The Glia Response after Peripheral Nerve Injury: A Comparison
... the development of future therapies using transplantation of peripheral glia to treat neural injuries and/or disease. Keywords: nerve-injury; nerve-regeneration; Schwann-cell; olfactory-ensheathing-cell; glia ...
... the development of future therapies using transplantation of peripheral glia to treat neural injuries and/or disease. Keywords: nerve-injury; nerve-regeneration; Schwann-cell; olfactory-ensheathing-cell; glia ...
Glia Engulf Degenerating Axons during Developmental Axon Pruning
... with Axon Pruning MVBs and MLBs are typically thought to be associated with the endosomal-lysosomal pathway, which plays an important role in degradation of engulfed proteins and cellular debris (reviewed in [22, 23]). Specifically, studies of the endosomal-lysosomal pathway in Drosophila have impli ...
... with Axon Pruning MVBs and MLBs are typically thought to be associated with the endosomal-lysosomal pathway, which plays an important role in degradation of engulfed proteins and cellular debris (reviewed in [22, 23]). Specifically, studies of the endosomal-lysosomal pathway in Drosophila have impli ...
Hes1 and Hes3 regulate maintenance of the isthmic organizer and
... expression is restricted to the midbrain±hindbrain boundary region. The isthmic organizer is indicated by arrowheads. (B) In situ hybridization of Hes1. At E9.5, Hes1 is also expressed in the midbrain±hindbrain boundary region (arrowhead). (C±G) In situ hybridization (C±E) and immunohistochemistry ( ...
... expression is restricted to the midbrain±hindbrain boundary region. The isthmic organizer is indicated by arrowheads. (B) In situ hybridization of Hes1. At E9.5, Hes1 is also expressed in the midbrain±hindbrain boundary region (arrowhead). (C±G) In situ hybridization (C±E) and immunohistochemistry ( ...
Indexing Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Flux in Intact Hearts by Carbon
... nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is presented and evaluated experimentally by comparison with measured myocardial oxygen consumption over a wide range of cardiac contractile function in intact, beating rat hearts. Continuous series of `3C NMR spectra, obtained after the introduction of [2-`3C acetat ...
... nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is presented and evaluated experimentally by comparison with measured myocardial oxygen consumption over a wide range of cardiac contractile function in intact, beating rat hearts. Continuous series of `3C NMR spectra, obtained after the introduction of [2-`3C acetat ...
A review of alpha activity in integrative brain function: Fundamental
... of brain oscillations (Gray and Singer, 1989; Freeman, 1975). Further to the work of Mountcastle (1992, 1998), Bullock et al. (2005) and Bullock (2006) discussed recent evidence suggesting that the neuron doctrine, conceived nearly a century ago by Ramon y Cajal, cannot encompass important aspects o ...
... of brain oscillations (Gray and Singer, 1989; Freeman, 1975). Further to the work of Mountcastle (1992, 1998), Bullock et al. (2005) and Bullock (2006) discussed recent evidence suggesting that the neuron doctrine, conceived nearly a century ago by Ramon y Cajal, cannot encompass important aspects o ...
Do superior colliculus projection zones in the inferior pulvinar
... block of flattened cortex containing the MT and other visual areas was cut parallel to the surface, and divided into three series of sections. One series was mounted on glass slides and coverslipped without further processing so that neurons labelled with FB could be located. Another series was proc ...
... block of flattened cortex containing the MT and other visual areas was cut parallel to the surface, and divided into three series of sections. One series was mounted on glass slides and coverslipped without further processing so that neurons labelled with FB could be located. Another series was proc ...
Cadherin Expression by Embryonic Divisions and
... framework of potentially adhesive cues. This framework is reflected, in part, by the regional and differential expression of cadherins. Each cadherin-defined diencephalic division is secondarily transformed to give rise to a fully developed domain of gray matter in the mature diencephalon, which ext ...
... framework of potentially adhesive cues. This framework is reflected, in part, by the regional and differential expression of cadherins. Each cadherin-defined diencephalic division is secondarily transformed to give rise to a fully developed domain of gray matter in the mature diencephalon, which ext ...
Probing the origins of glutathione biosynthesis through biochemical
... biosynthesis pathway of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Previous crystallographic studies of the GCL from Indian mustard (B. juncea) provided information about the active site architecture of a group 3 enzyme [16], but no functional studies examining the contributions of active-site residues for either ...
... biosynthesis pathway of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Previous crystallographic studies of the GCL from Indian mustard (B. juncea) provided information about the active site architecture of a group 3 enzyme [16], but no functional studies examining the contributions of active-site residues for either ...
