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THE NEUROLOGIC EXAMINATION Ralph F
... The hypothalamus is ventral and inferior to the thalamus. It too is divided by the third ventricle, which forms a “W” shape when viewed sagitally. Anterior to the hypothalamus is the lamina terminalis. Below the first protrusion of the “W” is the optic chiasm. Below the second is the tuber cinerium, ...
... The hypothalamus is ventral and inferior to the thalamus. It too is divided by the third ventricle, which forms a “W” shape when viewed sagitally. Anterior to the hypothalamus is the lamina terminalis. Below the first protrusion of the “W” is the optic chiasm. Below the second is the tuber cinerium, ...
Introduction to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)
... Conditioned Stimulus (CS) - sensory input having no previous correlation with a response but which becomes associated with it. E.g. Pavlov’s bell. Keith L. Downing ...
... Conditioned Stimulus (CS) - sensory input having no previous correlation with a response but which becomes associated with it. E.g. Pavlov’s bell. Keith L. Downing ...
E45021924
... Oxytocin released by the suckling stimulus during lactation causes ejection of milk by contracting the myoepithelial cells in the mammary glands. As will be discussed below, other suckling - induced behavioral, physiological and endocrinological changes occurring during lactation also may be caused ...
... Oxytocin released by the suckling stimulus during lactation causes ejection of milk by contracting the myoepithelial cells in the mammary glands. As will be discussed below, other suckling - induced behavioral, physiological and endocrinological changes occurring during lactation also may be caused ...
Spike-timing dependent plasticity and the cognitive map
... Each simulated neuron has a randomly chosen axonal delay in the range (1 ms:5 ms), this being realistic of the CA3 region (Miles, 1990). Previous research has indicated that the scale of axonal delays can have a significant effect on the quantitative, but not qualitative, nature of synaptic dynamics ...
... Each simulated neuron has a randomly chosen axonal delay in the range (1 ms:5 ms), this being realistic of the CA3 region (Miles, 1990). Previous research has indicated that the scale of axonal delays can have a significant effect on the quantitative, but not qualitative, nature of synaptic dynamics ...
Lab 5: Nervous System I
... The outer portion of the spinal cord consists primarily of bundles of axons called nerve tracts. • These axons are usually myelinated and so they have a white appearance and are called “white matter.” – White matter is made up of ascending (sensory) and descending (motor) nerve tracts of myelinated ...
... The outer portion of the spinal cord consists primarily of bundles of axons called nerve tracts. • These axons are usually myelinated and so they have a white appearance and are called “white matter.” – White matter is made up of ascending (sensory) and descending (motor) nerve tracts of myelinated ...
Control of breathing by interacting pontine and
... into the rostral pons reversibly increase the duration of inspiration in vagotomized rats, and this increase is dose-dependent (Fung et al., 1994). This suggests that the rostral pons contains neurons with NMDA-receptors participating in the inspiratory off-switch mechanism. Morrison et al. (1994) s ...
... into the rostral pons reversibly increase the duration of inspiration in vagotomized rats, and this increase is dose-dependent (Fung et al., 1994). This suggests that the rostral pons contains neurons with NMDA-receptors participating in the inspiratory off-switch mechanism. Morrison et al. (1994) s ...
A behavioral switch: cGMP and PKC signaling in olfactory neurons
... Despite strong innate preferences, chemosensory behaviors of C. elegans can be altered by adaptation, sensitization, and associative learning. A striking change in behavior is caused by starving animals in the presence of NaCl, which is normally an attractive taste. Starvation/salt pairing for as li ...
... Despite strong innate preferences, chemosensory behaviors of C. elegans can be altered by adaptation, sensitization, and associative learning. A striking change in behavior is caused by starving animals in the presence of NaCl, which is normally an attractive taste. Starvation/salt pairing for as li ...
Neural mechanisms underlying the evolvability of behaviour
... This has allowed neuroscientists to extrapolate the functions of homologous brain regions across species within a taxon. For example, work on rodent hippocampus informs our understanding of primate hippocampus. Clearly, the shapes and relative sizes of neural structures vary [14,15]; yet, all Gnatho ...
... This has allowed neuroscientists to extrapolate the functions of homologous brain regions across species within a taxon. For example, work on rodent hippocampus informs our understanding of primate hippocampus. Clearly, the shapes and relative sizes of neural structures vary [14,15]; yet, all Gnatho ...
