immigration and emigration on population density. (To avoid confusion between these two terms, it might help to use this memory trick: immigration is the movement into a population, while emigration is the exiting of individuals from a population.) ...
AP BIOLOGY SUMMER ASSIGNMENT 2016 The AP curriculum is
... 4. Explain the impact of immigration and emigration on population density. (To avoid confusion between these two terms, it might help to use this memory trick: immigration is the movement into a population, while emigration is the exiting of individuals from a population.) ...
... 4. Explain the impact of immigration and emigration on population density. (To avoid confusion between these two terms, it might help to use this memory trick: immigration is the movement into a population, while emigration is the exiting of individuals from a population.) ...
article in press
... In the history of the United States, approximately 50,000 alien-invasive (nonnative) species are estimated to have been introduced into the United States. Introduced species, such as corn, wheat, rice, and other food crops, and cattle, poultry, and other livestock, now provide more than 98% of the U ...
... In the history of the United States, approximately 50,000 alien-invasive (nonnative) species are estimated to have been introduced into the United States. Introduced species, such as corn, wheat, rice, and other food crops, and cattle, poultry, and other livestock, now provide more than 98% of the U ...
EPBC Act Protected Matters Report
... Species or species habitat likely to occur within area Species or species habitat likely to occur within area Species or species habitat likely to occur within area Species or species habitat likely to occur within area Species or species habitat likely to occur within area Species or species habita ...
... Species or species habitat likely to occur within area Species or species habitat likely to occur within area Species or species habitat likely to occur within area Species or species habitat likely to occur within area Species or species habitat likely to occur within area Species or species habita ...
Persistence and flow reliability in simple food webs
... contain a single top-predator (i.e. sink webs). According to a simple topological approach, we presented elsewhere a reliability theoretical analysis of this set of food web graphs. The question addressed here is how network flow reliability is related to the dynamical behavior and stability of thes ...
... contain a single top-predator (i.e. sink webs). According to a simple topological approach, we presented elsewhere a reliability theoretical analysis of this set of food web graphs. The question addressed here is how network flow reliability is related to the dynamical behavior and stability of thes ...
How many parasites? - Princeton University
... species (⬇75,000) than there are vertebrate hosts (45,000) (Table 1). [The number of parasite species could actually be much higher, especially because fish species are hugely undersampled (13, 14), as are the reptiles, amphibians, and indeed all vertebrate groups in the tropics (15).] Modern molecu ...
... species (⬇75,000) than there are vertebrate hosts (45,000) (Table 1). [The number of parasite species could actually be much higher, especially because fish species are hugely undersampled (13, 14), as are the reptiles, amphibians, and indeed all vertebrate groups in the tropics (15).] Modern molecu ...
Network position of hosts in food webs and their parasite diversity
... and those of species at lower trophic levels. It thus measures how well resources are channelled into the focal species. Measure of trophic position We also quantified the trophic position of every nonparasite species in each of the three webs. Trophic position is defined as the averaged path length ...
... and those of species at lower trophic levels. It thus measures how well resources are channelled into the focal species. Measure of trophic position We also quantified the trophic position of every nonparasite species in each of the three webs. Trophic position is defined as the averaged path length ...
Impacts of biodiversity on the emergence and transmission of
... best examples comes from a study of Schistosoma mansoni, a trematode that causes schistosomiasis in humans. The parasite alternately infects snails and humans via free-living infectious stages. Host snails were placed in tanks at a constant density either alone or with one or two other species of no ...
... best examples comes from a study of Schistosoma mansoni, a trematode that causes schistosomiasis in humans. The parasite alternately infects snails and humans via free-living infectious stages. Host snails were placed in tanks at a constant density either alone or with one or two other species of no ...
12 Invasive Predators: a synthesis of the past
... Invasive predators have had devastating effects on species around the world and their effects are increasing. Successful invasive predators typically have a high reproductive rate, short generation times, a generalized diet, and are small or secretive. However, the probability of a successful invasi ...
... Invasive predators have had devastating effects on species around the world and their effects are increasing. Successful invasive predators typically have a high reproductive rate, short generation times, a generalized diet, and are small or secretive. However, the probability of a successful invasi ...
The Sustainable Biosphere Initiative: An Ecological Research
... patterns of biological diversity are important in determining the behavior of ecological systems (e.g., responses to climate change, rates of nutrient flow, or responses to pollutants). Only when these relationships are known will it be possible to develop management strategies for maintaining natur ...
... patterns of biological diversity are important in determining the behavior of ecological systems (e.g., responses to climate change, rates of nutrient flow, or responses to pollutants). Only when these relationships are known will it be possible to develop management strategies for maintaining natur ...
Biological Diversity
... all come about? This is a question people have asked as long as they have written. Before modern science, the diversity of life and the adaptations ofliving things to their environment seemed too amazing to have come about by chance. The only possible explanation seemed to be that this diversity was ...
... all come about? This is a question people have asked as long as they have written. Before modern science, the diversity of life and the adaptations ofliving things to their environment seemed too amazing to have come about by chance. The only possible explanation seemed to be that this diversity was ...
Ecological fitting
![](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Colorado_potato_beetle.jpg?width=300)
Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.