MAX9995 Dual, SiGe, High-Linearity, 1700MHz to 2700MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch
... Note 1: Based on junction temperature TJ = TC + (θJC x VCC x ICC). This formula can be used when the temperature of the exposed pad is known while the device is soldered down to a PCB. See the Applications Information section for details. The junction temperature must not exceed +150°C. Note 2: TC i ...
... Note 1: Based on junction temperature TJ = TC + (θJC x VCC x ICC). This formula can be used when the temperature of the exposed pad is known while the device is soldered down to a PCB. See the Applications Information section for details. The junction temperature must not exceed +150°C. Note 2: TC i ...
Pentium Processor Clock Design
... AMCC offers the SC35XX-1 series of buffered clock drivers and the SC44XX-80 series of PLL based clock drivers. The SC35XX-1 series must be driven with a TTL or PECL 2X frequency input. Each member of the series provides 20 outputs. Depending on the specific part within the series, these 20 outputs c ...
... AMCC offers the SC35XX-1 series of buffered clock drivers and the SC44XX-80 series of PLL based clock drivers. The SC35XX-1 series must be driven with a TTL or PECL 2X frequency input. Each member of the series provides 20 outputs. Depending on the specific part within the series, these 20 outputs c ...
Enhanced Raman Scattering from VibroPolariton Hybrid States
... formation of new branches, as expected. Raman scattering from the off-resonance cavity and its reference (the same structure as the cavity without the top mirror) are presented in Figure 3 b. One can see that except for a decrease in the intensities of the bands, there are no detectable new features ...
... formation of new branches, as expected. Raman scattering from the off-resonance cavity and its reference (the same structure as the cavity without the top mirror) are presented in Figure 3 b. One can see that except for a decrease in the intensities of the bands, there are no detectable new features ...
Study on the Frequency Dependence of Harmonic Current
... observed in the solution of pH=1.9. The trend in change of Rct with pH is consistent with that in charge transfer condition. Fig. 6 represents the results of harmonic current measurements as a function of frequency obtained immediately after potentiostatic polarizations for 600 s at a potential 150 ...
... observed in the solution of pH=1.9. The trend in change of Rct with pH is consistent with that in charge transfer condition. Fig. 6 represents the results of harmonic current measurements as a function of frequency obtained immediately after potentiostatic polarizations for 600 s at a potential 150 ...
On-Chip Small Capacitor Mismatches Measurement
... contains also: Section II describing the principle of the proposed capacitance to frequency conversion method based on current controlled inverters biased with betamultiplier. Section III presenting the measurement setup and respective results, as well as the comparison with previous work. Conclusio ...
... contains also: Section II describing the principle of the proposed capacitance to frequency conversion method based on current controlled inverters biased with betamultiplier. Section III presenting the measurement setup and respective results, as well as the comparison with previous work. Conclusio ...
MAX19692 12-Bit, 2.3Gsps, Multi-Nyquist DAC with Selectable Frequency Response General Description
... zones. It has been optimized for wideband communications and radar applications. It has excellent spurious and noise performance and can be used for synthesis of wideband signals in the frequency range from DC to more than 2GHz. The 2.3Gsps update rate allows digital generation of signals with more ...
... zones. It has been optimized for wideband communications and radar applications. It has excellent spurious and noise performance and can be used for synthesis of wideband signals in the frequency range from DC to more than 2GHz. The 2.3Gsps update rate allows digital generation of signals with more ...
MAX7490/MAX7491 Dual Universal Switched-Capacitor Filters General Description Features
... the two filter sections, together with two to four external resistors, can generate all standard 2nd-order functions: bandpass, lowpass, highpass, and notch (band reject). Three of these functions are simultaneously available. Fourth-order filters can be obtained by cascading the two 2nd-order filte ...
... the two filter sections, together with two to four external resistors, can generate all standard 2nd-order functions: bandpass, lowpass, highpass, and notch (band reject). Three of these functions are simultaneously available. Fourth-order filters can be obtained by cascading the two 2nd-order filte ...
Sine Wave Oscillator
... oscillator yields four sine waves 45° phase shifted relative to each other. This oscillator can be used to obtain sine/cosine or quadrature sine waves. Crystal or ceramic resonators make the most stable oscillators because resonators have an extremely high dφ/dω as a result of their nonlinear proper ...
... oscillator yields four sine waves 45° phase shifted relative to each other. This oscillator can be used to obtain sine/cosine or quadrature sine waves. Crystal or ceramic resonators make the most stable oscillators because resonators have an extremely high dφ/dω as a result of their nonlinear proper ...
Why load capacitor is needed
... transistors or even logic gates, recent ASICs if timing signal is required all have integrated amplifier and integrated feedback resistor (Rf) inside the ICs. They are known as “on-chip oscillator”. Some ASICs do not have the integrated Rf. The most common on-chip-oscillator is the positive reactanc ...
... transistors or even logic gates, recent ASICs if timing signal is required all have integrated amplifier and integrated feedback resistor (Rf) inside the ICs. They are known as “on-chip oscillator”. Some ASICs do not have the integrated Rf. The most common on-chip-oscillator is the positive reactanc ...
