PLL Fundamentals Part 3: PLL Design
... minimum integrated phase noise • 48 degrees (varies a little from design to design) is optimal for lock time • Lower Phase Margin is good for slightly better spurs, especially for higher order filters ...
... minimum integrated phase noise • 48 degrees (varies a little from design to design) is optimal for lock time • Lower Phase Margin is good for slightly better spurs, especially for higher order filters ...
Timing and Clocking Issues
... Clock Skew and Clock Jitter Clock Skew (δ): The spatial variation in arrival time of a clock transition is known as clock skew. The clock skew between two points j and k is given by tj – tk, where tj – tk are the rising edge of the clock with respect to the reference. Clock skew is constant from cy ...
... Clock Skew and Clock Jitter Clock Skew (δ): The spatial variation in arrival time of a clock transition is known as clock skew. The clock skew between two points j and k is given by tj – tk, where tj – tk are the rising edge of the clock with respect to the reference. Clock skew is constant from cy ...
Datasheet - Integrated Device Technology
... Stresses above the ratings listed below can cause permanent damage to the ICS548-05. These ratings, which are standard values for IDT commercially rated parts, are stress ratings only. Functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sectio ...
... Stresses above the ratings listed below can cause permanent damage to the ICS548-05. These ratings, which are standard values for IDT commercially rated parts, are stress ratings only. Functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sectio ...
LTC6905.pdf
... Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent r ...
... Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent r ...
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[PDF]
... Ringer is the mechanism in a telephone that announces an incoming call. The most problematic is that how to get telephone ringing when there is an incoming call. The electronic ringing circuits are normally not sensitive to the ringing voltage and they must ring with ring signal frequencies between ...
... Ringer is the mechanism in a telephone that announces an incoming call. The most problematic is that how to get telephone ringing when there is an incoming call. The electronic ringing circuits are normally not sensitive to the ringing voltage and they must ring with ring signal frequencies between ...
2-wire digital communication
... changes as well as controlling auxiliary systems. MASTER CLOCKS Either the BCMA 3000 Series or the BCMA 2000 Series master clocks may be used to control an Digital Communication system. Both master clocks are feature rich and allow for technician-level and user-level programming. The two options are ...
... changes as well as controlling auxiliary systems. MASTER CLOCKS Either the BCMA 3000 Series or the BCMA 2000 Series master clocks may be used to control an Digital Communication system. Both master clocks are feature rich and allow for technician-level and user-level programming. The two options are ...
CMOS, 125 MHz Complete DDS Synthesizer AD9850
... accomplished via a 40-bit serial data stream on a single pin. The AD9850 Complete-DDS uses advanced CMOS technology to provide this breakthrough level of functionality and performance on just 155 mW of power dissipation (+3.3 V supply). The AD9850 is available in a space saving 28-lead SSOP, surface ...
... accomplished via a 40-bit serial data stream on a single pin. The AD9850 Complete-DDS uses advanced CMOS technology to provide this breakthrough level of functionality and performance on just 155 mW of power dissipation (+3.3 V supply). The AD9850 is available in a space saving 28-lead SSOP, surface ...
AD9850 - Analog Devices
... accomplished via a 40-bit serial data stream on a single pin. The AD9850 Complete DDS uses advanced CMOS technology to provide this breakthrough level of functionality and performance on just 155 mW of power dissipation (3.3 V supply). The AD9850 is available in a space-saving 28-lead SSOP, surface- ...
... accomplished via a 40-bit serial data stream on a single pin. The AD9850 Complete DDS uses advanced CMOS technology to provide this breakthrough level of functionality and performance on just 155 mW of power dissipation (3.3 V supply). The AD9850 is available in a space-saving 28-lead SSOP, surface- ...
