Neuron Production, Neuron Number, and Structure Size Are
... Insight Color video camera and SPOT Advanced imaging software (Diagnostic Instruments, Version 2.4.5 for Windows): (a) the hyperstriatum accessorium (HA), (b) the hyperstriatum ventrale and hyperstriatum dorsale together (HV/HD), (c) the neostriatum and ectostriatum together (Neo/Ecto), and (d) the ...
... Insight Color video camera and SPOT Advanced imaging software (Diagnostic Instruments, Version 2.4.5 for Windows): (a) the hyperstriatum accessorium (HA), (b) the hyperstriatum ventrale and hyperstriatum dorsale together (HV/HD), (c) the neostriatum and ectostriatum together (Neo/Ecto), and (d) the ...
Fine Gating Properties of Channels Responsible for Persistent
... constants, and the slowest of which are represented by relatively few samples (see Blatz and Magleby, 1986; Sigworth and Sine, 1987; McManus et al., 1987). Hence, logarithmic plots were routinely used for the analysis of intraburst open and closed times as well as burst duration, and in these cases ...
... constants, and the slowest of which are represented by relatively few samples (see Blatz and Magleby, 1986; Sigworth and Sine, 1987; McManus et al., 1987). Hence, logarithmic plots were routinely used for the analysis of intraburst open and closed times as well as burst duration, and in these cases ...
Responses of single neurons in the human brain during flash
... activity in at least some higher parts of cortex should strongly correlate with the subjective, perceptual experience. We have taken a unique opportunity to record the firing responses of neurons in the human brain and the relation of those responses to perception. Subjects were patients with pharma ...
... activity in at least some higher parts of cortex should strongly correlate with the subjective, perceptual experience. We have taken a unique opportunity to record the firing responses of neurons in the human brain and the relation of those responses to perception. Subjects were patients with pharma ...
Cellular scaling rules for the brain of afrotherians
... cortex in all animals was manually dissected from the striatum and other subcortical structures. The hippocampus was then dissected from each cortical hemisphere, under a stereoscope. The cerebral cortex of the hyrax specimens was then cut into 2 mm coronal sections in order to allow the dissection ...
... cortex in all animals was manually dissected from the striatum and other subcortical structures. The hippocampus was then dissected from each cortical hemisphere, under a stereoscope. The cerebral cortex of the hyrax specimens was then cut into 2 mm coronal sections in order to allow the dissection ...
Rich-club organization in effective connectivity among cortical neurons
... of communication, it is virtually unknown how information is transferred in local cortical networks, consisting of hundreds of closely spaced neurons. To address this, it is important to record simultaneously from hundreds of neurons at a spacing that matches typical axonal connection distances, and ...
... of communication, it is virtually unknown how information is transferred in local cortical networks, consisting of hundreds of closely spaced neurons. To address this, it is important to record simultaneously from hundreds of neurons at a spacing that matches typical axonal connection distances, and ...
Morphology of Feedback Neurons in the Mushroom Body of the
... Wild-Polyvar microscope (Leica, Bensheim, Germany). For this study, 28 specimens were evaluated. Each consisted of 1–20 marked neurons; thus, more than 200 neurons were stained and analyzed. According to their branching patterns, the feedback neurons could be classified into different classes. Howev ...
... Wild-Polyvar microscope (Leica, Bensheim, Germany). For this study, 28 specimens were evaluated. Each consisted of 1–20 marked neurons; thus, more than 200 neurons were stained and analyzed. According to their branching patterns, the feedback neurons could be classified into different classes. Howev ...
Hypothesized Deficiency of Guanine
... CSF. In view of this, lowered CSF HVA levels in Lesch-Nyhan syndrome implicate the basal ganglia in the emergence of at least some of the CNS symptoms (eg, choreoathetosis). Perhaps a diminished release of dopamine from terminals within basal ganglia leads to a compensatory up-regulation in the sens ...
... CSF. In view of this, lowered CSF HVA levels in Lesch-Nyhan syndrome implicate the basal ganglia in the emergence of at least some of the CNS symptoms (eg, choreoathetosis). Perhaps a diminished release of dopamine from terminals within basal ganglia leads to a compensatory up-regulation in the sens ...
Ultrastructural Characterization of Gerbil Olivocochlear Neurons
... the cochlea (Ryan et al., 1987). It is still unresolved whether the small neurons compose the entire population of “intraLSO” OC neurons, as suggested by Ryan et al. (1987) or whether class 5 neurons also contribute to this population. This study was undertaken to characterize the ultrastructure of ...