Absorption by atomic defects in glass composition
... • Absorption occurs when a light particle (photon) interacts with an electron and excites it to a higher • energy level. The tail of the ultraviolet absorption band is shown in figure 2-21. • UV loss (dB/km) at any wavelength can be expressed empirically as mole fraction x of GeO2 as 154.2 x ...
... • Absorption occurs when a light particle (photon) interacts with an electron and excites it to a higher • energy level. The tail of the ultraviolet absorption band is shown in figure 2-21. • UV loss (dB/km) at any wavelength can be expressed empirically as mole fraction x of GeO2 as 154.2 x ...
FREQUENCY DIVIDERS DESIGN FOR MULTI
... a tremendous expansion. This phenomenon can be explained by considering different points of view. On one side, the improvement of the microelectronics processes, especially for complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology, allowed a drastic reduction of the power consumption, and an inc ...
... a tremendous expansion. This phenomenon can be explained by considering different points of view. On one side, the improvement of the microelectronics processes, especially for complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology, allowed a drastic reduction of the power consumption, and an inc ...
Si5345/44/42 - Silicon Labs
... These jitter attenuating clock multipliers combine fourth-generation DSPLL and MultiSynth™ technologies to enable any-frequency clock generation and jitter attenuation for applications requiring the highest level of jitter performance. These devices are programmable via a serial interface with in-ci ...
... These jitter attenuating clock multipliers combine fourth-generation DSPLL and MultiSynth™ technologies to enable any-frequency clock generation and jitter attenuation for applications requiring the highest level of jitter performance. These devices are programmable via a serial interface with in-ci ...
Low-power Sequential Circuit Design Using T
... Most efforts for clock power reduction have focused on issues such as voltage swing reduction, buffer insertion, and clock routing (Friedman 1994). In many cases clock switching causes a lot of unnecessary gate activity. For that reason, reducing or suppressing unwanted clock switching becomes an i ...
... Most efforts for clock power reduction have focused on issues such as voltage swing reduction, buffer insertion, and clock routing (Friedman 1994). In many cases clock switching causes a lot of unnecessary gate activity. For that reason, reducing or suppressing unwanted clock switching becomes an i ...
A 23--24 GHz Low Power Frequency Synthesizer in 0.25
... follows the reference phase noise for frequencies up to 100 kHz. According to simulations, above that frequency and up to 10 MHz (PLL bandwidth limit), the first source of phase noise is the divider. ...
... follows the reference phase noise for frequencies up to 100 kHz. According to simulations, above that frequency and up to 10 MHz (PLL bandwidth limit), the first source of phase noise is the divider. ...
STM8S and STM8A high speed internal oscillator calibration
... The HSI frequency is evaluated from the number of pulses counted by timer TIM3 during certain calibration signal periods. For noisy mains, where positive and negative half-periods are not necessarily symmetrical, it is better to measure the whole period and not only the time difference between the r ...
... The HSI frequency is evaluated from the number of pulses counted by timer TIM3 during certain calibration signal periods. For noisy mains, where positive and negative half-periods are not necessarily symmetrical, it is better to measure the whole period and not only the time difference between the r ...
Chpt. 7 Introduction to digital system clocking
... the CSEs in the system. To prevent data from moving further then desired (achieving nontransparency), the clock phases are separated in time. This is referred to as non-overlapped clock phases. In high-performance systems various phases of the clock can be overlapped in order to increase the total s ...
... the CSEs in the system. To prevent data from moving further then desired (achieving nontransparency), the clock phases are separated in time. This is referred to as non-overlapped clock phases. In high-performance systems various phases of the clock can be overlapped in order to increase the total s ...
Bipolar Junction Transistors
... (a1) and reflected (b1) waves at Port 1 will only converge provided | s1| < 1. • These sinusoidal waves correspond to the voltage and current at the Port 1. If the waves are unbounded it means the corresponding sinusoidal voltage and current at the Port 1 will grow larger as time progresses, indic ...
... (a1) and reflected (b1) waves at Port 1 will only converge provided | s1| < 1. • These sinusoidal waves correspond to the voltage and current at the Port 1. If the waves are unbounded it means the corresponding sinusoidal voltage and current at the Port 1 will grow larger as time progresses, indic ...
1. Introduction - About the journal
... novel modern active elements [1] were published. However, there is still some space for improvements and another approach to the problem. For example, some solutions are adjusted via floating or grounded passive elements [15-20]. Oscillation-frequency adjusting resistor is there replaced by FET tran ...
... novel modern active elements [1] were published. However, there is still some space for improvements and another approach to the problem. For example, some solutions are adjusted via floating or grounded passive elements [15-20]. Oscillation-frequency adjusting resistor is there replaced by FET tran ...
MMFE-8-Specification
... the board. The outer analog reference layers should be tied to 1V2_VddX, and the inner layers to AGND. The planes for the remainder of the board may be utilized as appropriate. Note: Analog planes should not overlap Digital planes. ...
