Burst Firing and Modulation of Functional Connectivity in Cat Striate
... Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville Tennessee 37235 ...
... Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville Tennessee 37235 ...
The LIM and POU homeobox genes ttx-3 and unc
... Transcription factors that drive neuron type-specific terminal differentiation programs in the developing nervous system are often expressed in several distinct neuronal cell types, but to what extent they have similar or distinct activities in individual neuronal cell types is generally not well ex ...
... Transcription factors that drive neuron type-specific terminal differentiation programs in the developing nervous system are often expressed in several distinct neuronal cell types, but to what extent they have similar or distinct activities in individual neuronal cell types is generally not well ex ...
Cortical interneuron migration
... explants of the GE from GFP-expressing mouse embryos are cultured adjacent to cortical slices from wild-type mice. At various times after culture, the migration of GE cells into the neocortex was analyzed by examining GFP-positive neurons within the cortical slice. This assay allows the dynamics of ...
... explants of the GE from GFP-expressing mouse embryos are cultured adjacent to cortical slices from wild-type mice. At various times after culture, the migration of GE cells into the neocortex was analyzed by examining GFP-positive neurons within the cortical slice. This assay allows the dynamics of ...
Bystander Attenuation Of Neuronal And Astrocyte
... activity and respond to the release of transmitters from neurons [25, 27, 29, 30]. Astrocytes communicate with one another; intercellular Ca2+ elevations initiated in a single astrocyte can propagate to neighboring cells in a wavelike manner mediated by ATP release and enhanced by gap junctions [31- ...
... activity and respond to the release of transmitters from neurons [25, 27, 29, 30]. Astrocytes communicate with one another; intercellular Ca2+ elevations initiated in a single astrocyte can propagate to neighboring cells in a wavelike manner mediated by ATP release and enhanced by gap junctions [31- ...
Disruption of Target Interactions Prevents the Development of
... analysis. The extent of sympathetic denervation and reinnervation was determined in submandibular glands from 6-OHDA-treated and vehicle-treated animals on P2, P7, P14, and P2 1. Sections of submandibular glands from perfused rats were labeled with an antiserum directed against TH and the label visu ...
... analysis. The extent of sympathetic denervation and reinnervation was determined in submandibular glands from 6-OHDA-treated and vehicle-treated animals on P2, P7, P14, and P2 1. Sections of submandibular glands from perfused rats were labeled with an antiserum directed against TH and the label visu ...
Signal Propagation and Logic Gating in Networks of Integrate
... short-circuit” condition reduces the number in subsequent layers significantly. For layer 6, we predict only ⬃10 candidate neurons. These are, of course, mean values. In the actual simulations, we take advantage of fluctuations around the mean (there are 200 ⫾ 14 connections per neuron) that allow f ...
... short-circuit” condition reduces the number in subsequent layers significantly. For layer 6, we predict only ⬃10 candidate neurons. These are, of course, mean values. In the actual simulations, we take advantage of fluctuations around the mean (there are 200 ⫾ 14 connections per neuron) that allow f ...
Expectation of reward modulates cognitive signals in the basal ganglia
... to-be-attended location or object, and reward was given consistently. Here the required cognitive processing was identical for different target locations, but the reward outcome was different. The basal ganglia may direct attention to items associated with reward, whereas the cerebral cortex, especi ...
... to-be-attended location or object, and reward was given consistently. Here the required cognitive processing was identical for different target locations, but the reward outcome was different. The basal ganglia may direct attention to items associated with reward, whereas the cerebral cortex, especi ...
Neuromodulation of in Layer II Medial Entorhinal Cortex I
... modulation of Ih along the dorsal–ventral axis of mEC. Voltage-clamp protocols were also used to determine whether M current is present in stellate cells. In contrast to CA1 pyramidal neurons, which express M current, the data demonstrate that M current is not present in stellate cells. The results ...
... modulation of Ih along the dorsal–ventral axis of mEC. Voltage-clamp protocols were also used to determine whether M current is present in stellate cells. In contrast to CA1 pyramidal neurons, which express M current, the data demonstrate that M current is not present in stellate cells. The results ...
