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paper
... demographics of associating herds. Such associations mirrored in other studies were shown to be the result of interspecific competition, habitat preferences and predation pressure which increases the potential for coexistence between species. This suggests a potentially important role in the regulat ...
... demographics of associating herds. Such associations mirrored in other studies were shown to be the result of interspecific competition, habitat preferences and predation pressure which increases the potential for coexistence between species. This suggests a potentially important role in the regulat ...
Dispersal Rates Affect Species Composition in Metacommunities of
... most of the species was lowest when there was no dispersal among local communities (table 1; fig. 2D); the probability of local extinction is likely to be highest when local abundances are low. These patterns reflect those seen in closed and linked communities in other systems (Huffaker 1958; Shorro ...
... most of the species was lowest when there was no dispersal among local communities (table 1; fig. 2D); the probability of local extinction is likely to be highest when local abundances are low. These patterns reflect those seen in closed and linked communities in other systems (Huffaker 1958; Shorro ...
Evolutionary responses to environmental change: trophic
... system, the singular strategy ss plant thermal trait zP is always to match the temperature of the environment T (dashed line). For uncorrelated traits, thermal traits zP ¼ zH ¼ T for all values of plant thermal niche width wP (interaction traits sP and sH depend on initial conditions). For correlate ...
... system, the singular strategy ss plant thermal trait zP is always to match the temperature of the environment T (dashed line). For uncorrelated traits, thermal traits zP ¼ zH ¼ T for all values of plant thermal niche width wP (interaction traits sP and sH depend on initial conditions). For correlate ...
Chesson, P, and Kuang, J.J. 2008. The interaction between
... Vol 456 | 13 November 2008 | doi:10.1038/nature07248 ...
... Vol 456 | 13 November 2008 | doi:10.1038/nature07248 ...
SOUTH DElTfl UlATfR R G f ~...
... loss of salinity control and inadequate dissolved oxygen for fish. Upstream appropriative rights granted by the State Board often exceed the total yield of the river system, and direct diversion rights are based on diversion amounts rather than on consumptive use. Appropriators, therefore, are able ...
... loss of salinity control and inadequate dissolved oxygen for fish. Upstream appropriative rights granted by the State Board often exceed the total yield of the river system, and direct diversion rights are based on diversion amounts rather than on consumptive use. Appropriators, therefore, are able ...
marine mammals and their environment in the
... position and initiate a chain of extinctions that cascades through the food web. The effect of the abundance of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) on the structure of kelp communities (Estes et al. 1998) is the best known example. Anderson (1995) suggested that the extinction of Steller’s sea cow in the Ko ...
... position and initiate a chain of extinctions that cascades through the food web. The effect of the abundance of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) on the structure of kelp communities (Estes et al. 1998) is the best known example. Anderson (1995) suggested that the extinction of Steller’s sea cow in the Ko ...
Species number, species abundance and body
... 3 mm) shows a near linear decline, indicating a power-law relationship between number of species and body length. May (1978) provides a theoretical argument for the expected shape of the upper tail of this distribution (quantitative theoretical predictions about the shape of the full distribution ha ...
... 3 mm) shows a near linear decline, indicating a power-law relationship between number of species and body length. May (1978) provides a theoretical argument for the expected shape of the upper tail of this distribution (quantitative theoretical predictions about the shape of the full distribution ha ...
Predicting and Detecting Reciprocity between Indirect Ecological
... importance of indirect effects in nature and (2) the potential for reciprocity between indirect ecological interactions and their evolutionary consequences. The characterization of indirect ecological effects sets the stage for studying reciprocal interactions between ecology and evolution because i ...
... importance of indirect effects in nature and (2) the potential for reciprocity between indirect ecological interactions and their evolutionary consequences. The characterization of indirect ecological effects sets the stage for studying reciprocal interactions between ecology and evolution because i ...
to the complete programme with abstracts
... Davidson (2012) or Domı́nguez et al. (2015) have outlined the potential of molecular phylogenies as the backbone of a reviewed earthworm taxonomy, it was not without their own pitfalls. The usual molecular markers (i.e., COI/COII, 16S, 18S, 28S, H3, H4, ITS) were insufficient to fully resolve above- ...
