Probehead with interchangeable tunable bridged loop
... to Q-band frequencies.5 The loop-gap resonator has also been used in NMR6 and several optically detected magnetic resonance ~ODMR! investigations.7,8 In these experiments the resonance frequency was shifted by introducing a dielectric material ~mica plate, sapphire! into the gap. Unfortunately, this ...
... to Q-band frequencies.5 The loop-gap resonator has also been used in NMR6 and several optically detected magnetic resonance ~ODMR! investigations.7,8 In these experiments the resonance frequency was shifted by introducing a dielectric material ~mica plate, sapphire! into the gap. Unfortunately, this ...
simulation and performance evaluation of passive optical
... BPON: The Broadband passive optical network (BPON) was the first attempt towards a PON standard. It is controlled by the ITU-T and is designated as ITU-T G.983 [5]. It established the general requirements for PON protocols. BPON use Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) as the underlying transport mechan ...
... BPON: The Broadband passive optical network (BPON) was the first attempt towards a PON standard. It is controlled by the ITU-T and is designated as ITU-T G.983 [5]. It established the general requirements for PON protocols. BPON use Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) as the underlying transport mechan ...
Lecture 8 - The University of Texas at Austin
... – Interconnect delays (RC) do NOT scale well with feature size. – RLC effects of the GCDN may require extensive analysis. – Reducing cycle time means clock skew budget is a larger percentage of the cycle time. Die sizes are getting bigger – Longer clock distribution networks resulting in increase sk ...
... – Interconnect delays (RC) do NOT scale well with feature size. – RLC effects of the GCDN may require extensive analysis. – Reducing cycle time means clock skew budget is a larger percentage of the cycle time. Die sizes are getting bigger – Longer clock distribution networks resulting in increase sk ...
Simplification of millimeter-wave radio-over
... supported by current wireless-internet networks [2]. Such expectations can only be met by enabling broadband wireless access (BWA) at speeds no less than 50 to 100 Mbps per user [3]. Existing wireless access schemes, which mainly operate at lower microwave frequencies (<5 GHz), cannot offer such spe ...
... supported by current wireless-internet networks [2]. Such expectations can only be met by enabling broadband wireless access (BWA) at speeds no less than 50 to 100 Mbps per user [3]. Existing wireless access schemes, which mainly operate at lower microwave frequencies (<5 GHz), cannot offer such spe ...
Aalborg Universitet
... to achieve resonance damping. Based on the available choices of feedback variables, active damping of the capacitor current control strategy is used for LLCL-filter. First, the system is described and its stability is analyzed in Section II. In Section III, a more general analysis of different activ ...
... to achieve resonance damping. Based on the available choices of feedback variables, active damping of the capacitor current control strategy is used for LLCL-filter. First, the system is described and its stability is analyzed in Section II. In Section III, a more general analysis of different activ ...
2946A Avionics Communications Service Monitor Communication
... The 2946A measures the power of low level signals such as those encountered when monitoring off-air signals or those found when probing a circuit. 150 W measurement is provided without the need for external attenuators, so high power base stations can be measured directly. Measurement accuracy of be ...
... The 2946A measures the power of low level signals such as those encountered when monitoring off-air signals or those found when probing a circuit. 150 W measurement is provided without the need for external attenuators, so high power base stations can be measured directly. Measurement accuracy of be ...
Data Sheet 85098-0003 -- Clock System
... under the corrective control of a GE Model 24A715 or 24A715M Master Time/Program Clock. The 24CC10 can also operate under the corrective control of a StarCall®, StarCare™ or MCS350 master clock. The 24CC10 is powered by a separate 10 to 24Vac or 10 to 15Vdc power source. The 24CC10 has five operatin ...
... under the corrective control of a GE Model 24A715 or 24A715M Master Time/Program Clock. The 24CC10 can also operate under the corrective control of a StarCall®, StarCare™ or MCS350 master clock. The 24CC10 is powered by a separate 10 to 24Vac or 10 to 15Vdc power source. The 24CC10 has five operatin ...
A Fully Integrated CMOS Phase-Locked Loop With 30MHz to 2GHz
... digital CMOS technology is described. The PLL is intended for use in multi-gigabit-persecond clock recovery circuits in fiber-optic communication chips. This PLL first time achieved a very large locking range measured to be from 30MHz up to 2GHz in 0.24μm CMOS technologies. Also it has very low peak ...
... digital CMOS technology is described. The PLL is intended for use in multi-gigabit-persecond clock recovery circuits in fiber-optic communication chips. This PLL first time achieved a very large locking range measured to be from 30MHz up to 2GHz in 0.24μm CMOS technologies. Also it has very low peak ...
