Decoys in Predation and Parasitism
... (Pels and Sabelis 2000). Predators are able to distinguish the type of prey on the plant based on these mixtures. Therefore, the predators spend less time searching for prey than they would if no attractant chemicals were present. However, when multiple herbivore species infest plants, it becomes mo ...
... (Pels and Sabelis 2000). Predators are able to distinguish the type of prey on the plant based on these mixtures. Therefore, the predators spend less time searching for prey than they would if no attractant chemicals were present. However, when multiple herbivore species infest plants, it becomes mo ...
28_COTO_Status_Review_Summary_20160825_
... • The best available scientific information indicates to CDFW the petitioned action is not warranted. • CDFW recommends to the Commission that Townsend’s big-eared bat not be added to the list of Threatened and Endangered species under CESA. • The Department presents several management recommendatio ...
... • The best available scientific information indicates to CDFW the petitioned action is not warranted. • CDFW recommends to the Commission that Townsend’s big-eared bat not be added to the list of Threatened and Endangered species under CESA. • The Department presents several management recommendatio ...
The ecology of recovery
... tion between life history properties and the environmental stochasticity. For example, stochastic growth rate in plants with seed bank may be very little affected by large variance in recruitment rates, whereas plants with weak seed storage suffer from variability in recruitment (for a review see Hi ...
... tion between life history properties and the environmental stochasticity. For example, stochastic growth rate in plants with seed bank may be very little affected by large variance in recruitment rates, whereas plants with weak seed storage suffer from variability in recruitment (for a review see Hi ...
Disturbance and distributions: avoiding exclusion in a warming world
... generations, radical strategies like managed relocation may well be our last best chance.” My goal is to highlight some neglected options for understanding species distributions and for achieving conservation. The terms defined in Table 1 clarify their use here. I first introduce and review some est ...
... generations, radical strategies like managed relocation may well be our last best chance.” My goal is to highlight some neglected options for understanding species distributions and for achieving conservation. The terms defined in Table 1 clarify their use here. I first introduce and review some est ...
- Wiley Online Library
... of Spain for c. 480 km, rising to maximum altitudes of 2600 m. Field studies were conducted in a 5900 km2 area, where 30 lentic permanent water bodies were selected to provide a wide sample of lakes and ponds varying in environmental characteristics (Supplementary Material Appendix S1). The study pe ...
... of Spain for c. 480 km, rising to maximum altitudes of 2600 m. Field studies were conducted in a 5900 km2 area, where 30 lentic permanent water bodies were selected to provide a wide sample of lakes and ponds varying in environmental characteristics (Supplementary Material Appendix S1). The study pe ...
the evolution of plant functional variation: traits, spectra, and strategies
... versus leaf N for 79 species from two high rainfall (1220 mm annual rainfall, filled circles) and two low rainfall (387 mm annual rainfall, open circles) sites in New South Wales, Australia, with similar mean annual temperature. The two sites at each rainfall level include a low and a high soil phos ...
... versus leaf N for 79 species from two high rainfall (1220 mm annual rainfall, filled circles) and two low rainfall (387 mm annual rainfall, open circles) sites in New South Wales, Australia, with similar mean annual temperature. The two sites at each rainfall level include a low and a high soil phos ...
Species at Risk Act
... changes. There is protection that is immediately in place when a species that is Extirpated, Endangered or Threatened is added to Schedule 1. It prohibits killing or harming the species or destroying a residence. For terrestrial species, this applies to migratory birds protected by the Migratory Bir ...
... changes. There is protection that is immediately in place when a species that is Extirpated, Endangered or Threatened is added to Schedule 1. It prohibits killing or harming the species or destroying a residence. For terrestrial species, this applies to migratory birds protected by the Migratory Bir ...
Bulletin of the College of Science, University of the Ryukyus
... both levels, the species richness and number of individuals increased with patch size, but the species density (number of species/patch area) decreased. the absolute density (number of individuals/patch area) ...
... both levels, the species richness and number of individuals increased with patch size, but the species density (number of species/patch area) decreased. the absolute density (number of individuals/patch area) ...
Distance from Edge Determines Fruit
... choice for analysis of community data (McCune and Grace 2002). NMDS Þrst converts N lists of species and their abundances into a matrix of single numbers by calculating the distance between pairwise comparisons of all N samples (i.e., it calculates a dissimilarity matrix). It then uses an iterative ...