... Davidson (2012) or Domı́nguez et al. (2015) have outlined the potential of molecular phylogenies as the backbone of a reviewed earthworm taxonomy, it was not without their own pitfalls. The usual molecular markers (i.e., COI/COII, 16S, 18S, 28S, H3, H4, ITS) were insufficient to fully resolve above- ...
Stable coexistence of ecologically identical species: conspecific
... the life cycle in a particular generation has been completed, the old resource patches disappear and new ones become available. The model is motivated by insects such as drosophilids, blowflies and dung beetles and flies, which lay their eggs in decomposing fruits, carcasses and dung pats. Comparabl ...
... the life cycle in a particular generation has been completed, the old resource patches disappear and new ones become available. The model is motivated by insects such as drosophilids, blowflies and dung beetles and flies, which lay their eggs in decomposing fruits, carcasses and dung pats. Comparabl ...
NaturePrint Regional Catchment Strategies guidelines. [PDF File
... Suggested approach/Example: Using a map of the entire catchment area (e.g. EVCs or NatuePrint Values map) start to identify broadly similar environmental zones throughout the catchment area. These zones should be based on best available environmental data (data sets such as geomorphology, Ecological ...
... Suggested approach/Example: Using a map of the entire catchment area (e.g. EVCs or NatuePrint Values map) start to identify broadly similar environmental zones throughout the catchment area. These zones should be based on best available environmental data (data sets such as geomorphology, Ecological ...
Ecological drivers of the Ediacaran
... \3 l. By one estimate, during the mid-1800s oysters filtered all the waters of the bay above 9 m in 2–4 days, and the entire bay in some 3–6 days. Major harvesting of oysters began by the 1870s, and by 1988 the equivalent filtering required an estimated 244 and 325 days, respectively. Based on the ...
... \3 l. By one estimate, during the mid-1800s oysters filtered all the waters of the bay above 9 m in 2–4 days, and the entire bay in some 3–6 days. Major harvesting of oysters began by the 1870s, and by 1988 the equivalent filtering required an estimated 244 and 325 days, respectively. Based on the ...
linkages between hydraulics, morphodynamics and ecological
... covered in this special issue demonstrate the relevance and importance of the relatively recent field of ecohydraulics. The discussions during the EUROMECH 523 colloquium and the selected papers in this special issue provide some tentative conclusions and guidelines for future research: 1. Most contr ...
... covered in this special issue demonstrate the relevance and importance of the relatively recent field of ecohydraulics. The discussions during the EUROMECH 523 colloquium and the selected papers in this special issue provide some tentative conclusions and guidelines for future research: 1. Most contr ...
Ranking Lepidopteran Use of Native Versus Introduced Plants
... The evolution of specialized abilities to eat the tissues of one particular plant lineage usually, in turn, decreases an insect’s ability to eat other plants that differ in phenology, chemistry, or physical structure (Erhlich & Raven 1965). By definition, native insects have shared little or no evol ...
... The evolution of specialized abilities to eat the tissues of one particular plant lineage usually, in turn, decreases an insect’s ability to eat other plants that differ in phenology, chemistry, or physical structure (Erhlich & Raven 1965). By definition, native insects have shared little or no evol ...
- Wiley Online Library
... Fig. 1. We address combined impacts of global climate change (GCC) and chemical stressors across biological levels of organization in the following way: The term GCC represents climatic drivers (temperature, precipitation, etc.). Environmental conditions represent other abiotic factors (hydrologic r ...
... Fig. 1. We address combined impacts of global climate change (GCC) and chemical stressors across biological levels of organization in the following way: The term GCC represents climatic drivers (temperature, precipitation, etc.). Environmental conditions represent other abiotic factors (hydrologic r ...
