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Role of Feedforward and Feedback Projections in Figure
... The feedforward established response property of visual neurons is not fixed. It can be modified by factors such as experience and learning, or, more importantly, by the spatial and temporal context in which a stimulus is presented. The latter strongly influences the stimulus evoked response of a ce ...
... The feedforward established response property of visual neurons is not fixed. It can be modified by factors such as experience and learning, or, more importantly, by the spatial and temporal context in which a stimulus is presented. The latter strongly influences the stimulus evoked response of a ce ...
Frontotemporal Dementia and Mania - University of California, San
... later called Pick bodies (43). More recently, these inclusions were found to contain aggregations of insoluble hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Thus, frontotemporal dementia came to be grouped in a class of neurodegenerative diseases called the tauopathies (others include semantic dementia, primary ...
... later called Pick bodies (43). More recently, these inclusions were found to contain aggregations of insoluble hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Thus, frontotemporal dementia came to be grouped in a class of neurodegenerative diseases called the tauopathies (others include semantic dementia, primary ...
Plasmodium falciparum: multifaceted resistance to artemisinins
... enter a quiescent state, while killing all other stages [31, 41]. Quiescence has also been correlated with K13-mediated artemisinin resistance in field isolates [33]. Quiescent parasites are difficult to identify under the microscope but staining mitochondrial activity with fluorescent dyes, unambig ...
... enter a quiescent state, while killing all other stages [31, 41]. Quiescence has also been correlated with K13-mediated artemisinin resistance in field isolates [33]. Quiescent parasites are difficult to identify under the microscope but staining mitochondrial activity with fluorescent dyes, unambig ...
Visual Adaptation: Physiology, Mechanisms, and Functional Benefits
... In principle, the visual system could adjust to recent sensory input independently at each processing stage or perhaps whenever a large number of presynaptic signals are pooled (Baccus and Meister 2004). Alternatively, it could implement effects early in the processing stream and pass this altered r ...
... In principle, the visual system could adjust to recent sensory input independently at each processing stage or perhaps whenever a large number of presynaptic signals are pooled (Baccus and Meister 2004). Alternatively, it could implement effects early in the processing stream and pass this altered r ...
Serotonin release varies with brain tryptophan levels
... magnitude of the tryptophan effect is unrelated to neuronal firing frequency. The data support the hypothesis that serotonin release is proportionate to intracellular serotonin levels. INTRODUCTION The rate at which serotonin (5-HT) is released from brain n e u r o n s is often assumed to vary with ...
... magnitude of the tryptophan effect is unrelated to neuronal firing frequency. The data support the hypothesis that serotonin release is proportionate to intracellular serotonin levels. INTRODUCTION The rate at which serotonin (5-HT) is released from brain n e u r o n s is often assumed to vary with ...
Hippocampus : Neurotransmission and Plasticity in the Nervous
... occurs throughout adulthood. The hippocampus is involved in physio- and pathological processes, like learning and memory, Alzheimer’s disease and epilepsy. For these reasons, the hippocampus is one of the most studied and characterized regions of the mammalian brain. This book covers all the aspects ...
... occurs throughout adulthood. The hippocampus is involved in physio- and pathological processes, like learning and memory, Alzheimer’s disease and epilepsy. For these reasons, the hippocampus is one of the most studied and characterized regions of the mammalian brain. This book covers all the aspects ...
Expression of the LXR Protein in Human Atherosclerotic Lesions
... of LXR induces de novo fatty acid biosynthesis, which has led to the suggestion that LXR␣ is a sensor of the balance between cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism.8,9 In macrophages, LXR␣ induces its target genes, such as ABCA1, ABCG1, and apolipoprotein (apo) E, which are involved in cholesterol ef ...
... of LXR induces de novo fatty acid biosynthesis, which has led to the suggestion that LXR␣ is a sensor of the balance between cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism.8,9 In macrophages, LXR␣ induces its target genes, such as ABCA1, ABCG1, and apolipoprotein (apo) E, which are involved in cholesterol ef ...
Characterisation of the zebrafish cerebellar efferent system
... cerebellar nuclei (DCN) found in tetrapods and cartilaginous fish. While the histomorphological and neurophysiological properties of ECs have been well described, their origin, their development and the molecular features of ECs remain largely unknown. In this study, the EC population of the zebrafi ...