Wnt/Planar Cell Polarity Signaling Controls the Anterior–Posterior
... with DAPI. Images through the lateral and medial midbrain region were captured from these Figure 3. PCP mutant mice display specific axon guidance and cell body orientation defects in the 5-HT system. A–L, Whole-mount sections at identical medial to lateral locations 5-HTimmunostaining.Ascending5-HT ...
... with DAPI. Images through the lateral and medial midbrain region were captured from these Figure 3. PCP mutant mice display specific axon guidance and cell body orientation defects in the 5-HT system. A–L, Whole-mount sections at identical medial to lateral locations 5-HTimmunostaining.Ascending5-HT ...
Projections of the paraventricular and paratenial nuclei
... hypothalamus and amygdala.” Focusing on circadian circuitry, Moga et al. (1995) described PV projections to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) as well as to other sites involved in circadian rhythms including the dorsomedial nucleus and subparaventricular zone of the hypothalamus. These results, coup ...
... hypothalamus and amygdala.” Focusing on circadian circuitry, Moga et al. (1995) described PV projections to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) as well as to other sites involved in circadian rhythms including the dorsomedial nucleus and subparaventricular zone of the hypothalamus. These results, coup ...
Dokument_1 - KLUEDO - Technische Universität Kaiserslautern
... ascending pathway, which connects the spiral ganglion and the auditory cortex, is schematically shown in Figure 1.1. For detailed descriptions of the neuroanatomy of the auditory pathways, see Irvine (1986; 1992), Webster et al. (1992), Cant (1997), and ...
... ascending pathway, which connects the spiral ganglion and the auditory cortex, is schematically shown in Figure 1.1. For detailed descriptions of the neuroanatomy of the auditory pathways, see Irvine (1986; 1992), Webster et al. (1992), Cant (1997), and ...
BMC Neuroscience
... depends on the cortical type of the linked areas [15]. Categorical types of cortices can be determined by the number of cortical layers, thickness of layer IV, and density of neurons and other cellular markers [16]. Within this scheme, ipsilateral projections emanate from layers II-III when issued f ...
... depends on the cortical type of the linked areas [15]. Categorical types of cortices can be determined by the number of cortical layers, thickness of layer IV, and density of neurons and other cellular markers [16]. Within this scheme, ipsilateral projections emanate from layers II-III when issued f ...
Functional territories in primate substantia nigra pars reticulata
... objects was used as the target. On each trial, one of the fractal objects was chosen pseudorandomly as the target and was presented at one of four possible locations (right, up, left and bottom). The monkey was required to make a saccade to the target to obtain a liquid reward. Importantly, half of ...
... objects was used as the target. On each trial, one of the fractal objects was chosen pseudorandomly as the target and was presented at one of four possible locations (right, up, left and bottom). The monkey was required to make a saccade to the target to obtain a liquid reward. Importantly, half of ...
The Olfactory–Limbic System and Multiple Chemical
... the same scenario, if the olfactory sensory receptors were kept constantly busy with all these dense odors, they may then be unable to detect any real dangers, like a gas leak. “Since the major olfactory problem of an animal in a rich olfactory environment is to identify odor objects, it would be de ...
... the same scenario, if the olfactory sensory receptors were kept constantly busy with all these dense odors, they may then be unable to detect any real dangers, like a gas leak. “Since the major olfactory problem of an animal in a rich olfactory environment is to identify odor objects, it would be de ...
mastering-the-world-of-psychology-4th-edition-wood
... functioning. Incorrect. The person would experience more than impairment in movement. All movement (heartbeat, breathing) would stop and death would result. B) This person would show speech impairments. C) Because information in the brain could no longer be transmitted, death would likely result. Co ...
... functioning. Incorrect. The person would experience more than impairment in movement. All movement (heartbeat, breathing) would stop and death would result. B) This person would show speech impairments. C) Because information in the brain could no longer be transmitted, death would likely result. Co ...
Quantitative analysis of APP axonal transport in neurons: role of
... exhibiting Brownian motion. The essential role of JIP1 in the enhanced high-speed velocity of APP cargo was confirmed by expressing FLAG-JIP1b in JIP1−/− neurons, which restored the enhanced fast transport of APP-EGFP (2.68 ± 0.65 μm/s, n = 96; Figure 1C and Supplemental Movie S1C; compare C with B; ...
... exhibiting Brownian motion. The essential role of JIP1 in the enhanced high-speed velocity of APP cargo was confirmed by expressing FLAG-JIP1b in JIP1−/− neurons, which restored the enhanced fast transport of APP-EGFP (2.68 ± 0.65 μm/s, n = 96; Figure 1C and Supplemental Movie S1C; compare C with B; ...
