Reproductive dynamics of three amphibian species in
... reduce predation pressure at the larval stage, many amphibian species breed in fish-free habitats that exhibit large fluctuations of their flooding conditions (Hecnar & M’closkey, 1997; Smith et al., 1999). However, such a strategy is also risky as the drying up of those habitats before larval metam ...
... reduce predation pressure at the larval stage, many amphibian species breed in fish-free habitats that exhibit large fluctuations of their flooding conditions (Hecnar & M’closkey, 1997; Smith et al., 1999). However, such a strategy is also risky as the drying up of those habitats before larval metam ...
Loosestrife-download
... As the plant grows at a faster rate, this expresses the adaptation that it acquired in order to be able to survive the changes within an environment. This demonstrates that the species was able to interact with other biotic factors within the ecosystem as well ...
... As the plant grows at a faster rate, this expresses the adaptation that it acquired in order to be able to survive the changes within an environment. This demonstrates that the species was able to interact with other biotic factors within the ecosystem as well ...
origins of the azorean intertidal biota: the significance of introduced
... Pico (MORTONet al. 1996). RIDLEY(1930) suggested that the seeds of the seagrass Zoster~z marina can pass through the intestine of the Mallard (Anas platj~rhynchos)and retain their viability. That this is also possible for Ruppia maritima is evidenced by its recent discovery in the isolated, but a de ...
... Pico (MORTONet al. 1996). RIDLEY(1930) suggested that the seeds of the seagrass Zoster~z marina can pass through the intestine of the Mallard (Anas platj~rhynchos)and retain their viability. That this is also possible for Ruppia maritima is evidenced by its recent discovery in the isolated, but a de ...
Fulltext PDF
... starfish Stichaster australis on the west coast of New Zealand. Other ecologists identified some more keystone species like the intertidal snail Littorina, the predator whelk Conchlepas, the steel-headed trout Onchorhynchus, the Nile Perch from Lake Victoria, insectivorous birds, fire ants Solenopsi ...
... starfish Stichaster australis on the west coast of New Zealand. Other ecologists identified some more keystone species like the intertidal snail Littorina, the predator whelk Conchlepas, the steel-headed trout Onchorhynchus, the Nile Perch from Lake Victoria, insectivorous birds, fire ants Solenopsi ...
Mutualism, Facilitation, and the Structure of Ecological Communities
... (Bertness and Leonard 1997). Similarly, seedlings of marsh elders (Iva fructescens) survive best in areas where seedling density is high or adult marsh elders (or other adult plants) form a canopy that can reduce evaporation rates and decrease soil salinity (Bertness and Yeh 1994). Yet when water is ...
... (Bertness and Leonard 1997). Similarly, seedlings of marsh elders (Iva fructescens) survive best in areas where seedling density is high or adult marsh elders (or other adult plants) form a canopy that can reduce evaporation rates and decrease soil salinity (Bertness and Yeh 1994). Yet when water is ...
Gerbils and Heteromyids – Interspecific Competition and the Spatio
... With regard to time, the preference for the early part of the night by both species is consistent with the availability of resources in the area. The strong afternoon winds that occur almost daily are probably responsible for the daily renewal of seeds by uncovering seeds buried in the ground (Kotle ...
... With regard to time, the preference for the early part of the night by both species is consistent with the availability of resources in the area. The strong afternoon winds that occur almost daily are probably responsible for the daily renewal of seeds by uncovering seeds buried in the ground (Kotle ...
Drake, D. R. - IPNA-CSIC
... levels of seed predation may even be associated with enhanced recruitment of plants (Klinger and Rejmanek 2010). In addition, species that make up only a small component of a predator's diet may nevertheless be severely impacted. For example, Clark (1981) determined that although birds made up only ...
... levels of seed predation may even be associated with enhanced recruitment of plants (Klinger and Rejmanek 2010). In addition, species that make up only a small component of a predator's diet may nevertheless be severely impacted. For example, Clark (1981) determined that although birds made up only ...
Drawing ecological inferences from coincident patterns of
... simultaneously, a key hypothesis is as follows: high/ low values of trait y confer high fitness at high/low values of environmental variable x, and vice versa. Phrased this way, in the most general terms possible, no distinction is made between whether different values of trait y are possessed by in ...
... simultaneously, a key hypothesis is as follows: high/ low values of trait y confer high fitness at high/low values of environmental variable x, and vice versa. Phrased this way, in the most general terms possible, no distinction is made between whether different values of trait y are possessed by in ...
A mini review on theories and measures of interspecific associations
... trophic levels. However, they occur mostly at the same trophic level in plant communities. Regardless of the methods used, we always focus on negative/positive/no significant associations, and the extent of these associations. 2.1 Overall interspecific associations of plant species Research on inter ...