... cerebellar nuclei (DCN) found in tetrapods and cartilaginous fish. While the histomorphological and neurophysiological properties of ECs have been well described, their origin, their development and the molecular features of ECs remain largely unknown. In this study, the EC population of the zebrafi ...
concurrent, distributed control of saccade initiation in the frontal eye
... discharge a high frequency burst of action potentials for saccades into the contralateral hemifield. In addition to the burst, these cells also have a low frequency buildup of activity before the burst. It is believed that at least some LLBNs are innervated by descending projections from higher cent ...
... discharge a high frequency burst of action potentials for saccades into the contralateral hemifield. In addition to the burst, these cells also have a low frequency buildup of activity before the burst. It is believed that at least some LLBNs are innervated by descending projections from higher cent ...
Caspaar Bijleveld and Math JH Geelen
... fatty acid synthase complex - present in the cytosol - will also catalyse the decarboxylation of malonyl-CoA both in the presence and absence of NADPH [lO,ll]. The accumulation of malonylCoA in the bicarbonate-fixation assay allows a significant decarboxylation of this reaction product. Fourthly, ac ...
... fatty acid synthase complex - present in the cytosol - will also catalyse the decarboxylation of malonyl-CoA both in the presence and absence of NADPH [lO,ll]. The accumulation of malonylCoA in the bicarbonate-fixation assay allows a significant decarboxylation of this reaction product. Fourthly, ac ...
Multimodal Integration in Rostral Fastigial Nucleus Provides an
... signals underlies the accurate computation of body motion. Furthermore, the same neurons that encode body motion (i.e., bimodal neurons) most likely encode vestibular signals in a body-referenced coordinate frame, since the integration of proprioceptive and vestibular information is required for bot ...
... signals underlies the accurate computation of body motion. Furthermore, the same neurons that encode body motion (i.e., bimodal neurons) most likely encode vestibular signals in a body-referenced coordinate frame, since the integration of proprioceptive and vestibular information is required for bot ...
The Neuroscientist
... others 2004) but also with more advanced multivariate methods such as independent component analysis (ICA; Esposito and others 2003) and pattern recognition analysis (Laconte and others 2007; Laconte 2010; Sitaram and others 2010; Sorger and others 2010). Two main approaches have been proposed for u ...
... others 2004) but also with more advanced multivariate methods such as independent component analysis (ICA; Esposito and others 2003) and pattern recognition analysis (Laconte and others 2007; Laconte 2010; Sitaram and others 2010; Sorger and others 2010). Two main approaches have been proposed for u ...
Response Suppression in V1 Agrees with Psychophysics of
... Subjects viewed the stimuli while time series of MRI volumes were acquired (every 1.5 sec) using a T2 *-sensitive, spiral-trajectory, gradientecho pulse sequence (Glover and Lai, 1998; Glover, 1999): echo time (TE), 30 msec; repetition time (TR), 750 msec (two interleaves); flip angle, 55°; field of ...
... Subjects viewed the stimuli while time series of MRI volumes were acquired (every 1.5 sec) using a T2 *-sensitive, spiral-trajectory, gradientecho pulse sequence (Glover and Lai, 1998; Glover, 1999): echo time (TE), 30 msec; repetition time (TR), 750 msec (two interleaves); flip angle, 55°; field of ...
Progressive Mitochondrial Compromise in Brains
... mitochondrial morphological damage, by electron microscopy (EM), and mtDNA depletion in umbilical cord, cord blood, and peripheral blood, taken from NRTI-exposed but HIV-1– uninfected infants (Divi et al., 2004; Poirier et al., 2003; Shiramizu et al., 2003). In addition, depletion of leukocyte mtDNA ...
... mitochondrial morphological damage, by electron microscopy (EM), and mtDNA depletion in umbilical cord, cord blood, and peripheral blood, taken from NRTI-exposed but HIV-1– uninfected infants (Divi et al., 2004; Poirier et al., 2003; Shiramizu et al., 2003). In addition, depletion of leukocyte mtDNA ...
Mechanisms of developmental neurite pruning
... examples to discuss various cellular and molecular pathways that have emerged from classical and more recent studies, which have been performed mostly in the mouse and the fly. We do not aim to be comprehensive but rather provide our own view of the current principles arising from many studies in a ...
... examples to discuss various cellular and molecular pathways that have emerged from classical and more recent studies, which have been performed mostly in the mouse and the fly. We do not aim to be comprehensive but rather provide our own view of the current principles arising from many studies in a ...
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... Many factors contributed to this accomplishment. Most importantly I think was a great deal of luck. I was lucky enough to possess the capacity to learn easily and to come to a world with a variety of choices and little barriers for those eager to learn. Added to this came hard work , good advice and ...
