Op Amp integrated 8th order Butterworth low pass filter
... design, because each component affects the entire filter shape, not just one pole-zero pair. In other words, a mismatched component in a biquad design will have a concentrated error on its respective poles, while the same mismatch in a ladder filter design results in an error distributed over all po ...
... design, because each component affects the entire filter shape, not just one pole-zero pair. In other words, a mismatched component in a biquad design will have a concentrated error on its respective poles, while the same mismatch in a ladder filter design results in an error distributed over all po ...
basics of acceleration measurements!
... z Signal = 2, noise = 1 error ≈ 12 % z At 10 DOF (5 aver.) error up to 35% z At 20(10aver.) error range up to 28%. z At 40(20 aver.) error 25% z Need 500 averages to approach 12% z ...
... z Signal = 2, noise = 1 error ≈ 12 % z At 10 DOF (5 aver.) error up to 35% z At 20(10aver.) error range up to 28%. z At 40(20 aver.) error 25% z Need 500 averages to approach 12% z ...
LTC6908-1/LTC6908-2 - Resistor Set SOT-23
... As stated previously, the modulating waveform is a pseudorandom noise-like waveform. The pseudorandom signal is generated by a linear feedback shift register that is 15 bits long. The pseudorandom sequence will repeat every (215 – 1) • N clock cycles. This guarantees a repetition rate below 20Hz for ...
... As stated previously, the modulating waveform is a pseudorandom noise-like waveform. The pseudorandom signal is generated by a linear feedback shift register that is 15 bits long. The pseudorandom sequence will repeat every (215 – 1) • N clock cycles. This guarantees a repetition rate below 20Hz for ...
thesis
... with low loss waveguides which are theoretically possible, the total power consumption for interconnects can be greatly reduced. With WDM, we can use architectures that have fewer routers, hence lower latency. A cartoon of an integrated photonic intra-chip WDM link is shown in Figure 1-1 [1]. The la ...
... with low loss waveguides which are theoretically possible, the total power consumption for interconnects can be greatly reduced. With WDM, we can use architectures that have fewer routers, hence lower latency. A cartoon of an integrated photonic intra-chip WDM link is shown in Figure 1-1 [1]. The la ...
Clock Distribution
... distribution -- grid + Htree approach Power = 32% of total Wire usage = 3% of ...
... distribution -- grid + Htree approach Power = 32% of total Wire usage = 3% of ...
CERN/EP/ATE/DQ TTCvx _____________________________________________________________________________________
... The A and B inputs are DC-coupled and terminated by Thevenin networks, having a resulting impedance of 50 W. The External Clock input is AC-coupled and then terminated by 50 W. All inputs are biased to ECL "0" level when no input signal is applied. The ECL input signals are in this block shifted to ...
... The A and B inputs are DC-coupled and terminated by Thevenin networks, having a resulting impedance of 50 W. The External Clock input is AC-coupled and then terminated by 50 W. All inputs are biased to ECL "0" level when no input signal is applied. The ECL input signals are in this block shifted to ...
Limiting instabilities in multibunch : review and cures
... Fundamental mode : R/Q = 45 / cavity ...
... Fundamental mode : R/Q = 45 / cavity ...
A current-driven single-atom memory
... A current-driven single-atom memory C. Schirm1†, M. Matt1, F. Pauly1, J. C. Cuevas2, P. Nielaba1 and E. Scheer1 * The possibility of fabricating electronic devices with functional building blocks of atomic size is a major driving force of nanotechnology1. The key elements in electronic circuits are ...
... A current-driven single-atom memory C. Schirm1†, M. Matt1, F. Pauly1, J. C. Cuevas2, P. Nielaba1 and E. Scheer1 * The possibility of fabricating electronic devices with functional building blocks of atomic size is a major driving force of nanotechnology1. The key elements in electronic circuits are ...
Lab 8: Frequency Response and Passive Filters
... On the horizontal axis, the frequency is represented on a log scale. On the log scale, the distance between10 and 100 rad/s is equal to that between 100 and 1000 rad/s. This is due to the fact that (log 100 log 10) (log 1000 log 100) = 1. The distance from 10 to 20 is 30% of the distance betwe ...
... On the horizontal axis, the frequency is represented on a log scale. On the log scale, the distance between10 and 100 rad/s is equal to that between 100 and 1000 rad/s. This is due to the fact that (log 100 log 10) (log 1000 log 100) = 1. The distance from 10 to 20 is 30% of the distance betwe ...
Experimental Investigation of the Ytterbium 6s6p 3P--
... Cross section and pressure broadening and shift measurements were performed at a temperature of 700 10 K in the central region of the vapor cell (the middle 20 cm heated by a ceramic beaded heater [17]). The temperature of the central region measured with a thermocouple is consistent with that ded ...