Sympathetic nervous system and inflammation: A conceptual view
... Wallin, 2013). The reflexes observed correspond to the effector responses which are induced by changes in activity of these neurons. The reflex patterns elicited by physiological stimulation of various afferent input systems are characteristic, and therefore represent the physiological “fingerprints”, ...
... Wallin, 2013). The reflexes observed correspond to the effector responses which are induced by changes in activity of these neurons. The reflex patterns elicited by physiological stimulation of various afferent input systems are characteristic, and therefore represent the physiological “fingerprints”, ...
Temporal fate specification and neural progenitor competence
... and the zinc-finger transcription factor Castor (Cas) in the mature CNS11. Hb is expressed in a deep neuronal layer, Pdm in an intermediate layer and Cas in a more superficial layer. Subsequently, it was shown that most neuroblasts sequentially express Hb, the zinc-finger transcription factor Kruppe ...
... and the zinc-finger transcription factor Castor (Cas) in the mature CNS11. Hb is expressed in a deep neuronal layer, Pdm in an intermediate layer and Cas in a more superficial layer. Subsequently, it was shown that most neuroblasts sequentially express Hb, the zinc-finger transcription factor Kruppe ...
Is GABA excitatory or inhibitory at the AIS?
... patch clamping in electrophysiology experiments. This has the advantage of maintaining the concentration of intracellular chloride, however it also results in dialysis of the neuron with other components of the intracellular patch pipette solution and furthermore produces a mechanical disruption ...
... patch clamping in electrophysiology experiments. This has the advantage of maintaining the concentration of intracellular chloride, however it also results in dialysis of the neuron with other components of the intracellular patch pipette solution and furthermore produces a mechanical disruption ...
Current BCI Platforms
... - Brief training(3~24min) 74~100% success rates in one-dimensional closed-loop control tasks - Up to 180Hz reflected the direction of two-dimensional joystick movements ...
... - Brief training(3~24min) 74~100% success rates in one-dimensional closed-loop control tasks - Up to 180Hz reflected the direction of two-dimensional joystick movements ...
HTM Neuron paper 12-1
... detect when a particular pattern occurs in the 200K cells. If a section of the neuron’s dendrite forms new synapses to just 10 of the 2,000 active cells, and the threshold for generating an NMDA spike is 10, then the dendrite will detect the target pattern when all 10 synapses receive activation at ...
... detect when a particular pattern occurs in the 200K cells. If a section of the neuron’s dendrite forms new synapses to just 10 of the 2,000 active cells, and the threshold for generating an NMDA spike is 10, then the dendrite will detect the target pattern when all 10 synapses receive activation at ...
A dedicated circuit links direction-selective retinal
... the brain is an important unanswered question in neuroscience. A subset of retinal neurons, called direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs), are specialized for detecting motion along specific axes of the visual field1. Despite extensive study of the retinal circuitry that endows DSGCs with their ...
... the brain is an important unanswered question in neuroscience. A subset of retinal neurons, called direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs), are specialized for detecting motion along specific axes of the visual field1. Despite extensive study of the retinal circuitry that endows DSGCs with their ...
Proceedings from the 2015 UK-Korea Neuroscience Symposium
... controlled method to resolve synapses at the level of LM, termed mammalian GFP reconstitution across synaptic partners (mGRASP), is synapse-specific labeling with two complementary GFP components. mGRASP is based on two non-fluorescent splitGFP fragments (called spGFP1-10 and spGFP11) tethered to sy ...
... controlled method to resolve synapses at the level of LM, termed mammalian GFP reconstitution across synaptic partners (mGRASP), is synapse-specific labeling with two complementary GFP components. mGRASP is based on two non-fluorescent splitGFP fragments (called spGFP1-10 and spGFP11) tethered to sy ...
Interactions Between the Lateral Hypothalamus and the
... on a specially designed heater that could raise the skin temperature to a desired degree at a rate of 5Wsec. The LH was stimulated electrically or by injection of glutamic acid (200 mM, 0.1-l rl), and the influence of this stimulation on tail flick (TF) latencv was examined. Before each measurement ...