A 36 nW, 7 ppm/C on-Chip Clock Source Platform for Near
... oscillator consumes only 1.5 nW power at a power supply of 0.3 V [6]. To generate higher frequencies in the range of 370 kHz to 3.8 MHz, a digitally controlled leakage-based oscillator along with a multiplier delay-locked loop [7] can be used, but it requires a clean reference clock such as a XTAL o ...
... oscillator consumes only 1.5 nW power at a power supply of 0.3 V [6]. To generate higher frequencies in the range of 370 kHz to 3.8 MHz, a digitally controlled leakage-based oscillator along with a multiplier delay-locked loop [7] can be used, but it requires a clean reference clock such as a XTAL o ...
MIT 6.375 Lecture 01
... Computer Science & Artificial Intelligence Lab Massachusetts Institute of Technology ...
... Computer Science & Artificial Intelligence Lab Massachusetts Institute of Technology ...
NI PXIe-5171R Specifications
... present, and the empty slots contain PXI chassis slot blockers and filler panels. For more information about cooling, refer to the Maintain Forced-Air Cooling Note to Users available at ni.com/manuals. ...
... present, and the empty slots contain PXI chassis slot blockers and filler panels. For more information about cooling, refer to the Maintain Forced-Air Cooling Note to Users available at ni.com/manuals. ...
Accepted Manuscript
... The waveguide crosses the polysilicon photodetector, permitting direct vertical coupling from the waveguide to the photodetector. This enhances the effective optical absorption coefficient of the polysilicon compared to normal incidence systems. Absorption coefficients as high as 0.67 dB/µm at 10 V ...
... The waveguide crosses the polysilicon photodetector, permitting direct vertical coupling from the waveguide to the photodetector. This enhances the effective optical absorption coefficient of the polysilicon compared to normal incidence systems. Absorption coefficients as high as 0.67 dB/µm at 10 V ...
On-chip optical interconnect for low-power
... over a chip has a high cost in terms of power: clock distribution for instance requires a significant part (30-50%) of total chip power in highperformance microprocessors. A promising approach to the interconnect problem is the use of an optical interconnect layer, which could empower an increase in ...
... over a chip has a high cost in terms of power: clock distribution for instance requires a significant part (30-50%) of total chip power in highperformance microprocessors. A promising approach to the interconnect problem is the use of an optical interconnect layer, which could empower an increase in ...
Radio Receivers
... The harmonics are substantially reduced by the use of band pass filter which passes only the minimum bandwidth necessary to preserve the information signal. The If amplifiers are specially designed for ideal saturation and is called limiter. The detector stage consists of discriminator and de-emphas ...
... The harmonics are substantially reduced by the use of band pass filter which passes only the minimum bandwidth necessary to preserve the information signal. The If amplifiers are specially designed for ideal saturation and is called limiter. The detector stage consists of discriminator and de-emphas ...
What is an oscillator
... •The twin-T – 2 types RC filters (LPF & HPF) used in feedback looputilizes a bandstop/notch arrangement of RC circuits to block all but the frequency of operation in the negative feedback loop. •The only frequency allowed to effectively oscillate is the frequency of resonance, fr •Oscillation only o ...
... •The twin-T – 2 types RC filters (LPF & HPF) used in feedback looputilizes a bandstop/notch arrangement of RC circuits to block all but the frequency of operation in the negative feedback loop. •The only frequency allowed to effectively oscillate is the frequency of resonance, fr •Oscillation only o ...
2D Accelerometer
... As the technical capabilities of machines designed for use in high-precision industries continue to advance, the need to measure vibration with a higher degree of precision and to develop vibration isolation schemes is becoming increasingly important. The vibration generated by footsteps in a labora ...
... As the technical capabilities of machines designed for use in high-precision industries continue to advance, the need to measure vibration with a higher degree of precision and to develop vibration isolation schemes is becoming increasingly important. The vibration generated by footsteps in a labora ...
unit iii analog multiplier and pll
... This action is called capture process it continues till the output frequency of VCO is same as i/p signal frequency i.e Fs = f0 When fs = f0, the system is said to be locked. In locked condition, phase detector generates a d.c signal which is required to shift the output frequency of VCO from centre ...
... This action is called capture process it continues till the output frequency of VCO is same as i/p signal frequency i.e Fs = f0 When fs = f0, the system is said to be locked. In locked condition, phase detector generates a d.c signal which is required to shift the output frequency of VCO from centre ...
System clocks
... Allows the CPU and peripherals to operate from different clock sources; The system clocks depend on the device in the MSP430 family: MSP430x2xx: • The Basic Clock Module+ (BCM+); – One or two oscillators (depending on the device); – Capable of working with external crystals or resonators; – In ...
... Allows the CPU and peripherals to operate from different clock sources; The system clocks depend on the device in the MSP430 family: MSP430x2xx: • The Basic Clock Module+ (BCM+); – One or two oscillators (depending on the device); – Capable of working with external crystals or resonators; – In ...
