Types and effects of protein variations. Vihinen
... different functions in which proteins are involved, also the effects of variants are widely different. In addition to functions, protein variants can change structures, properties, interactions and other characteristics in several ways. List of the effects would be really long and include e.g. inter ...
... different functions in which proteins are involved, also the effects of variants are widely different. In addition to functions, protein variants can change structures, properties, interactions and other characteristics in several ways. List of the effects would be really long and include e.g. inter ...
The Control of Voluntary Eye Movements: New Perspectives
... nuclei (MVN). Another novel class of pursuit-related neurons, the burst neurons in the PPRF and riMLF, might acquire their smooth-eye-velocity modulation through excitatory inputs from the PNs. By inhibiting the OPNs and completing a loop with the pursuit neurons in the NPH/MVN, these neurons might ...
... nuclei (MVN). Another novel class of pursuit-related neurons, the burst neurons in the PPRF and riMLF, might acquire their smooth-eye-velocity modulation through excitatory inputs from the PNs. By inhibiting the OPNs and completing a loop with the pursuit neurons in the NPH/MVN, these neurons might ...
Signals Conveyed in the Pulvinar Pathway from Superior Colliculus
... neurons that received input from SC, sent output to MT, or did both (relay neurons), and found that they were centered in the inferior pulvinar (PI), particularly within and adjacent to the medial subdivision (PIm) known to project densely to MT (see Fig. 1). In this report, we determine what this p ...
... neurons that received input from SC, sent output to MT, or did both (relay neurons), and found that they were centered in the inferior pulvinar (PI), particularly within and adjacent to the medial subdivision (PIm) known to project densely to MT (see Fig. 1). In this report, we determine what this p ...
Document
... BIN1 antibodies (pAb BSH3, mAb 2F11, and mAb 99D) and markers of AD pathology. Figures A and B show the distribution and density of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the entorhinal cortex of a patient with AD [immunostained using antibodies against Aβ (mAb 4G8) and Tau (Tau-2)], in relat ...
... BIN1 antibodies (pAb BSH3, mAb 2F11, and mAb 99D) and markers of AD pathology. Figures A and B show the distribution and density of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the entorhinal cortex of a patient with AD [immunostained using antibodies against Aβ (mAb 4G8) and Tau (Tau-2)], in relat ...
Overo Lethal White Foal Syndrome
... the Spanish word for speckled or egg-colored. Overo coloring is characterized by irregular white coloration on the abdomen that can extend to, but not cross, the dorsal midline between the withers and tail. White markings can vary from distinct regular patches to large irregular roan areas. The head ...
... the Spanish word for speckled or egg-colored. Overo coloring is characterized by irregular white coloration on the abdomen that can extend to, but not cross, the dorsal midline between the withers and tail. White markings can vary from distinct regular patches to large irregular roan areas. The head ...
Full-Text PDF
... mitochondrial biogenesis and lead to mitochondrial proliferation [3]. Lastly, treatments specifically aimed at the various symptoms of mitochondrial disease, like physiotherapy for hypotonia or cochlear implants for hearing loss, also form part of the management of MD. The central nervous system (CN ...
... mitochondrial biogenesis and lead to mitochondrial proliferation [3]. Lastly, treatments specifically aimed at the various symptoms of mitochondrial disease, like physiotherapy for hypotonia or cochlear implants for hearing loss, also form part of the management of MD. The central nervous system (CN ...
Full text in pdf format
... the CNS: γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in both vertebrates and invertebrates (Jackson et al. 1990, Lunt 1991, Nishimura et al. 2008), and is highly conserved in evolution; it has been suggested that GABA plays a role in various higher functions in the brai ...
... the CNS: γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in both vertebrates and invertebrates (Jackson et al. 1990, Lunt 1991, Nishimura et al. 2008), and is highly conserved in evolution; it has been suggested that GABA plays a role in various higher functions in the brai ...
Control of Gonadotropin Secretion by Follicle
... and caudally to the mid-brain central gray along the same pathway as the LHRH neurons (19). Projection to mid-brain central gray suggests the possibility that lGnRH-III may be involved in mating behavior, in that this is the area that LHRH activates to induce mating behavior. The function of the cau ...
... and caudally to the mid-brain central gray along the same pathway as the LHRH neurons (19). Projection to mid-brain central gray suggests the possibility that lGnRH-III may be involved in mating behavior, in that this is the area that LHRH activates to induce mating behavior. The function of the cau ...
Sònia Najas Sales Role of DYRK1A in the development of Syndrome
... dorsal telencephalon of Ts65Dn embryos. I have also studied the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the neurogenic defects in Dyrk1a trisomic embryos. This has led to the identification of DYRK1A-mediated regulation of Cyclin D1 degradation as an important mechanism to couple cell cycle progres ...