... trophic levels. However, they occur mostly at the same trophic level in plant communities. Regardless of the methods used, we always focus on negative/positive/no significant associations, and the extent of these associations. 2.1 Overall interspecific associations of plant species Research on inter ...
Notes and Comments
... MacArthur’s (1957) original broken-stick model was constructed to predict the relative abundances of species in a community. Lehman and Tilman (2000) altered this model to study stability under the assumption that resources were randomly partitioned among competitors. This variation stems from the n ...
... MacArthur’s (1957) original broken-stick model was constructed to predict the relative abundances of species in a community. Lehman and Tilman (2000) altered this model to study stability under the assumption that resources were randomly partitioned among competitors. This variation stems from the n ...
Ball python Python regius (Shaw 1802)
... declared that harvest rates have dropped from 5-10 snakes daily, twenty years ago to less than 1 snake per day in recent years (Toudonou 2014 unpublished). According to interviewed actors, in the past ball pythons were easily collected within 1 km radius around collectors’ villages. At present, howe ...
... declared that harvest rates have dropped from 5-10 snakes daily, twenty years ago to less than 1 snake per day in recent years (Toudonou 2014 unpublished). According to interviewed actors, in the past ball pythons were easily collected within 1 km radius around collectors’ villages. At present, howe ...
Does diversity beget diversity? A case study of crops
... Environmental heterogeneity is usually one of the leading explanations for high species richness (Palmer 1994). If different crops utilize different soil resources, foster different rhizosphere microbial communities, and have different kinds of light environments under them because of different cano ...
... Environmental heterogeneity is usually one of the leading explanations for high species richness (Palmer 1994). If different crops utilize different soil resources, foster different rhizosphere microbial communities, and have different kinds of light environments under them because of different cano ...
Pest control order for foxes
... Local Land Services works with the Department of Primary Industries, landholders, industry and the community to protect biosecurity in NSW. Under the Local Land Services Act 2013 all land managers in NSW, whether on public or private land, have an obligation to control declared pest species on their ...
... Local Land Services works with the Department of Primary Industries, landholders, industry and the community to protect biosecurity in NSW. Under the Local Land Services Act 2013 all land managers in NSW, whether on public or private land, have an obligation to control declared pest species on their ...
Succession of bee communities on fallows
... naturally developed vegetation (n = 20), and old orchard meadows (n =4) to analyse effects of secondary succession on species diversity, resource use and associated life history traits. General theory predicts a steady increase of species richness with age of succession. In contrast, we found a firs ...
... naturally developed vegetation (n = 20), and old orchard meadows (n =4) to analyse effects of secondary succession on species diversity, resource use and associated life history traits. General theory predicts a steady increase of species richness with age of succession. In contrast, we found a firs ...
Stable coexistence of ecologically identical species: conspecific
... 1. Stable coexistence of ecologically identical species is not possible according to the established ecological theory. Many coexistence mechanisms have been proposed, but they all involve some form of ecological differentiation among the competing species. 2. The aggregation model of coexistence wo ...
... 1. Stable coexistence of ecologically identical species is not possible according to the established ecological theory. Many coexistence mechanisms have been proposed, but they all involve some form of ecological differentiation among the competing species. 2. The aggregation model of coexistence wo ...
Short-term impacts of logging on understorey vegetation in a jarrah
... In the Kingston Project area about 17% of the area was cut to create gaps, 16% was cut to retain shelterwood and 67% of the area was not logged in this cutting cycle. Some manual/machine culling of non-commercial trees, including jarrah, marri, sheoak (Allocasuarina fraseriana) and bull banksia (Ban ...
... In the Kingston Project area about 17% of the area was cut to create gaps, 16% was cut to retain shelterwood and 67% of the area was not logged in this cutting cycle. Some manual/machine culling of non-commercial trees, including jarrah, marri, sheoak (Allocasuarina fraseriana) and bull banksia (Ban ...
Fact sheet Mouflon
... Ovis gemelini musimon have a vigorous and sturdy body with short but muscular legs adapted to the steep terrain. Female's body has a length of 115-125 cm and a height of 65-75 cm. Males are bigger, their body length ranges between 125 and 140 cm and the height between 75 and 85 cm. Weight ranges bet ...
... Ovis gemelini musimon have a vigorous and sturdy body with short but muscular legs adapted to the steep terrain. Female's body has a length of 115-125 cm and a height of 65-75 cm. Males are bigger, their body length ranges between 125 and 140 cm and the height between 75 and 85 cm. Weight ranges bet ...