... Cross section and pressure broadening and shift measurements were performed at a temperature of 700 10 K in the central region of the vapor cell (the middle 20 cm heated by a ceramic beaded heater [17]). The temperature of the central region measured with a thermocouple is consistent with that ded ...
LTC1264 - High Speed, Quad Universal Filter Building Block
... This mode extends the circuit topology of Mode 3a to Mode 2 (Figure 9) where the highpass notch and lowpass outputs are summed through two external resistors RH and RL to create a lowpass output with a notch higher in frequency than the notch in Mode 2. This mode, shown in Figure 8, is most useful i ...
... This mode extends the circuit topology of Mode 3a to Mode 2 (Figure 9) where the highpass notch and lowpass outputs are summed through two external resistors RH and RL to create a lowpass output with a notch higher in frequency than the notch in Mode 2. This mode, shown in Figure 8, is most useful i ...
(f-fo0) sin(2rrf0t) + (2n+l)!
... sampled bus voltages has been developed in the last secticn. This algorithm is affected by many factors, such as, the size of data window, sampling frequency, time reference and the level of truncation of the Taylor series expansions of sine and cosine terms. As described in the last secticn, each v ...
... sampled bus voltages has been developed in the last secticn. This algorithm is affected by many factors, such as, the size of data window, sampling frequency, time reference and the level of truncation of the Taylor series expansions of sine and cosine terms. As described in the last secticn, each v ...
Unit 6 PowerPoint Slides
... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinusoid Sinusoids are the most important of these. ...
... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinusoid Sinusoids are the most important of these. ...
OSA 5420 Series
... Driven by the continuing evolution of radio access networks to support higher data rates, increased coverage and better spectrum utilization, cost-effective delivery of assured phase, frequency and time-of-day synchronization at the edge of mobile backhaul networks has become a challenge. Are you fa ...
... Driven by the continuing evolution of radio access networks to support higher data rates, increased coverage and better spectrum utilization, cost-effective delivery of assured phase, frequency and time-of-day synchronization at the edge of mobile backhaul networks has become a challenge. Are you fa ...
L. Huang, W. Rieutort-Louis, A. Gualdino, L. Teagno, Y. Hu, J. Mouro, J. Sanz-Robinson, J.C. Sturm, S. Wagner, V. Chu, J. Conde, and N. Verma, "An ASIC for Readout of Post-processed Thin-film MEMS Resonators by Employing Capacitive Interfacing and Active Parasitic Cancellation", VLSI Symp. on Circuits (VLSI) (JUN2014).
... a corresponding DC component is generated and provided to the integrator, while, with VCP out of phase, the corresponding DC component is nulled. In fact, this approach not only isolates the RMLMCM admittance, but further enhances its resonant peak. In particular, off resonance, the admittance reduc ...
... a corresponding DC component is generated and provided to the integrator, while, with VCP out of phase, the corresponding DC component is nulled. In fact, this approach not only isolates the RMLMCM admittance, but further enhances its resonant peak. In particular, off resonance, the admittance reduc ...
Half VDD Clock-Swing Flip-Flop with Reduced Contention for up to
... A conventional D-F/F preceded by a low-to-high level converter (LHDFF), RCSFF, NDKFF and CRFF have been designed on a 90 nm bulk CMOS technology (Fig. 1). The F/Fs have been sized in order to provide highest speed while minimizing their area and guaranteeing proper operation at all process corners. ...
... A conventional D-F/F preceded by a low-to-high level converter (LHDFF), RCSFF, NDKFF and CRFF have been designed on a 90 nm bulk CMOS technology (Fig. 1). The F/Fs have been sized in order to provide highest speed while minimizing their area and guaranteeing proper operation at all process corners. ...
00924853 - Department of Electronics
... subfeedback loop which gives the highest oscillation frequency. A fully integrated 1.25-GHz 0.35- m CMOS phase-locked-loop clock generator that incorporates the proposed voltage-controlled oscillator topology was designed and implemented for a data transceiver. It provides eight-phase outputs and ac ...
... subfeedback loop which gives the highest oscillation frequency. A fully integrated 1.25-GHz 0.35- m CMOS phase-locked-loop clock generator that incorporates the proposed voltage-controlled oscillator topology was designed and implemented for a data transceiver. It provides eight-phase outputs and ac ...
Solution
... How many effective bits are in your combined counter? How many clock cycles occur before RCO on the second counter signals that this counter has rolled over? ...
... How many effective bits are in your combined counter? How many clock cycles occur before RCO on the second counter signals that this counter has rolled over? ...
lecture 5:bjt frequency response
... reactance is low at high frequencies. The gain falls off at high frequency end due to the internal capacitances of the transistor. Transistors exhibit charge-storage phenomena that limit the speed and frequency of their operation. Small capacitances exist between the base and collector and between t ...