... choice for analysis of community data (McCune and Grace 2002). NMDS Þrst converts N lists of species and their abundances into a matrix of single numbers by calculating the distance between pairwise comparisons of all N samples (i.e., it calculates a dissimilarity matrix). It then uses an iterative ...
Alpine Biodiversity in Europe: an Introduction
... ungulates, and their potential influence on the distribution and abundance of predators is conditioned by land management and its changes. ...
... ungulates, and their potential influence on the distribution and abundance of predators is conditioned by land management and its changes. ...
This page is also available as a
... Hawksbill Turtle, Eretmochelys imbricate Status: Critically Endangered Range: Tropical and subtropical waters of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans This animal is migratory and occupies many different habitats during its lifetime. Mangroves are an essential habitat for older juveniles and adult ...
... Hawksbill Turtle, Eretmochelys imbricate Status: Critically Endangered Range: Tropical and subtropical waters of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans This animal is migratory and occupies many different habitats during its lifetime. Mangroves are an essential habitat for older juveniles and adult ...
Life strategies of fishes in European estuaries: the functional guild
... (Appendix 1: Table A1). The functional groups were first divided according to the location of the species’ spawning site, either within or outside the estuary. Then, the different categories were defined mainly on the basis of the type, frequency and timing of use of the estuarine environment and of ...
... (Appendix 1: Table A1). The functional groups were first divided according to the location of the species’ spawning site, either within or outside the estuary. Then, the different categories were defined mainly on the basis of the type, frequency and timing of use of the estuarine environment and of ...
An experimental framework to identify community functional
... experiments does not solve this problem, because these experiments are usually designed to form a gradient of species richness, irrespective of the trait values of the selected species in the assemblages (Petchey, Hector & Gaston 2004; Meier & Bowman 2008; Mouillot et al. 2011). Some experiments hav ...
... experiments does not solve this problem, because these experiments are usually designed to form a gradient of species richness, irrespective of the trait values of the selected species in the assemblages (Petchey, Hector & Gaston 2004; Meier & Bowman 2008; Mouillot et al. 2011). Some experiments hav ...
Has woody vegetation in a semi-arid savanna changed after 11
... leak to deeper soil layers (Hatton and Smart 1984). Increases in the cover of woody vegetation in savannas have been reported from many arid and semi-arid parts of the world. So called bush encroachment has been attributed to human disturbance, primarily overgrazing by livestock (Skarpe 1990b). Nowa ...
... leak to deeper soil layers (Hatton and Smart 1984). Increases in the cover of woody vegetation in savannas have been reported from many arid and semi-arid parts of the world. So called bush encroachment has been attributed to human disturbance, primarily overgrazing by livestock (Skarpe 1990b). Nowa ...
Critical Review - University of South Florida
... The theoretical concepts of resistance and resilience have figured prominently in the ecological literature for several decades [24] and have important practical applications in community ecotoxicology. Resistance is defined here as the ability of a community to maintain equilibrium conditions follo ...
... The theoretical concepts of resistance and resilience have figured prominently in the ecological literature for several decades [24] and have important practical applications in community ecotoxicology. Resistance is defined here as the ability of a community to maintain equilibrium conditions follo ...
05. Not from here - Savanna Explorer
... The most important weapon against the threat of widespread weed invasion is early detection (Storrs and Lonsdale 1995). Hobbs and Humphries (1994) also argue early detection and treatment of invasions will prevent many future problems. Eradication is a cost-effective form of weed management when act ...
... The most important weapon against the threat of widespread weed invasion is early detection (Storrs and Lonsdale 1995). Hobbs and Humphries (1994) also argue early detection and treatment of invasions will prevent many future problems. Eradication is a cost-effective form of weed management when act ...
Extinction and the zoogeography of West Indian land mammals
... The primitive insectivores, Solenodon and Nesophontes, are derived from Early Tertiary forms in North .4merica that may have reached the islands through vicariance by way of a proto-Antillean archipelago. Many of the bats are either conspecific or congeneric with mainland taxa, suggesting that most ...
... The primitive insectivores, Solenodon and Nesophontes, are derived from Early Tertiary forms in North .4merica that may have reached the islands through vicariance by way of a proto-Antillean archipelago. Many of the bats are either conspecific or congeneric with mainland taxa, suggesting that most ...
