Declining interspecific competition during character displacement
... character displacement. Where two species are present in a lake, one is a ‘limnetic’ and the other is a ‘benthic’. Limnetics are small and slender, have many long gill rakers and a narrow gape, and forage mainly on zooplankton in open water (McPhail, 1984, 1992, 1994; Schluter and McPhail, 1992). Be ...
... character displacement. Where two species are present in a lake, one is a ‘limnetic’ and the other is a ‘benthic’. Limnetics are small and slender, have many long gill rakers and a narrow gape, and forage mainly on zooplankton in open water (McPhail, 1984, 1992, 1994; Schluter and McPhail, 1992). Be ...
Macroecology of Microbes – Biogeography of the
... species concept is that DNA used for comparison can be extracted from roots, indicating that it was likely forming active mycorrhizae. Furthermore, this technique does not require spore identification skills, which can be difficult to acquire, timeconsuming, and highly variable among researchers. Al ...
... species concept is that DNA used for comparison can be extracted from roots, indicating that it was likely forming active mycorrhizae. Furthermore, this technique does not require spore identification skills, which can be difficult to acquire, timeconsuming, and highly variable among researchers. Al ...
The evolution of early Foraminifera
... period. Molecular data provide an important tool with which to investigate this otherwise cryptic period, by permitting inference of the phylogeny of extant species that may be related to ancestral forms, and by providing molecular clocks by which to estimate their divergence times. For example, mol ...
... period. Molecular data provide an important tool with which to investigate this otherwise cryptic period, by permitting inference of the phylogeny of extant species that may be related to ancestral forms, and by providing molecular clocks by which to estimate their divergence times. For example, mol ...
Experimental Manipulation of a Desert Rodent Community: Food
... b, Munger et al. 1983, Price and Brown 1983, Kotler 1984, Brown 1984). All of these species feed primarily on the seeds of annual plants, a particulate resource that is produced in pulses following infrequent and unpredictable precipitation. Although seeds appear to be harvested (or at least to disa ...
... b, Munger et al. 1983, Price and Brown 1983, Kotler 1984, Brown 1984). All of these species feed primarily on the seeds of annual plants, a particulate resource that is produced in pulses following infrequent and unpredictable precipitation. Although seeds appear to be harvested (or at least to disa ...
Top predators affect the composition of naive protist communities
... tubes were placed in a randomized block design for 7 days in an incubator (Sanyo MIR-154), which was programmed to the 50-year average July temperatures of the four sites (Worldclim Data), varying from 10 to 21 °C over 24 h (average temperature 15.5 °C), and natural light conditions. On every day of ...
... tubes were placed in a randomized block design for 7 days in an incubator (Sanyo MIR-154), which was programmed to the 50-year average July temperatures of the four sites (Worldclim Data), varying from 10 to 21 °C over 24 h (average temperature 15.5 °C), and natural light conditions. On every day of ...
Common Name: ETOWAH CRAYFISH Scientific Name: Cambarus
... opposed to the pinched condition exhibited by the Etowah crayfish. Furthermore, the fingers of the variable crayfish touch throughout their length, whereas the fingers of the ...
... opposed to the pinched condition exhibited by the Etowah crayfish. Furthermore, the fingers of the variable crayfish touch throughout their length, whereas the fingers of the ...
Differential population responses of native and alien rodents to an
... the value 1. Data are deposited in the Dryad repository at http:// datadryad.org/resource/doi:10.5061/dryad.2hb12. ...
... the value 1. Data are deposited in the Dryad repository at http:// datadryad.org/resource/doi:10.5061/dryad.2hb12. ...
Butterflys - Moreton Bay Regional Council
... The relative length of time of the stages that butterflies progress through varies according to species and environmental conditions such as climatic zone, local weather and season of the year. Some butterflies may have only one brood per year and spend most of their lives in the larval stages. Some ...
... The relative length of time of the stages that butterflies progress through varies according to species and environmental conditions such as climatic zone, local weather and season of the year. Some butterflies may have only one brood per year and spend most of their lives in the larval stages. Some ...
Seed characteristics and susceptibility to pathogen attack in tree
... about the relationships between seed traits and susceptibility to disease because these previous investigations have typically involved only one or two species. In one of the few exceptions, Augspurger and Kelly (1984) found no significant relationship between seed size and pathogen attack on new se ...