LPRO Rubidum Oscillator - Ham
... The Model LPRO makes use of the atomic resonance property of rubidium (87Rb) to control the frequency of an unheated quartz crystal oscillator via a frequency-locked loop (FLL). The FLL function block is shown in Figure 2-1. A microwave signal is derived from a 20 MHz voltagecontrolled crystal oscil ...
... The Model LPRO makes use of the atomic resonance property of rubidium (87Rb) to control the frequency of an unheated quartz crystal oscillator via a frequency-locked loop (FLL). The FLL function block is shown in Figure 2-1. A microwave signal is derived from a 20 MHz voltagecontrolled crystal oscil ...
The Choice Uncertainty Principle.
... it from sending signals while in a metastable state. Therefore, all entities interacting with the arbiter will be blocked while the arbiter is metastable, and there is no need to stop a clock. The main effect of the metastable state is to add an unknown delay to the access time to the shared entity. ...
... it from sending signals while in a metastable state. Therefore, all entities interacting with the arbiter will be blocked while the arbiter is metastable, and there is no need to stop a clock. The main effect of the metastable state is to add an unknown delay to the access time to the shared entity. ...
AD9850 Data Sheet
... accomplished via a 40-bit serial data stream on a single pin. The AD9850 Complete-DDS uses advanced CMOS technology to provide this breakthrough level of functionality and performance on just 155 mW of power dissipation (+3.3 V supply). The AD9850 is available in a space saving 28-lead SSOP, surface ...
... accomplished via a 40-bit serial data stream on a single pin. The AD9850 Complete-DDS uses advanced CMOS technology to provide this breakthrough level of functionality and performance on just 155 mW of power dissipation (+3.3 V supply). The AD9850 is available in a space saving 28-lead SSOP, surface ...
A Novel Single-Resistance-Controlled CFOA-Based
... impedances, single frequency [10], [12], as well as single-element-controlled sinusoidal oscillators [13] and square wave oscillators [14]. To the author’s knowledge, the oscillator proposed by [14] is the only CFOA-based square wave oscillator that has been reported in the literature so far. It use ...
... impedances, single frequency [10], [12], as well as single-element-controlled sinusoidal oscillators [13] and square wave oscillators [14]. To the author’s knowledge, the oscillator proposed by [14] is the only CFOA-based square wave oscillator that has been reported in the literature so far. It use ...
lecture1429540825
... The signal deals with very small wave wavelength is called microwave signal, this implies signal has: Wavelength (ƛ) =speed/frequency With due increase in frequency the wavelength decrease and vice versa; we can say that wavelength is inversely proportional to frequency. In communication system,it g ...
... The signal deals with very small wave wavelength is called microwave signal, this implies signal has: Wavelength (ƛ) =speed/frequency With due increase in frequency the wavelength decrease and vice versa; we can say that wavelength is inversely proportional to frequency. In communication system,it g ...
Optical Link ASICs for LHC Upgrades K.K. Gan
... contain circuitry to reduce switching noise on the power supply lines. The LVDS receiver was designed using the standard thin oxide transistors that operate with a 1.5 V supply. This allows us to not only achieve higher bandwidth over the thick oxide transistors but also produce a circuit that could ...
... contain circuitry to reduce switching noise on the power supply lines. The LVDS receiver was designed using the standard thin oxide transistors that operate with a 1.5 V supply. This allows us to not only achieve higher bandwidth over the thick oxide transistors but also produce a circuit that could ...
a CMOS, 125 MHz Complete DDS Synthesizer AD9850
... input. The AD9850’s circuit architecture allows the generation of output frequencies of up to one-half the reference clock frequency (or 62.5 MHz), and the output frequency can be digitally changed (asynchronously) at a rate of up to 23 million new frequencies per second. The device also provides fi ...
... input. The AD9850’s circuit architecture allows the generation of output frequencies of up to one-half the reference clock frequency (or 62.5 MHz), and the output frequency can be digitally changed (asynchronously) at a rate of up to 23 million new frequencies per second. The device also provides fi ...