EN EN EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM 1. CONTEXT OF THE
... outside of their natural range across ecological barriers, and that then survive, reproduce and spread, and that have negative impacts on the ecology of their new location as well as serious economic and social consequences. It has been estimated that of the over 12 000 alien species that are found ...
... outside of their natural range across ecological barriers, and that then survive, reproduce and spread, and that have negative impacts on the ecology of their new location as well as serious economic and social consequences. It has been estimated that of the over 12 000 alien species that are found ...
How many species of host-specific insects feed on a species of
... YVES BASSET, G.A. SAMUELSON, A. ALLISON AND S.E. MILLER Department of Natural Sciences, Bishop Museum, PO Box 19000A, Honolulu, HI ...
... YVES BASSET, G.A. SAMUELSON, A. ALLISON AND S.E. MILLER Department of Natural Sciences, Bishop Museum, PO Box 19000A, Honolulu, HI ...
Undaria pinnatifida
... Italian waters is believed to be attributable either to shellfish farms or to shipping. The species was first reported in Britain in 1994, presumably brought there by ships from France. Since 1999 it has also been present in Belgian and Dutch waters, so far probably its northernmost sites on the mai ...
... Italian waters is believed to be attributable either to shellfish farms or to shipping. The species was first reported in Britain in 1994, presumably brought there by ships from France. Since 1999 it has also been present in Belgian and Dutch waters, so far probably its northernmost sites on the mai ...
Traveling wave solutions of a reaction diffusion model for competing
... This assumption is equivalent to the transformations y1 ! y1/c12 and y2 ! y2/c21 (in the case c1250, c2150) and therefore only represents a re-scaling of yi which can be absorbed into the definitions of f and g. This rescaling of the interaction matrix C is commonly used in the pioneer-climax models ...
... This assumption is equivalent to the transformations y1 ! y1/c12 and y2 ! y2/c21 (in the case c1250, c2150) and therefore only represents a re-scaling of yi which can be absorbed into the definitions of f and g. This rescaling of the interaction matrix C is commonly used in the pioneer-climax models ...
The Editorial Committee of the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution
... For example, there is scope for genetic adaptation of plants to climate warming, but there are also ...
... For example, there is scope for genetic adaptation of plants to climate warming, but there are also ...
Mollusks : Carnegie Museum of Natural History
... reaching 9mm diameter and did not oviposit until at least 13mm. In the wild these snails matured in their second or third summer. In a captive colony this snail burrowed into soil, gravel, or decayed wood and laid eggs 2-3mm in diameter at a depth of 1.5 to 2.5cm. The number of eggs laid by an indiv ...
... reaching 9mm diameter and did not oviposit until at least 13mm. In the wild these snails matured in their second or third summer. In a captive colony this snail burrowed into soil, gravel, or decayed wood and laid eggs 2-3mm in diameter at a depth of 1.5 to 2.5cm. The number of eggs laid by an indiv ...
A network approach for inferring species associations from co
... climate-based species distribution models, we can thus gain more confidence that associations are the outcome of species interactions rather than shared environmental requirements. A third missing idea is the incorporation of network theory. Network approaches have become common in the study of prot ...
... climate-based species distribution models, we can thus gain more confidence that associations are the outcome of species interactions rather than shared environmental requirements. A third missing idea is the incorporation of network theory. Network approaches have become common in the study of prot ...
Spar genetic analysis of two invasive species of Cichla (Tucunaré
... ecosystems has been a prominent target in international literature, focusing on the studies that aim at evaluating the causes and effects of these introductions in native aquatic communities. According to Elvira and Almodóvar (2001) the introduction of exotic species and the loss of natural habitats ...
... ecosystems has been a prominent target in international literature, focusing on the studies that aim at evaluating the causes and effects of these introductions in native aquatic communities. According to Elvira and Almodóvar (2001) the introduction of exotic species and the loss of natural habitats ...
Introduced species
An introduced, alien, exotic, non-indigenous, or non-native species, or simply an introduction, is a species living outside its native distributional range, which has arrived there by human activity, either deliberate or accidental. Non-native species can have various effects on the local ecosystem. Introduced species that become established and spread beyond the place of introduction are called invasive species. Some have a negative effect on a local ecosystem. Some introduced species may have no negative effect or only minor impact. Some species have been introduced intentionally to combat pests. They are called biocontrols and may be regarded as beneficial as an alternative to pesticides in agriculture for example. In some instances the potential for being beneficial or detrimental in the long run remains unknown. A list of some introduced species is given in a separate article.The effects of introduced species on natural environments have gained much scrutiny from scientists, governments, farmers and others.