... reactance is low at high frequencies. The gain falls off at high frequency end due to the internal capacitances of the transistor. Transistors exhibit charge-storage phenomena that limit the speed and frequency of their operation. Small capacitances exist between the base and collector and between t ...
Application Notes
... Frequency tolerance: The maximum allowable frequency deviation from a specified nominal frequency at ambient room temperature (25°C ± 3°C). Frequency tolerance is expressed in percent (%) or parts per millions (ppm). Frequency stability: The maximum allowable frequency deviation from the ambient tem ...
... Frequency tolerance: The maximum allowable frequency deviation from a specified nominal frequency at ambient room temperature (25°C ± 3°C). Frequency tolerance is expressed in percent (%) or parts per millions (ppm). Frequency stability: The maximum allowable frequency deviation from the ambient tem ...
Rebuilding a Potassium Quantum Gas Apparatus
... can deliver around 1 W of power, this is sufficient for driving the AOMs. The ZOS-300 VCO has a pre-amplifier attached to its output (mini-circuits ZFL-500LN) in order to provide enough power to drive the main amplifier (ZHL-3A), which in turn provides the required power for the AOM. One of our AOMs ...
... can deliver around 1 W of power, this is sufficient for driving the AOMs. The ZOS-300 VCO has a pre-amplifier attached to its output (mini-circuits ZFL-500LN) in order to provide enough power to drive the main amplifier (ZHL-3A), which in turn provides the required power for the AOM. One of our AOMs ...
The Choice Uncertainty Principle
... it from sending signals while in a metastable state. Therefore, all entities interacting with the arbiter will be blocked while the arbiter is metastable, and there is no need to stop a clock. The main effect of the metastable state is to add an unknown delay to the access time to the shared entity. ...
... it from sending signals while in a metastable state. Therefore, all entities interacting with the arbiter will be blocked while the arbiter is metastable, and there is no need to stop a clock. The main effect of the metastable state is to add an unknown delay to the access time to the shared entity. ...
oscillators
... in the form of an electrostatic field and which produces a potential (static voltage) across its plates, while the inductive coil stores its energy in the form of an electromagnetic field. The capacitor is charged up to the DC supply voltage, V by putting the switch in position A. When the capacitor ...
... in the form of an electrostatic field and which produces a potential (static voltage) across its plates, while the inductive coil stores its energy in the form of an electromagnetic field. The capacitor is charged up to the DC supply voltage, V by putting the switch in position A. When the capacitor ...
LTC6905 - 17MHz to 170MHz Resistor Set SOT-23 Oscillator.
... the frequency, and an internal three-state divider (DIV input) allows for division of the master clock by 1, 2 or 4, providing three frequencies for each RSET value. ...
... the frequency, and an internal three-state divider (DIV input) allows for division of the master clock by 1, 2 or 4, providing three frequencies for each RSET value. ...
Signal to noise ratio (SNR)
... like ISI (inter symbol interference) jitter, comes from system consideration and are not part of this presentation. Since most jitter in a electrical circuit is caused by thermal noise, which has a Gaussian distribution, random jitter also follows a Gaussian distribution (Normal distribution). Jitte ...
... like ISI (inter symbol interference) jitter, comes from system consideration and are not part of this presentation. Since most jitter in a electrical circuit is caused by thermal noise, which has a Gaussian distribution, random jitter also follows a Gaussian distribution (Normal distribution). Jitte ...
Atomic clock
An atomic clock is a clock device that uses an electronic transition frequency in the microwave, optical, or ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum of atoms as a frequency standard for its timekeeping element. Atomic clocks are the most accurate time and frequency standards known, and are used as primary standards for international time distribution services, to control the wave frequency of television broadcasts, and in global navigation satellite systems such as GPS.The principle of operation of an atomic clock is not based on nuclear physics, but rather on atomic physics; it uses the microwave signal that electrons in atoms emit when they change energy levels. Early atomic clocks were based on masers at room temperature. Currently, the most accurate atomic clocks first cool the atoms to near absolute zero temperature by slowing them with lasers and probing them in atomic fountains in a microwave-filled cavity. An example of this is the NIST-F1 atomic clock, one of the U.S.'s national primary time and frequency standards.The accuracy of an atomic clock depends on two factors. The first factor is temperature of the sample atoms—colder atoms move much more slowly, allowing longer probe times. The second factor is the frequency and intrinsic width of the electronic transition. Higher frequencies and narrow lines increase the precision.National standards agencies in many countries maintain a network of atomic clocks which are intercompared and kept synchronized to an accuracy of 10−9 seconds per day (approximately 1 part in 1014). These clocks collectively define a continuous and stable time scale, International Atomic Time (TAI). For civil time, another time scale is disseminated, Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). UTC is derived from TAI, but approximately synchronised, by using leap seconds, to UT1, which is based on actual rotation of the Earth with respect to the solar time.