... the board. The outer analog reference layers should be tied to 1V2_VddX, and the inner layers to AGND. The planes for the remainder of the board may be utilized as appropriate. Note: Analog planes should not overlap Digital planes. ...
Aiken--PhaseShiftOsc..
... shift at the oscillation frequency. Note that a phase shift oscillator could also be built using four or more phase shift elements, with each element contributing less overall phase shift at the oscillation frequency. Normally, there is no need to do this, as it takes extra components. A minimum of ...
... shift at the oscillation frequency. Note that a phase shift oscillator could also be built using four or more phase shift elements, with each element contributing less overall phase shift at the oscillation frequency. Normally, there is no need to do this, as it takes extra components. A minimum of ...
7 Frequency response and filtering
... Actual filters will not have these "brick wall" responses; that is, they will not change abruptly from one value to another as the frequency changes The first-order RC lowpass filter was far from its ideal template With more circuit elements and more sophisticated design procedures, one can approxim ...
... Actual filters will not have these "brick wall" responses; that is, they will not change abruptly from one value to another as the frequency changes The first-order RC lowpass filter was far from its ideal template With more circuit elements and more sophisticated design procedures, one can approxim ...
LTC1569-6 - Linear Phase, DC Accurate, Low Power, 10th Order Lowpass Filter
... frequency at which the filter AC response exhibits >1dB of gain peaking. Note 5: The minimum clock frequency is arbitrarily defined as the frequecy at which the filter DC offset changes by more than 5mV. Note 6: For more details refer to the Input and Output Voltage Range paragraph in the Applicatio ...
... frequency at which the filter AC response exhibits >1dB of gain peaking. Note 5: The minimum clock frequency is arbitrarily defined as the frequecy at which the filter DC offset changes by more than 5mV. Note 6: For more details refer to the Input and Output Voltage Range paragraph in the Applicatio ...
A Guide to the Design of Laminate PCBs at Microwave
... and 0201 are now in common use and even smaller sizes, such as 01005, are also available although less commonly used. One of the consequences of the reduced size is reduced component parasitics, which facilitates their use at higher frequencies. The main parasitic component of a resistor or capacito ...
... and 0201 are now in common use and even smaller sizes, such as 01005, are also available although less commonly used. One of the consequences of the reduced size is reduced component parasitics, which facilitates their use at higher frequencies. The main parasitic component of a resistor or capacito ...
Measuring the Chirp and the Linewidth Enhancement Factor of
... pointed out in [8]. Also, it should be stressed that the number of the proposed measuring methods has kept increasing while novel types of SLs, such as those based on quantum dot (QD), have arisen, for which the determination of the !H -factor may be particularly critical [9]. In most cases, the !H ...
... pointed out in [8]. Also, it should be stressed that the number of the proposed measuring methods has kept increasing while novel types of SLs, such as those based on quantum dot (QD), have arisen, for which the determination of the !H -factor may be particularly critical [9]. In most cases, the !H ...
LTC1569-6 - Linear Phase, DC Accurate, Low Power, 10th Order
... frequency at which the filter AC response exhibits >1dB of gain peaking. Note 5: The minimum clock frequency is arbitrarily defined as the frequecy at which the filter DC offset changes by more than 5mV. Note 6: For more details refer to the Input and Output Voltage Range paragraph in the Applicatio ...
... frequency at which the filter AC response exhibits >1dB of gain peaking. Note 5: The minimum clock frequency is arbitrarily defined as the frequecy at which the filter DC offset changes by more than 5mV. Note 6: For more details refer to the Input and Output Voltage Range paragraph in the Applicatio ...
Atomic clock
An atomic clock is a clock device that uses an electronic transition frequency in the microwave, optical, or ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum of atoms as a frequency standard for its timekeeping element. Atomic clocks are the most accurate time and frequency standards known, and are used as primary standards for international time distribution services, to control the wave frequency of television broadcasts, and in global navigation satellite systems such as GPS.The principle of operation of an atomic clock is not based on nuclear physics, but rather on atomic physics; it uses the microwave signal that electrons in atoms emit when they change energy levels. Early atomic clocks were based on masers at room temperature. Currently, the most accurate atomic clocks first cool the atoms to near absolute zero temperature by slowing them with lasers and probing them in atomic fountains in a microwave-filled cavity. An example of this is the NIST-F1 atomic clock, one of the U.S.'s national primary time and frequency standards.The accuracy of an atomic clock depends on two factors. The first factor is temperature of the sample atoms—colder atoms move much more slowly, allowing longer probe times. The second factor is the frequency and intrinsic width of the electronic transition. Higher frequencies and narrow lines increase the precision.National standards agencies in many countries maintain a network of atomic clocks which are intercompared and kept synchronized to an accuracy of 10−9 seconds per day (approximately 1 part in 1014). These clocks collectively define a continuous and stable time scale, International Atomic Time (TAI). For civil time, another time scale is disseminated, Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). UTC is derived from TAI, but approximately synchronised, by using leap seconds, to UT1, which is based on actual rotation of the Earth with respect to the solar time.