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... neurons number only 5-10% of the auditory neuron population and contact outer hair cells, which constitute more than 75% of the receptor cell population (Spoendlin, '72; Kiang et al., '82; Berglund and Ryugo, '87; Brown, '87; Simmons and Liberman, '88). The central trajectories of type IT neurons wi ...
... neurons number only 5-10% of the auditory neuron population and contact outer hair cells, which constitute more than 75% of the receptor cell population (Spoendlin, '72; Kiang et al., '82; Berglund and Ryugo, '87; Brown, '87; Simmons and Liberman, '88). The central trajectories of type IT neurons wi ...
Ch. 2 - 서울대 Biointelligence lab
... If action potentials are all or none, how does the nervous system code differences in sensory stimulus amplitudes? What property (or properties) of ion channels makes them selective to only one ion such as K+, and not another such as Na+? Is it the size of the channel, other factors, or a combinatio ...
... If action potentials are all or none, how does the nervous system code differences in sensory stimulus amplitudes? What property (or properties) of ion channels makes them selective to only one ion such as K+, and not another such as Na+? Is it the size of the channel, other factors, or a combinatio ...
What if you could select some of the most effective
... Rosea has been used in Russian traditional medicine for centuries, as it is known for its adaptogenic activity (increases the body’s resistance to stress and aids mental function). Rhodiola’s adaptogenic activity relieves mental stress. The extract can prevent behavioral and physiological changes th ...
... Rosea has been used in Russian traditional medicine for centuries, as it is known for its adaptogenic activity (increases the body’s resistance to stress and aids mental function). Rhodiola’s adaptogenic activity relieves mental stress. The extract can prevent behavioral and physiological changes th ...
Vision in Drosophila - University of Queensland
... motion, termed an optomotor response. Optomotor, or optokinetic, behavior is observed in many animals (60) and is thought to provide a form of visual stability. If an animal does not turn with motion, it might erroneously perceive that it was moving in the opposite direction. In the Hassenstein-Reic ...
... motion, termed an optomotor response. Optomotor, or optokinetic, behavior is observed in many animals (60) and is thought to provide a form of visual stability. If an animal does not turn with motion, it might erroneously perceive that it was moving in the opposite direction. In the Hassenstein-Reic ...
Adv. Protein Chem. Struct. Biol.
... sequences such that structural flexibility is directly affected with implications for protein stability and enzymatic catalysis. In general, enzymes represent an attractive class among proteins in the study of protein flexibility and they can be used as model systems for understanding the implicatio ...
... sequences such that structural flexibility is directly affected with implications for protein stability and enzymatic catalysis. In general, enzymes represent an attractive class among proteins in the study of protein flexibility and they can be used as model systems for understanding the implicatio ...
Document
... The basal diet contains adequate levels of nutrients other than the test AA The use of at least 4 graded levels of the test AA Adequate duration of the experiment in relation to the response criterion An adequate statistical model to describe the response of the animal to the AA supply and to determ ...
... The basal diet contains adequate levels of nutrients other than the test AA The use of at least 4 graded levels of the test AA Adequate duration of the experiment in relation to the response criterion An adequate statistical model to describe the response of the animal to the AA supply and to determ ...
Functional maps within a single neuron
... 2007; Turrigiano 2011), but a more systematic approach involving each of these maps, with various alterations to the environment, with the alterations guided by the functions of the various maps, would provide novel insights into single-neuron function and memory encoding. Neuromodulators and Intran ...
... 2007; Turrigiano 2011), but a more systematic approach involving each of these maps, with various alterations to the environment, with the alterations guided by the functions of the various maps, would provide novel insights into single-neuron function and memory encoding. Neuromodulators and Intran ...
DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY UNIVERSITY OF KERALA
... synthesis, classes of DNA sequence. Forces stabilizing DNA structure, Helix parameters, Watson – Crick and Hoogsteen base pairing. Physical prosperities of ds DNA (UV absorption spectra. Denaturation and renaturation, cot curves, DNA hybridization). Structural organization of the DNA in the nuclear ...
... synthesis, classes of DNA sequence. Forces stabilizing DNA structure, Helix parameters, Watson – Crick and Hoogsteen base pairing. Physical prosperities of ds DNA (UV absorption spectra. Denaturation and renaturation, cot curves, DNA hybridization). Structural organization of the DNA in the nuclear ...