... dorsal telencephalon of Ts65Dn embryos. I have also studied the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the neurogenic defects in Dyrk1a trisomic embryos. This has led to the identification of DYRK1A-mediated regulation of Cyclin D1 degradation as an important mechanism to couple cell cycle progres ...
Perox BiogenDisorders 1 - Department of Medical Genetics
... Wide anterior fontanel Depressed nasal bridge Epicanthal folds Diffuse hypotonia White matter changes on MRI Developmental delays and seizure disorder © 2009 Society for Inherited Metabolic Disorders www.simd.org ...
... Wide anterior fontanel Depressed nasal bridge Epicanthal folds Diffuse hypotonia White matter changes on MRI Developmental delays and seizure disorder © 2009 Society for Inherited Metabolic Disorders www.simd.org ...
Coenzyme B 12-Dependent Ribonucleotide Reductase: Evidence
... in that, in contrast to most other enzymes that play key roles in primary metabolism, the reductases are not conserved with respect to quaternary structure and cofactor requirement. The ribonucleotide reductases have been classified on the basis of their cofactor requirement and quaternary structure ...
... in that, in contrast to most other enzymes that play key roles in primary metabolism, the reductases are not conserved with respect to quaternary structure and cofactor requirement. The ribonucleotide reductases have been classified on the basis of their cofactor requirement and quaternary structure ...
Neural Control of Eye Movements
... posture, no maeer what path the eye took to get there. • Lis3ng’s Law – Any eye posiDon can be described by rotaDon of the eye from primary posiDon about a single axis lying in a specific fronto-parallel plane (“LisDng’s plane”). • LisDng’s Law usually holds true for steady gaze posiDons and ...
... posture, no maeer what path the eye took to get there. • Lis3ng’s Law – Any eye posiDon can be described by rotaDon of the eye from primary posiDon about a single axis lying in a specific fronto-parallel plane (“LisDng’s plane”). • LisDng’s Law usually holds true for steady gaze posiDons and ...
Dynamics of Protein Tyrosine Nitration and
... 3-Nitrotyrosine formation is associated with cell signaling and disease initiation and progression like neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular injury and cancer. It even facilitates in the accumulation of nitrated proteins in vivo [11]. The most common neurodegenerative diseases are Alzheimer's ...
... 3-Nitrotyrosine formation is associated with cell signaling and disease initiation and progression like neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular injury and cancer. It even facilitates in the accumulation of nitrated proteins in vivo [11]. The most common neurodegenerative diseases are Alzheimer's ...
i BASAL GANGLIA PATHWAYS: BEYOND THE CLOSED
... input back from the dorsal PFC. Our results expand on the finding that there exist openloop circuits between the BG and motor cortical areas (Kelly and Strick, 2004; Miyachi et al., 2006; Saga et al., 2011). These open-loop circuits provide a pathway for BG limbic processing to influence both motor ...
... input back from the dorsal PFC. Our results expand on the finding that there exist openloop circuits between the BG and motor cortical areas (Kelly and Strick, 2004; Miyachi et al., 2006; Saga et al., 2011). These open-loop circuits provide a pathway for BG limbic processing to influence both motor ...
The NEURON Simulation Environment
... at time t1, all state variables are computed from the state values and time t0 of the previous event. Since computations are performed only when an event occurs, total computation time is proportional to the number of events delivered and independent of the number of cells, number of connections, or ...
... at time t1, all state variables are computed from the state values and time t0 of the previous event. Since computations are performed only when an event occurs, total computation time is proportional to the number of events delivered and independent of the number of cells, number of connections, or ...
Neural degeneration mutants in the zebrafish, Danio
... indicated by white arrowheads. In aoi mutants apoptotic cells are present in the tectum (D,H arrowhead), cerebellar fold, dorsal hindbrain (F) and the neural retina (D arrowhead). Normal olfactory epithelium is stained with acridine orange (C, arrow). (I,J) The dorsal forebrain expression (arrow) an ...
... indicated by white arrowheads. In aoi mutants apoptotic cells are present in the tectum (D,H arrowhead), cerebellar fold, dorsal hindbrain (F) and the neural retina (D arrowhead). Normal olfactory epithelium is stained with acridine orange (C, arrow). (I,J) The dorsal forebrain expression (arrow) an ...
Neural Correlates of Object-Associated Choice Behavior
... The perirhinal cortex (PRC) is reportedly important for object recognition memory, with supporting physiological evidence obtained largely from primate studies. Whether neurons in the rodent PRC also exhibit similar physiological correlates of object recognition, however, remains to be determined. W ...
... The perirhinal cortex (PRC) is reportedly important for object recognition memory, with supporting physiological evidence obtained largely from primate studies. Whether neurons in the rodent PRC also exhibit similar physiological correlates of object recognition, however, remains to be determined. W ...