BIODIVERSITY AND HAZARDS MANAGEMENT
... categories of classification) present. For example, a pond containing three species of snails and two fish, is more diverse than a pond containing five species of snails, even though they both contain the same number of species. High species biodiversity is not always necessarily a good thing. For e ...
... categories of classification) present. For example, a pond containing three species of snails and two fish, is more diverse than a pond containing five species of snails, even though they both contain the same number of species. High species biodiversity is not always necessarily a good thing. For e ...
Schluter TREE 2001
... environments. Ecological speciation is general and might occur in allopatry or sympatry, involve many agents of natural selection, and result from a combination of adaptive processes. The main difficulty of the ecological hypothesis has been the scarcity of examples from nature, but several potentia ...
... environments. Ecological speciation is general and might occur in allopatry or sympatry, involve many agents of natural selection, and result from a combination of adaptive processes. The main difficulty of the ecological hypothesis has been the scarcity of examples from nature, but several potentia ...
Causes and Consequences of Thermal Tolerance Limits in Rocky
... may be set by biotic factors such as competition or predation (Connell, 1961; Paine, 1974), or may be set by tolerance to or preference of abiotic factors such as substratum type (Jensen and Armstrong, 1991). In general, these studies imply that species living higher in the intertidal zone have evol ...
... may be set by biotic factors such as competition or predation (Connell, 1961; Paine, 1974), or may be set by tolerance to or preference of abiotic factors such as substratum type (Jensen and Armstrong, 1991). In general, these studies imply that species living higher in the intertidal zone have evol ...
22 Landscape Ecol 2009-2
... How do corridors affect gene flow? Inbreeding? genetic cohesion of metapop? ...
... How do corridors affect gene flow? Inbreeding? genetic cohesion of metapop? ...
The effect of agricultural diversity and crop choice on
... plants were used in the analyses to focus on the traits of the dominant species only. This was also a practical measure as trait data for many species is still quite limited. For agricultural plants, acreage was used to represent abundance, while for native plants, abundance was represented by frequ ...
... plants were used in the analyses to focus on the traits of the dominant species only. This was also a practical measure as trait data for many species is still quite limited. For agricultural plants, acreage was used to represent abundance, while for native plants, abundance was represented by frequ ...
Introduction to Ecology - Formatted
... utilized his environmental information to hunt for food, trap animals, find edible vegetation and locate shelter to survive hardships such as rains, thunderstorms and lightening imposed by nature. Pre- agricultural man was only one species in the biotic community which was neither strongest nor hard ...
... utilized his environmental information to hunt for food, trap animals, find edible vegetation and locate shelter to survive hardships such as rains, thunderstorms and lightening imposed by nature. Pre- agricultural man was only one species in the biotic community which was neither strongest nor hard ...
Few Ant Species Play a Central Role Linking Different Plant
... and amino acids, which is excreted by certain hemipteran insects that feed upon the phloem of several plant families [18]. In this association, the ants feed on honeydew, while the hemipterans, termed trophobionts, gain protection from their natural enemies [18]. Although ant-trophobiont interaction ...
... and amino acids, which is excreted by certain hemipteran insects that feed upon the phloem of several plant families [18]. In this association, the ants feed on honeydew, while the hemipterans, termed trophobionts, gain protection from their natural enemies [18]. Although ant-trophobiont interaction ...
Interactions between granivorous and omnivorous ants in a desert
... 1.8 ants/plot on bait/colony on Removal and Control plots while granivores averaged 9.8 and 7.0 ants/plot on bait/colony. Following the initiation of the experiment, the number of granivore colonies decreased on Removal plots by about 40% (20 vs. 33.9 colonies/616 m2) as did granivore worker activit ...
... 1.8 ants/plot on bait/colony on Removal and Control plots while granivores averaged 9.8 and 7.0 ants/plot on bait/colony. Following the initiation of the experiment, the number of granivore colonies decreased on Removal plots by about 40% (20 vs. 33.9 colonies/616 m2) as did granivore worker activit ...
Ecological fitting
![](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Colorado_potato_beetle.jpg?width=300)
Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.