... the cochlea (Ryan et al., 1987). It is still unresolved whether the small neurons compose the entire population of “intraLSO” OC neurons, as suggested by Ryan et al. (1987) or whether class 5 neurons also contribute to this population. This study was undertaken to characterize the ultrastructure of ...
Dynamics of Propofol-Induced Loss of Consciousness Across
... to 10 min after propofol infusion was started, the animals underusing standard signal processing and statistical toolboxes. Peristimuwent LOC and the spectral profiles shifted to a brief period of lus time histograms (PSTHs) were constructed for each neuron by high-frequency broadband oscillations ( ...
... to 10 min after propofol infusion was started, the animals underusing standard signal processing and statistical toolboxes. Peristimuwent LOC and the spectral profiles shifted to a brief period of lus time histograms (PSTHs) were constructed for each neuron by high-frequency broadband oscillations ( ...
judasMRT99
... described NADPH-d and nNOS-positive Cajal-Retzius cells in the rat neocortical marginal zone already at embryonic days E14 and E15, and stressed that these are the earliest appearing nitrinergic neurons in the neocortical anlage. Finally, NADPH-d neurons of the marginal zone were reported in all pub ...
... described NADPH-d and nNOS-positive Cajal-Retzius cells in the rat neocortical marginal zone already at embryonic days E14 and E15, and stressed that these are the earliest appearing nitrinergic neurons in the neocortical anlage. Finally, NADPH-d neurons of the marginal zone were reported in all pub ...
Induction of NADPH diaphoraselnitric oxide synthase in the spinal
... central nervous system (Bredt et al., 1991; Dawson et al., 1991). Therefore, the localization of NADPH-d is generally considered to be reflective of the presence of NOS and, hence, its use as a specific histochemical marker for neurons containing NO. Very interestingly NADPH-d containing neurons wer ...
... central nervous system (Bredt et al., 1991; Dawson et al., 1991). Therefore, the localization of NADPH-d is generally considered to be reflective of the presence of NOS and, hence, its use as a specific histochemical marker for neurons containing NO. Very interestingly NADPH-d containing neurons wer ...
A cellular mechanism for cortical associations: an organizing
... Figure 2. Backpropagation activated calcium spike firing (BAC firing). (a) (Left) Schematic depiction of an in vitro experiment from a layer 5 (L5) pyramidal neuron with triple recordings from soma (blue) and dendritic tree (black and red). (Right, top) Simulated distal excitatory postsynaptic poten ...
... Figure 2. Backpropagation activated calcium spike firing (BAC firing). (a) (Left) Schematic depiction of an in vitro experiment from a layer 5 (L5) pyramidal neuron with triple recordings from soma (blue) and dendritic tree (black and red). (Right, top) Simulated distal excitatory postsynaptic poten ...
PDF - Folia Biologica
... vertebrate brain. This complicated process peaked in the human brain. In the human neocortex are deposited structural and functional mechanisms of language, thinking, planning and other cognitive functions that significantly differentiate human beings from other mammals. Mammalian neocortex consists ...
... vertebrate brain. This complicated process peaked in the human brain. In the human neocortex are deposited structural and functional mechanisms of language, thinking, planning and other cognitive functions that significantly differentiate human beings from other mammals. Mammalian neocortex consists ...
Synaptic pathways and inhibitory gates in the spinal cord dorsal horn
... integrated current of EPSCs evoked using A (25 A) and A␦ (100 A), but not C fiber (500 A) stimulation intensities were significantly increased after disinhibition (Fig. 1B). This novel A fiber input was identified as polysynaptic in nature because the input showed both failures and substantial ...
... integrated current of EPSCs evoked using A (25 A) and A␦ (100 A), but not C fiber (500 A) stimulation intensities were significantly increased after disinhibition (Fig. 1B). This novel A fiber input was identified as polysynaptic in nature because the input showed both failures and substantial ...
Neurons of the Central Complex of the Locust Schistocerca gregaria
... 1C), one neuron (8%) was tonically excited (Fig. 2 B), and four neurons (31%) showed no clear response. Frontal or lateral light flashes were less effective than dorsal stimulation (Fig. 2 B). Polarized light presented dorsally elicited tonic excitations, tonic inhibitions, or no change in spiking a ...
... 1C), one neuron (8%) was tonically excited (Fig. 2 B), and four neurons (31%) showed no clear response. Frontal or lateral light flashes were less effective than dorsal stimulation (Fig. 2 B). Polarized light presented dorsally elicited tonic excitations, tonic inhibitions, or no change in spiking a ...