Sensory Pathways and Emotional Context for Action
... (sensory) and internal (emotional) environments is directed most robustly to a posterior strip of orbitofrontal cortex, situated anterior to the temporal lobe and medial to the anterior insula (for discussion of the varied terminology of this region see [31]). The pOFC includes areas orbital periall ...
... (sensory) and internal (emotional) environments is directed most robustly to a posterior strip of orbitofrontal cortex, situated anterior to the temporal lobe and medial to the anterior insula (for discussion of the varied terminology of this region see [31]). The pOFC includes areas orbital periall ...
autonomic accessory ganglia in nerves reaching organs of the
... AAG in these branches was various, from several to several hundred. Also the number of ganglion cells occurring in the studied ganglia affected their shape. When the cells were few, they were usually situated one after another and the distance between them was small. When the cells were numerous the ...
... AAG in these branches was various, from several to several hundred. Also the number of ganglion cells occurring in the studied ganglia affected their shape. When the cells were few, they were usually situated one after another and the distance between them was small. When the cells were numerous the ...
On the importance of the transient visual response in the superior
... whether it is selected for action or not. Figure 4 illustrates the transient visual responses of an SCi visuomotor neuron (Figure 4a) and similar responses in some structures to which it projects (directly or indirectly). Note that all responses are short-latency (<100 ms). The SCi projects to the b ...
... whether it is selected for action or not. Figure 4 illustrates the transient visual responses of an SCi visuomotor neuron (Figure 4a) and similar responses in some structures to which it projects (directly or indirectly). Note that all responses are short-latency (<100 ms). The SCi projects to the b ...
Centrosome Motility Is Essential for Initial Axon Formation in the Neocortex
... site of initial axon outgrowth. In contrast, in retinal ganglion cells of the developing zebrafish embryo, the centrosome position is reported to be opposite to the site of axon formation (Zolessi et al., 2006). Moreover, flies without centrioles develop normal neurons (Basto et al., 2006). It was d ...
... site of initial axon outgrowth. In contrast, in retinal ganglion cells of the developing zebrafish embryo, the centrosome position is reported to be opposite to the site of axon formation (Zolessi et al., 2006). Moreover, flies without centrioles develop normal neurons (Basto et al., 2006). It was d ...
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase
... Intr oduction When certain types of cells are damaged, they may leak enzymes into the blood, where they can be measured as indicators of cell damage. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is one such enzyme. It is markedly elevated in hepatitis and from other acute liver damage. The enzyme, aspartate amino ...
... Intr oduction When certain types of cells are damaged, they may leak enzymes into the blood, where they can be measured as indicators of cell damage. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is one such enzyme. It is markedly elevated in hepatitis and from other acute liver damage. The enzyme, aspartate amino ...
The Prefrontal Cortex and Flexible Behavior
... cortex of primates is by their expression of the calciumbinding proteins parvalbumin, calbindin, and calretinin, which comprise largely nonoverlapping classes of cortical inhibitory neurons (DeFelipe 1997; Hendry and others 1989). Each of the three neurochemical classes of inhibitory neurons include ...
... cortex of primates is by their expression of the calciumbinding proteins parvalbumin, calbindin, and calretinin, which comprise largely nonoverlapping classes of cortical inhibitory neurons (DeFelipe 1997; Hendry and others 1989). Each of the three neurochemical classes of inhibitory neurons include ...
L
... only area from which sensory symptoms may arise. Contralateral mesial frontal structures can also produce sensory symptoms. In some instances, the superior temporal gyrus has been shown to cause bilateral sensory symptoms. Pain is an uncommon aura. When it occurs, it often means the seizure involves ...
... only area from which sensory symptoms may arise. Contralateral mesial frontal structures can also produce sensory symptoms. In some instances, the superior temporal gyrus has been shown to cause bilateral sensory symptoms. Pain is an uncommon aura. When it occurs, it often means the seizure involves ...
stimulus conditions area MT of the macaque monkey under matched
... 1991b; Ohzawa et al. 1985; Priebe et al. 2002). However, these have focused on changes in responsivity (or contrast sensitivity) to a single stimulus and have not probed whether tuning is altered in a similar way at successive stages of processing. Changes in tuning are critical because they indicat ...
... 1991b; Ohzawa et al. 1985; Priebe et al. 2002). However, these have focused on changes in responsivity (or contrast sensitivity) to a single stimulus and have not probed whether tuning is altered in a similar way at successive stages of processing. Changes in tuning are critical because they indicat ...
Clinical neurochemistry
Clinical neurochemistry is the field of neurological biochemistry which relates biochemical phenomena to clinical symptomatic manifestations in humans. While neurochemistry is mostly associated with the effects of neurotransmitters and similarly-functioning chemicals on neurons themselves, clinical neurochemistry relates these phenomena to system-wide symptoms. Clinical neurochemistry is related to neurogenesis, neuromodulation, neuroplasticity, neuroendocrinology, and neuroimmunology in the context of associating neurological findings at both lower and higher level organismal functions.