Doppler-Induced Dynamics of Fields in Fabry
... Fabry-Perot cavities with the length of several kilometers are utilized in laser gravitational wave detectors such as LIGO [1]. The mirrors in these Fabry-Perot cavities are suspended from wires and therefore are free to move along the direction of beam propagation. Ambient seismic motion excites th ...
... Fabry-Perot cavities with the length of several kilometers are utilized in laser gravitational wave detectors such as LIGO [1]. The mirrors in these Fabry-Perot cavities are suspended from wires and therefore are free to move along the direction of beam propagation. Ambient seismic motion excites th ...
4.2.3 – Resonant Filters
... they need some sort of amplification to improve their operation and are outside the scope of this introductory unit. You will be introduced to the start of this area of work in ET5 when you look at Active Filters. So far we have assumed that all the components we have used are ‘ideal’. In practice o ...
... they need some sort of amplification to improve their operation and are outside the scope of this introductory unit. You will be introduced to the start of this area of work in ET5 when you look at Active Filters. So far we have assumed that all the components we have used are ‘ideal’. In practice o ...
LMF100 High Performance Dual Switched Capacitor Filter
... Note 4: The accuracy of the Q value is a function of the center frequency (f0). This is illustrated in the curves under the heading “Typical Peformance Characteristics”. Note 5: Vos1, Vos2, and Vos3 refer to the internal offsets as discussed in the Applications Information section 3.4. Note 6: Cross ...
... Note 4: The accuracy of the Q value is a function of the center frequency (f0). This is illustrated in the curves under the heading “Typical Peformance Characteristics”. Note 5: Vos1, Vos2, and Vos3 refer to the internal offsets as discussed in the Applications Information section 3.4. Note 6: Cross ...
System clocks
... Allows the CPU and peripherals to operate from different clock sources; The system clocks depend on the device in the MSP430 family: MSP430x2xx: • The Basic Clock Module+ (BCM+); – One or two oscillators (depending on the device); – Capable of working with external crystals or resonators; – In ...
... Allows the CPU and peripherals to operate from different clock sources; The system clocks depend on the device in the MSP430 family: MSP430x2xx: • The Basic Clock Module+ (BCM+); – One or two oscillators (depending on the device); – Capable of working with external crystals or resonators; – In ...
Frequency compensated LC networks for oscillators with the wide
... Within each class the threshold dependence on the frequency is essentially the same. There could be substantial implementation-specific variations, nevertheless when the same loss model is used in the simulation the oscillators within the same class have very similar frequency domain threshold behav ...
... Within each class the threshold dependence on the frequency is essentially the same. There could be substantial implementation-specific variations, nevertheless when the same loss model is used in the simulation the oscillators within the same class have very similar frequency domain threshold behav ...
MAX9994 SiGe High-Linearity, 1700MHz to 2200MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch General Description
... base-station receiver applications. With a 1400MHz to 2000MHz LO frequency range, this particular mixer is ideal for low-side LO injection receiver architectures. High-side LO injection is supported by the MAX9996*, which is pin-for-pin and functionally compatible with the MAX9994. In addition to of ...
... base-station receiver applications. With a 1400MHz to 2000MHz LO frequency range, this particular mixer is ideal for low-side LO injection receiver architectures. High-side LO injection is supported by the MAX9996*, which is pin-for-pin and functionally compatible with the MAX9994. In addition to of ...
Atomic clock
An atomic clock is a clock device that uses an electronic transition frequency in the microwave, optical, or ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum of atoms as a frequency standard for its timekeeping element. Atomic clocks are the most accurate time and frequency standards known, and are used as primary standards for international time distribution services, to control the wave frequency of television broadcasts, and in global navigation satellite systems such as GPS.The principle of operation of an atomic clock is not based on nuclear physics, but rather on atomic physics; it uses the microwave signal that electrons in atoms emit when they change energy levels. Early atomic clocks were based on masers at room temperature. Currently, the most accurate atomic clocks first cool the atoms to near absolute zero temperature by slowing them with lasers and probing them in atomic fountains in a microwave-filled cavity. An example of this is the NIST-F1 atomic clock, one of the U.S.'s national primary time and frequency standards.The accuracy of an atomic clock depends on two factors. The first factor is temperature of the sample atoms—colder atoms move much more slowly, allowing longer probe times. The second factor is the frequency and intrinsic width of the electronic transition. Higher frequencies and narrow lines increase the precision.National standards agencies in many countries maintain a network of atomic clocks which are intercompared and kept synchronized to an accuracy of 10−9 seconds per day (approximately 1 part in 1014). These clocks collectively define a continuous and stable time scale, International Atomic Time (TAI). For civil time, another time scale is disseminated, Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). UTC is derived from TAI, but approximately synchronised, by using leap seconds, to UT1, which is based on actual rotation of the Earth with respect to the solar time.