Using calcium imaging to understand function and learning in L2/3
... organization and functional basis of this sparse code is not well understood. I conducted two studies to characterize function and learning in the cortex. In the first study, I used population calcium i ...
... organization and functional basis of this sparse code is not well understood. I conducted two studies to characterize function and learning in the cortex. In the first study, I used population calcium i ...
Neuroanatomical characteristics of deep and superficial needling
... horn of the spinal cord (figure 2A). Following intramuscular injection, labelled motor neurons were distributed from C5 to T1 with highest concentrations at the C8 segment ( presented in figure 2A). Meanwhile, following subcutaneous injection, labelled motor neurons were limited to the C7 and C8 seg ...
... horn of the spinal cord (figure 2A). Following intramuscular injection, labelled motor neurons were distributed from C5 to T1 with highest concentrations at the C8 segment ( presented in figure 2A). Meanwhile, following subcutaneous injection, labelled motor neurons were limited to the C7 and C8 seg ...
Reward-Dependent Spatial Selectivity of Anticipatory Activity in
... Before the single-unit recording experiment, we obtained MR images (AIRIS, 0.3 T; Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) such that they were perpendicular to the recording chamber. We then determined the recording sites in the CD based on the chamber-based coordinates (Kawagoe et al. 1998). The recording sites were ...
... Before the single-unit recording experiment, we obtained MR images (AIRIS, 0.3 T; Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) such that they were perpendicular to the recording chamber. We then determined the recording sites in the CD based on the chamber-based coordinates (Kawagoe et al. 1998). The recording sites were ...
2. Aim of the thesis
... contribution of nAChRs to neuronal network function, in particular since dissection of network physiology is feasible both in vitro and in situ. In order to obtain a full appreciation of cholinergic transmission in neuronal network function, it is crucial to know the various molecular players in the ...
... contribution of nAChRs to neuronal network function, in particular since dissection of network physiology is feasible both in vitro and in situ. In order to obtain a full appreciation of cholinergic transmission in neuronal network function, it is crucial to know the various molecular players in the ...
FEATURE ARTICLE Coding of Object Location in
... Standard methods for single-unit recordings were used (Szwed et al. 2003). Single units were sorted online by spike templates (MSD-3.21; Alpha-Omega Engineering). Units were considered to be “single,” that is, to represent individual neurons, only if their spike shapes were homogenous, and did not o ...
... Standard methods for single-unit recordings were used (Szwed et al. 2003). Single units were sorted online by spike templates (MSD-3.21; Alpha-Omega Engineering). Units were considered to be “single,” that is, to represent individual neurons, only if their spike shapes were homogenous, and did not o ...
Stimulation-Induced Functional Decoupling (SIFD)
... Study of the giant squid axon, measurement of the membrane potential under different stimulation currents + ionic channels hypothesis. ...
... Study of the giant squid axon, measurement of the membrane potential under different stimulation currents + ionic channels hypothesis. ...
relation between cell size and response characteristics of
... the cell body and the axonal diameter of LVN neurons (Deiters, 1865) and physiologic measurements of axonal conduction velocity of LVN neurons activated antidromically from the lumbar cord (Ito et al., 1964; Wilson et al., 1967; Akaike et al., 1973) have confirmed this finding. Finally, these two ne ...
... the cell body and the axonal diameter of LVN neurons (Deiters, 1865) and physiologic measurements of axonal conduction velocity of LVN neurons activated antidromically from the lumbar cord (Ito et al., 1964; Wilson et al., 1967; Akaike et al., 1973) have confirmed this finding. Finally, these two ne ...
1. Materials and Methods
... post-hoc analyses were performed to check differences between individual conditions. In particular, a comparison of the responses to the best and less effective action during the late epoch of the sound-only condition was used to test if a neuron could differentiate between two actions based on soun ...
... post-hoc analyses were performed to check differences between individual conditions. In particular, a comparison of the responses to the best and less effective action during the late epoch of the sound-only condition was used to test if a neuron could differentiate between two actions based on soun ...
EUGENE GARFIELD
... 1976, authored three books (with nearly 7(M3 scientific works referencing them) on aspects of neural scienee and neurobiology. Since 1968, when his first review article was published, Kandel’s reviews have had a significant intluenee on the field of neurobiology. (Table 1 is a list of his most-cited ...
... 1976, authored three books (with nearly 7(M3 scientific works referencing them) on aspects of neural scienee and neurobiology. Since 1968, when his first review article was published, Kandel’s reviews have had a significant intluenee on the field of neurobiology. (Table 1 is a list of his most-cited ...