... on a specially designed heater that could raise the skin temperature to a desired degree at a rate of 5Wsec. The LH was stimulated electrically or by injection of glutamic acid (200 mM, 0.1-l rl), and the influence of this stimulation on tail flick (TF) latencv was examined. Before each measurement ...
Electrical Interactions via the Extracellular Potential Near Cell Bodies
... neighbor (the average distance is somewhat larger; Van Harreveld, 1972). A single spike from a neuron can cause an extracellular potential of a few mV near the cell body. How much of an effect does this have on nearby neural elements? Studies on squid giant axons (Arvanitaki, 1942), crab motoneurons ...
... neighbor (the average distance is somewhat larger; Van Harreveld, 1972). A single spike from a neuron can cause an extracellular potential of a few mV near the cell body. How much of an effect does this have on nearby neural elements? Studies on squid giant axons (Arvanitaki, 1942), crab motoneurons ...
Effects of the Abused Inhalant Toluene on the
... 7. Toluene effects on VTA DA neuron plasticity As discussed above, VTA DA neurons are critical elements of the brain’s reward circuitry and brief exposures to toluene alter DA neuron firing and release of DA in rewardassociated areas. Results from previous studies show that a single in vivo exposure ...
... 7. Toluene effects on VTA DA neuron plasticity As discussed above, VTA DA neurons are critical elements of the brain’s reward circuitry and brief exposures to toluene alter DA neuron firing and release of DA in rewardassociated areas. Results from previous studies show that a single in vivo exposure ...
Neural ensemble coding and statistical periodicity: Speculations on
... potentials, and therefore the sequence of interspike intervals, is important for coding. In a classic series of experiments, Richmond and Optican [74, 75] presented black and white patterns to alert behaving monkeys while recording from a neuron located in the inferior temporal cortex. The stimulus ...
... potentials, and therefore the sequence of interspike intervals, is important for coding. In a classic series of experiments, Richmond and Optican [74, 75] presented black and white patterns to alert behaving monkeys while recording from a neuron located in the inferior temporal cortex. The stimulus ...
Single Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurons Form Widely Spread
... nuclei of the basal ganglia circuit. Furthermore, the neostriatum is known to have a mosaic organization and be composed of patch/striosome and matrix compartments which are distinguishable from each other by the expression of neurochemical markers and by input– output organization (Graybiel and Rag ...
... nuclei of the basal ganglia circuit. Furthermore, the neostriatum is known to have a mosaic organization and be composed of patch/striosome and matrix compartments which are distinguishable from each other by the expression of neurochemical markers and by input– output organization (Graybiel and Rag ...
Synchrony Unbound: Review A Critical Evaluation of
... problem in operational terms. How are the signals from distinct populations of neurons combined for higherlevel computation? How do high-level neurons determine which inputs carry information requiring further analysis? The problem would not arise if higher-order neurons received input from just a f ...
... problem in operational terms. How are the signals from distinct populations of neurons combined for higherlevel computation? How do high-level neurons determine which inputs carry information requiring further analysis? The problem would not arise if higher-order neurons received input from just a f ...
Rapid changes in protein synthesis and cell size in the cochlear
... recognized by their larger diameter (even in experimental animals), more uniform staining pattern, and more uniformly circular shape. The smaller, presumably stellate, neurons were not included in the analysis. Because there is no absolute way to discriminate between the cell types (e.g., antigenic ...
... recognized by their larger diameter (even in experimental animals), more uniform staining pattern, and more uniformly circular shape. The smaller, presumably stellate, neurons were not included in the analysis. Because there is no absolute way to discriminate between the cell types (e.g., antigenic ...
Neural Crest - bthsresearch
... – Cartilage, bone, cranial neurons, glia and connective tissues of the face, bones of middle ear, jaw, tooth primordia ...
... – Cartilage, bone, cranial neurons, glia and connective tissues of the face, bones of middle ear, jaw, tooth primordia ...