New perspectives on the evolution of protochordate sensory and
... young larvae largely con¢rm the descriptions by Bone (1961) of late larvae and adults. There is, therefore, no evidence as yet to support the claim that the dorsal part of the nerve cord is anything other than primitive, or that amphioxus ever had a signi¢cantly more elaborate complement of sense or ...
... young larvae largely con¢rm the descriptions by Bone (1961) of late larvae and adults. There is, therefore, no evidence as yet to support the claim that the dorsal part of the nerve cord is anything other than primitive, or that amphioxus ever had a signi¢cantly more elaborate complement of sense or ...
Reinforcement Learning Using a Continuous Time Actor
... Animals repeat rewarded behaviors, but the physiological basis of reward-based learning has only been partially elucidated. On one hand, experimental evidence shows that the neuromodulator dopamine carries information about rewards and affects synaptic plasticity. On the other hand, the theory of re ...
... Animals repeat rewarded behaviors, but the physiological basis of reward-based learning has only been partially elucidated. On one hand, experimental evidence shows that the neuromodulator dopamine carries information about rewards and affects synaptic plasticity. On the other hand, the theory of re ...
Contributions of cortical feedback to sensory processing in primary
... state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), hyperactive V1 has been observed in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder who score highly on scales for re-experiencing (Zhu et al., 2014). In addition to feedback from higher visual areas, such as during occlusion or illusion, top–down i ...
... state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), hyperactive V1 has been observed in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder who score highly on scales for re-experiencing (Zhu et al., 2014). In addition to feedback from higher visual areas, such as during occlusion or illusion, top–down i ...
Nervous Tissue
... Two types of neuroglial cells produce myelination. Schwann cells – located in the PNS. Oligodendrocytes – located in the CNS. ...
... Two types of neuroglial cells produce myelination. Schwann cells – located in the PNS. Oligodendrocytes – located in the CNS. ...
Structural Basis of Biological Nitrogen Fixation
... nitrogen fixation must be achieved under physiological conditions of ∼290 K and 0.8 atm N2 which, consequently, suggests a higher degree of sophistication in chemical catalysis. The lower reaction temperature of the enzymatic process not only implies a more efficient activation of dinitrogen, but it ...
... nitrogen fixation must be achieved under physiological conditions of ∼290 K and 0.8 atm N2 which, consequently, suggests a higher degree of sophistication in chemical catalysis. The lower reaction temperature of the enzymatic process not only implies a more efficient activation of dinitrogen, but it ...
35-2 The Nervous System
... coordinates functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli. ...
... coordinates functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli. ...
Sustained conditioned responses in prelimbic prefrontal neurons are
... Burst firing was also examined by measuring the percentage of spikes within bursts. As in our previous study (Burgos-Robles et al., 2007), a burst was defined as three or more consecutive spikes with an interspike interval of ⬍25 ms between the first two spikes and ⬍50 ms for subsequent spikes. This ...
... Burst firing was also examined by measuring the percentage of spikes within bursts. As in our previous study (Burgos-Robles et al., 2007), a burst was defined as three or more consecutive spikes with an interspike interval of ⬍25 ms between the first two spikes and ⬍50 ms for subsequent spikes. This ...
Projections from the superior temporal sulcus to the agranular frontal
... Several electrophysiological studies have shown that neurons in area STP have complex sensory properties. Firstly, although STP neurons are predominantly purely visual, a signi®cant proportion of them have also somatosensory and/or auditory responses (Bruce et al., 1981; Bayliss et al., 1987). Secon ...
... Several electrophysiological studies have shown that neurons in area STP have complex sensory properties. Firstly, although STP neurons are predominantly purely visual, a signi®cant proportion of them have also somatosensory and/or auditory responses (Bruce et al., 1981; Bayliss et al., 1987). Secon ...
Clinical neurochemistry
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Neuron_with_mHtt_inclusion.jpg?width=300)
Clinical neurochemistry is the field of neurological biochemistry which relates biochemical phenomena to clinical symptomatic manifestations in humans. While neurochemistry is mostly associated with the effects of neurotransmitters and similarly-functioning chemicals on neurons themselves, clinical neurochemistry relates these phenomena to system-wide symptoms. Clinical neurochemistry is related to neurogenesis, neuromodulation, neuroplasticity, neuroendocrinology, and neuroimmunology in the context of associating neurological findings at both lower and higher level organismal functions.