The emergence and promise of functional biogeography
... Understanding, modeling, and predicting the impact of global change on ecosystem functioning across biogeographical gradients can benefit from enhanced capacity to represent biota as a continuous distribution of traits. However, this is a challenge for the field of biogeography historically grounded ...
... Understanding, modeling, and predicting the impact of global change on ecosystem functioning across biogeographical gradients can benefit from enhanced capacity to represent biota as a continuous distribution of traits. However, this is a challenge for the field of biogeography historically grounded ...
Progress toward understanding the ecological impacts of nonnative
... change to the properties of an ecosystem by a nonnative species. The logical implications of this definition are that (1) every nonnative species has an impact simply by becoming integrated into the system, (2) such impacts may be positive or negative and vary in magnitude on a continuous scale, and ...
... change to the properties of an ecosystem by a nonnative species. The logical implications of this definition are that (1) every nonnative species has an impact simply by becoming integrated into the system, (2) such impacts may be positive or negative and vary in magnitude on a continuous scale, and ...
Ecogeographical Variation in Skull Shape of South
... Ó The Author(s) 2015. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com ...
... Ó The Author(s) 2015. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com ...
Document
... mammals at medium and long-term, including some species of canids such as maned wolf, is essential in the recovery of degraded or fragmented areas. The population model created for Brazil by the Maned Wolf Action Plan (Paula, Medici and Morato 2008) suggests the major threats to the species lie in a ...
... mammals at medium and long-term, including some species of canids such as maned wolf, is essential in the recovery of degraded or fragmented areas. The population model created for Brazil by the Maned Wolf Action Plan (Paula, Medici and Morato 2008) suggests the major threats to the species lie in a ...
References - Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange
... In chapter 4, I examined the potential for climatic warming to alter seed dispersal in eastern deciduous forests. I examined both overall and species-specific rates of seed removal with the expectation that the above-observed changes in rates of ant foraging activity would result in altered numbers ...
... In chapter 4, I examined the potential for climatic warming to alter seed dispersal in eastern deciduous forests. I examined both overall and species-specific rates of seed removal with the expectation that the above-observed changes in rates of ant foraging activity would result in altered numbers ...
Clonal growth and plant species abundance - Clo-Pla
... non-representative genetic composition of cultivated populations), these disadvantages are easily outweighed by the large number of species that can be compared (for further discussion of caveats in using such data see Herben et al., 2012a, 2013). We used two different approaches to treat habitat ef ...
... non-representative genetic composition of cultivated populations), these disadvantages are easily outweighed by the large number of species that can be compared (for further discussion of caveats in using such data see Herben et al., 2012a, 2013). We used two different approaches to treat habitat ef ...
Forest Cover, Condition, and Ecology in Human
... (SDs) below the mean difference (negatively changing pixels) were retained. The selection of threshold values that discriminate real land cover change from systematic change is a primary difficulty in image differencing procedures (Hayes and Sader 2001). However, ground surveys in the study area con ...
... (SDs) below the mean difference (negatively changing pixels) were retained. The selection of threshold values that discriminate real land cover change from systematic change is a primary difficulty in image differencing procedures (Hayes and Sader 2001). However, ground surveys in the study area con ...
Organisms and Their Environment
... mouse-eating hawks in a community increases slightly, the number of mice in that community will decrease slightly. Other changes can be more extreme. For example, one population may grow so large that it threatens the food supply of another population. In a healthy forest community, there are many p ...
... mouse-eating hawks in a community increases slightly, the number of mice in that community will decrease slightly. Other changes can be more extreme. For example, one population may grow so large that it threatens the food supply of another population. In a healthy forest community, there are many p ...
Bifrenaria
Bifrenaria, abbreviated Bif. in horticultural trade, is a genus of plant in family Orchidaceae. It contains 20 species found in Panama, Trinidad and South America. There are no known uses for them, but their abundant, and at first glance artificial, flowers, make them favorites of orchid growers.The genus can be split in two clearly distinct groups: one of highly robust plants with large flowers, that encompass the first species to be classified under the genus Bifrenaria; other of more delicate plants with smaller flowers occasionally classified as Stenocoryne or Adipe. There are two additional species that are normally classified as Bifrenaria, but which molecular analysis indicate to belong to different orchid groups entirely. One is Bifrenaria grandis which is endemic to Bolívia and which is now placed in Lacaena, and Bifrenaria steyermarkii, an inhabitant of the northern Amazon Forest, which does not have an alternative classification.