... Many factors contributed to this accomplishment. Most importantly I think was a great deal of luck. I was lucky enough to possess the capacity to learn easily and to come to a world with a variety of choices and little barriers for those eager to learn. Added to this came hard work , good advice and ...
Document
... exposure to cockroach allergens has been linked to increased asthma morbidity in the United States, especially among lower socioeconomic groups.1 Reports in the literature suggest that enzymatic activity might be an important contributor to allergenicity, especially for mite allergens with cysteine ...
... exposure to cockroach allergens has been linked to increased asthma morbidity in the United States, especially among lower socioeconomic groups.1 Reports in the literature suggest that enzymatic activity might be an important contributor to allergenicity, especially for mite allergens with cysteine ...
(2007) The most superficial sublamina of rat superior colluculus
... Long–Evans hooded rats (n ⫽ 17) were used in this study. They were bred in the University of Utah animal facility from stock purchased from Charles River Laboratories. All procedures used on animals were reviewed and approved by the University Animal Care and Use Committee and were consistent with N ...
... Long–Evans hooded rats (n ⫽ 17) were used in this study. They were bred in the University of Utah animal facility from stock purchased from Charles River Laboratories. All procedures used on animals were reviewed and approved by the University Animal Care and Use Committee and were consistent with N ...
Program - Albion
... produced in response to olfactory classical conditioning. We have identified five different traces that form in different neurons in the olfactory nervous system with different temporal kinetics after acquisition. Three traces appear to correspond to short‐term memory, one to the consolidation pro ...
... produced in response to olfactory classical conditioning. We have identified five different traces that form in different neurons in the olfactory nervous system with different temporal kinetics after acquisition. Three traces appear to correspond to short‐term memory, one to the consolidation pro ...
and Third-Order Neurons of Cockroach Ocelli
... responses are essentially linear. Second-order neurons o f a variety of visual systems also generate essentially linear responses. This is the case in vertebrate retinas (Naka et al., 1979; Tranchina et al., 1983; Chappell et al., 1985), in Limulus lateral eyes (Knight et al., 1970), in insect compo ...
... responses are essentially linear. Second-order neurons o f a variety of visual systems also generate essentially linear responses. This is the case in vertebrate retinas (Naka et al., 1979; Tranchina et al., 1983; Chappell et al., 1985), in Limulus lateral eyes (Knight et al., 1970), in insect compo ...
Document
... • Receives afferents from dorsal roots via the dorsal funiculus • At rostral end of spinal cord, laminas I-IV become continuous with the spinal trigeminal nucleus ...
... • Receives afferents from dorsal roots via the dorsal funiculus • At rostral end of spinal cord, laminas I-IV become continuous with the spinal trigeminal nucleus ...
The Spinal Cord
... • Receives afferents from dorsal roots via the dorsal funiculus • At rostral end of spinal cord, laminas I-IV become continuous with the spinal trigeminal nucleus ...
... • Receives afferents from dorsal roots via the dorsal funiculus • At rostral end of spinal cord, laminas I-IV become continuous with the spinal trigeminal nucleus ...
Effective connectivity of the subthalamic nucleus
... temporal relationship between the cortical slow oscillation and single-unit activity in the STN and GP as detailed previously (Mallet et al. 2008a). In doing so, we were able to define one type of STN neuron and two main types of GP neuron in 6–OHDA-lesioned rats (Fig. 1). Type-A GP neurons (GP-TA) ...
... temporal relationship between the cortical slow oscillation and single-unit activity in the STN and GP as detailed previously (Mallet et al. 2008a). In doing so, we were able to define one type of STN neuron and two main types of GP neuron in 6–OHDA-lesioned rats (Fig. 1). Type-A GP neurons (GP-TA) ...
Posterior White Column
... • Receives afferents from dorsal roots via the dorsal funiculus • At rostral end of spinal cord, laminas I-IV become continuous with the spinal trigeminal nucleus ...
... • Receives afferents from dorsal roots via the dorsal funiculus • At rostral end of spinal cord, laminas I-IV become continuous with the spinal trigeminal nucleus ...
Clinical neurochemistry
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Neuron_with_mHtt_inclusion.jpg?width=300)
Clinical neurochemistry is the field of neurological biochemistry which relates biochemical phenomena to clinical symptomatic manifestations in humans. While neurochemistry is mostly associated with the effects of neurotransmitters and similarly-functioning chemicals on neurons themselves, clinical neurochemistry relates these phenomena to system-wide symptoms. Clinical neurochemistry is related to neurogenesis, neuromodulation, neuroplasticity, neuroendocrinology, and neuroimmunology in the context of associating neurological findings at both lower and higher level organismal functions.