... about the relationships between seed traits and susceptibility to disease because these previous investigations have typically involved only one or two species. In one of the few exceptions, Augspurger and Kelly (1984) found no significant relationship between seed size and pathogen attack on new se ...
Camera trap assessment of the mammalian assemblages within the
... Understanding a species’ ecology and life history is now more important than ever before. As human population increases, destruction and conversion of habitat for human use increases all over the world, and understanding how animals move through and occupy their environment is extremely important. T ...
... Understanding a species’ ecology and life history is now more important than ever before. As human population increases, destruction and conversion of habitat for human use increases all over the world, and understanding how animals move through and occupy their environment is extremely important. T ...
Chapter 10 Notes
... a large portion of endemic species. • An endemic species is a species that is native to a particular place and that is found only there. • Ecologists often use the numbers of endemic species of plants as an indicator of overall biodiversity because plants form the basis of ecosystems on land. ...
... a large portion of endemic species. • An endemic species is a species that is native to a particular place and that is found only there. • Ecologists often use the numbers of endemic species of plants as an indicator of overall biodiversity because plants form the basis of ecosystems on land. ...
Pathogen Spillover in Disease Epidemics
... and Wild Animals and Plants It has long been known that wild animals and plants can harbor disease agents that may be detrimental to domestic animals and crops. Pathogen movement between wild and domestic animals presents some particularly important examples of spillover (Daszak et al. 2000). A rece ...
... and Wild Animals and Plants It has long been known that wild animals and plants can harbor disease agents that may be detrimental to domestic animals and crops. Pathogen movement between wild and domestic animals presents some particularly important examples of spillover (Daszak et al. 2000). A rece ...
Trait- and Density-Mediated Indirect Interactions Initiated by an
... size, an important component of web-spider foraging behavior (the trait effect), while variation in substrate density influences spider density (the density effect; Pearson 2009). In my experiments, I varied substrate size to influence TMIIs and manipulated substrate abundance to influence DMIIs in ...
... size, an important component of web-spider foraging behavior (the trait effect), while variation in substrate density influences spider density (the density effect; Pearson 2009). In my experiments, I varied substrate size to influence TMIIs and manipulated substrate abundance to influence DMIIs in ...
E-news Spring 2015 - Butterfly Conservation
... Aspect gave an interesting result although it was not statistically significant: 69% of data-points had a southerly aspect which suggests that the higher temperatures on south-facing slopes favour Forester. But 6% had exposed west-facing aspects which indicates that a south-facing aspect is not ess ...
... Aspect gave an interesting result although it was not statistically significant: 69% of data-points had a southerly aspect which suggests that the higher temperatures on south-facing slopes favour Forester. But 6% had exposed west-facing aspects which indicates that a south-facing aspect is not ess ...
Native species whose distribution in the Cairngorms LBAP area has
... Europe has witnessed a general reversal of the trend of the last few centuries for deforestation and species over-exploitation and persecution. Consequently there has been considerable population growth and range recovery by many species, which has seen them restored to regions from which they had p ...
... Europe has witnessed a general reversal of the trend of the last few centuries for deforestation and species over-exploitation and persecution. Consequently there has been considerable population growth and range recovery by many species, which has seen them restored to regions from which they had p ...
The Boreal biogeographical region
... In most of the boreal forest ecosystems, nutrients tend to be tied up in organic components of the ecosystems, either as live biomass in the dominating forest trees or as partially decomposed dead organic matter in litter and peat. The vertical structure of mature boreal forests is generally simple, ...
... In most of the boreal forest ecosystems, nutrients tend to be tied up in organic components of the ecosystems, either as live biomass in the dominating forest trees or as partially decomposed dead organic matter in litter and peat. The vertical structure of mature boreal forests is generally simple, ...
Tilburg University A paleoeconomic theory of co
... agricultural production, and the production of non-food goods. While agriculture is a substitute activity for hunting, they find the presence of agriculture has little bearing on whether megafauna go extinct. The presence of a substitute prey is the most important factor. Agriculture would have been ...