Pathways for emotions and memory prefrontal cortices in the rhesus monkey
... Rostral (areas 11, O121 ) and caudal (area OPro) orbitofrontal areas were connected with the AM, but had few, if any, connections with the AV nucleus. Projections from area OPro to the AM were studied in three cases. Significant connections with the anterior nuclei were seen in only one case (case A ...
... Rostral (areas 11, O121 ) and caudal (area OPro) orbitofrontal areas were connected with the AM, but had few, if any, connections with the AV nucleus. Projections from area OPro to the AM were studied in three cases. Significant connections with the anterior nuclei were seen in only one case (case A ...
Unit 4– Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
... Plasma proteins do not enter the CSF - presence of blood-CSF barrier Elevation of CSF protein1. influx syndrome – i.e. breakdown of blood-CNS barrier – meningitis – injury to brain tissue – bleeding into the subarachnoid space – disruption of the blood-brain barrier due to offensive agents such as b ...
... Plasma proteins do not enter the CSF - presence of blood-CSF barrier Elevation of CSF protein1. influx syndrome – i.e. breakdown of blood-CNS barrier – meningitis – injury to brain tissue – bleeding into the subarachnoid space – disruption of the blood-brain barrier due to offensive agents such as b ...
Comparison of the Structure of the Extrinsic 33 kDa Protein from
... identical to the N-terminal sequence of the protein. The second PCR step involved the RACE procedure (Frohman et al. 1988) by which the DNA fragments of 5¢- and 3¢-flanking regions of the 33 kDa protein cDNA were amplified using primers newly synthesized based on the 469-bp cDNA fragment, which yiel ...
... identical to the N-terminal sequence of the protein. The second PCR step involved the RACE procedure (Frohman et al. 1988) by which the DNA fragments of 5¢- and 3¢-flanking regions of the 33 kDa protein cDNA were amplified using primers newly synthesized based on the 469-bp cDNA fragment, which yiel ...
Full Text - Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard
... within Rosetta Resolver (version 5.0; Rosetta Biosoftware). Statistical significance of gene expression differences between neuronal subtypes was determined by pairwise comparisons at each age using statistical analysis of microarrays (SAM) (Tusher et al., 2001). Using a SAM D score cutoff of more t ...
... within Rosetta Resolver (version 5.0; Rosetta Biosoftware). Statistical significance of gene expression differences between neuronal subtypes was determined by pairwise comparisons at each age using statistical analysis of microarrays (SAM) (Tusher et al., 2001). Using a SAM D score cutoff of more t ...
and Functions of y-Aminobutyric Acid
... Shelp, 1989a). The disappearance of N from these two compounds within 3 h accounts for 49% of the N required for protein synthesis during this same period (Micallef and Shelp, 198913). Furthermore, the Glu flux through the GABA shunt is comparable to direct incorporation of Glu into protein (Tuin an ...
... Shelp, 1989a). The disappearance of N from these two compounds within 3 h accounts for 49% of the N required for protein synthesis during this same period (Micallef and Shelp, 198913). Furthermore, the Glu flux through the GABA shunt is comparable to direct incorporation of Glu into protein (Tuin an ...
Gymnotiform JAR and communication
... Over the past decade, research on the neural basis of have gained some insight into the concerted action of the communication and jamming avoidance in gymnotiform brainstem, the diencephalon and the long-neglected electric fish has concentrated on comparative studies of forebrain in sensory processi ...
... Over the past decade, research on the neural basis of have gained some insight into the concerted action of the communication and jamming avoidance in gymnotiform brainstem, the diencephalon and the long-neglected electric fish has concentrated on comparative studies of forebrain in sensory processi ...
Pyramidal neurons: dendritic structure and synaptic integration
... considerable differences between the pyramidal neurons shown. Layer V pyramidal neurons have longer apical dendrites and fewer oblique apical dendrites than layer II/III pyramidal neurons. The apical dendrites of hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons branch closer to the soma than those of CA1 pyramidal ...
... considerable differences between the pyramidal neurons shown. Layer V pyramidal neurons have longer apical dendrites and fewer oblique apical dendrites than layer II/III pyramidal neurons. The apical dendrites of hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons branch closer to the soma than those of CA1 pyramidal ...
Clinical neurochemistry
Clinical neurochemistry is the field of neurological biochemistry which relates biochemical phenomena to clinical symptomatic manifestations in humans. While neurochemistry is mostly associated with the effects of neurotransmitters and similarly-functioning chemicals on neurons themselves, clinical neurochemistry relates these phenomena to system-wide symptoms. Clinical neurochemistry is related to neurogenesis, neuromodulation, neuroplasticity, neuroendocrinology, and neuroimmunology in the context of associating neurological findings at both lower and higher level organismal functions.