... agricultural production, and the production of non-food goods. While agriculture is a substitute activity for hunting, they find the presence of agriculture has little bearing on whether megafauna go extinct. The presence of a substitute prey is the most important factor. Agriculture would have been ...
Flat-tailed Tortoise (Pyxis planicauda)
... and commercial data available to [it] after conducting a review of the status of the species and after taking into account” existing efforts to protect the species. 16 U.S.C. § 1533(b)(1)(A); see also 50 C.F.R. §§ 424.11(b), (f). In making a listing determination, the Secretary must give considerati ...
... and commercial data available to [it] after conducting a review of the status of the species and after taking into account” existing efforts to protect the species. 16 U.S.C. § 1533(b)(1)(A); see also 50 C.F.R. §§ 424.11(b), (f). In making a listing determination, the Secretary must give considerati ...
APPENDIX B-2A Duchess Paradise Project
... Marine/estuarine species that spends its first three–four years in freshwater growing to about half its adult size (4 m+). In northern Australia, this species appears to be confined to freshwater drainages and the upper reaches of estuaries, occasionally being found as far as 400 km from the sea ...
... Marine/estuarine species that spends its first three–four years in freshwater growing to about half its adult size (4 m+). In northern Australia, this species appears to be confined to freshwater drainages and the upper reaches of estuaries, occasionally being found as far as 400 km from the sea ...
Effects of phytopathogens on plant community dynamics: a review
... susceptible to Pythium fungi. The possible explanations are that the intensity of Pythium fungi was ...
... susceptible to Pythium fungi. The possible explanations are that the intensity of Pythium fungi was ...
Disturbance and trajectory of change in a stream fish community
... ‘‘reversals of trends’’ on ordination biplots of plant communities. Subsequent studies on many different communities also used trajectories in multivariate space to assess community stability (Bloom 1980; Santos and Bloom 1980; Hughes 1990; Vieira et al. 2004; Magalhães et al. 2007), identify alter ...
... ‘‘reversals of trends’’ on ordination biplots of plant communities. Subsequent studies on many different communities also used trajectories in multivariate space to assess community stability (Bloom 1980; Santos and Bloom 1980; Hughes 1990; Vieira et al. 2004; Magalhães et al. 2007), identify alter ...
Propagule supply controls grazer community structure and primary
... relative abundances, effects of supply are likely to propagate through the ecosystem. Experimental changes in diversity have predictable effects on ecosystem-level properties such as resource-use efficiency and total community biomass (30). Therefore, supply-driven changes in diversity could also in ...
... relative abundances, effects of supply are likely to propagate through the ecosystem. Experimental changes in diversity have predictable effects on ecosystem-level properties such as resource-use efficiency and total community biomass (30). Therefore, supply-driven changes in diversity could also in ...
alumni garry oak meadow restoration project
... found in the rain shadow of Vancouver Island (GOERT 2007). It is exclusively found at low elevations, most often on dry, rocky slopes or bluffs, and sometimes on deep, rich, well-drained soil (Pojar and Mackinnon, 1994). Garry oak ecosystems range from shady woodlands to open meadows, and in mixed s ...
... found in the rain shadow of Vancouver Island (GOERT 2007). It is exclusively found at low elevations, most often on dry, rocky slopes or bluffs, and sometimes on deep, rich, well-drained soil (Pojar and Mackinnon, 1994). Garry oak ecosystems range from shady woodlands to open meadows, and in mixed s ...
Bifrenaria
Bifrenaria, abbreviated Bif. in horticultural trade, is a genus of plant in family Orchidaceae. It contains 20 species found in Panama, Trinidad and South America. There are no known uses for them, but their abundant, and at first glance artificial, flowers, make them favorites of orchid growers.The genus can be split in two clearly distinct groups: one of highly robust plants with large flowers, that encompass the first species to be classified under the genus Bifrenaria; other of more delicate plants with smaller flowers occasionally classified as Stenocoryne or Adipe. There are two additional species that are normally classified as Bifrenaria, but which molecular analysis indicate to belong to different orchid groups entirely. One is Bifrenaria grandis which is endemic to Bolívia and which is now placed in Lacaena, and Bifrenaria steyermarkii, an inhabitant of the northern Amazon Forest, which does not have an alternative classification.