CMOS high-speed dual-modulus frequency divider for RF frequency
... Now, an instance where minimum and maximum cell delays are different is considered. There is no combinational logic between the L1 output and the L2 input (Fig. 4). However, an inverter is required at the output of L2 to invert Q2. Although this inverter is not shown in the diagram, the evaluation t ...
... Now, an instance where minimum and maximum cell delays are different is considered. There is no combinational logic between the L1 output and the L2 input (Fig. 4). However, an inverter is required at the output of L2 to invert Q2. Although this inverter is not shown in the diagram, the evaluation t ...
PWM - Edge
... The PWM signal outputs on a TMS320F2808 device are variable duty cycle square waves with 3.3 volt amplitude. These signals can each be decomposed into a DC component plus a new square wave of identical duty-cycle but with a time-average amplitude zero. The idea behind realizing digital-to-analog (DA ...
... The PWM signal outputs on a TMS320F2808 device are variable duty cycle square waves with 3.3 volt amplitude. These signals can each be decomposed into a DC component plus a new square wave of identical duty-cycle but with a time-average amplitude zero. The idea behind realizing digital-to-analog (DA ...
MK1575-01
... Leakage across the loop filter, due to PCB contamination or poor quality loop filter capacitors, can increase input-to-output clock skew error. Concern regarding input-to-output skew error is usually limited to “zero delay” configurations, where CLK1 or CLK2 is directly connected to FBIN. In sever c ...
... Leakage across the loop filter, due to PCB contamination or poor quality loop filter capacitors, can increase input-to-output clock skew error. Concern regarding input-to-output skew error is usually limited to “zero delay” configurations, where CLK1 or CLK2 is directly connected to FBIN. In sever c ...
Oscillators
... one oscillator port in a circuit. 2. NumOctaves specifies the total number of octaves over which the oscillator search is done. Half of the octaves are below the initial frequency and half are above. For example, if NumOctaves is 2, then the frequency search goes from Freq/2 to Freq 2. Steps sets th ...
... one oscillator port in a circuit. 2. NumOctaves specifies the total number of octaves over which the oscillator search is done. Half of the octaves are below the initial frequency and half are above. For example, if NumOctaves is 2, then the frequency search goes from Freq/2 to Freq 2. Steps sets th ...
R?wäì YN
... mosaic is connected to ground through a resistor 23 to provide a return path for the cathode ray cumstances, it is essential that the carrier fre quency f be extremely constant, if the carrier beam current and act as a load resistor; varia frequency ‘J’ plus the Doppler frequency A is to tions in th ...
... mosaic is connected to ground through a resistor 23 to provide a return path for the cathode ray cumstances, it is essential that the carrier fre quency f be extremely constant, if the carrier beam current and act as a load resistor; varia frequency ‘J’ plus the Doppler frequency A is to tions in th ...
No. 3| EURAMET Technical Guide |Use of GPS Disciplined Oscillators
... The aim of this document is to provide guidelines on the use of GPS disciplined oscillators as reference standards for frequency, time interval or time scale by accredited calibration laboratories. Frequency standards adjusted using the signals transmitted by the Global Positioning System (GPS) navi ...
... The aim of this document is to provide guidelines on the use of GPS disciplined oscillators as reference standards for frequency, time interval or time scale by accredited calibration laboratories. Frequency standards adjusted using the signals transmitted by the Global Positioning System (GPS) navi ...
Circuit Techniques for On-Chip Clocking and Synchronization Behzad Mesgarzadeh
... synchronization methods, in which, speed and power consumption bottlenecks are treated. For this purpose, two new techniques based on mesochronous synchronization and resonant clocking are investigated. The mesochronous synchronization technique deals with remedies for skew and delay management. Usi ...
... synchronization methods, in which, speed and power consumption bottlenecks are treated. For this purpose, two new techniques based on mesochronous synchronization and resonant clocking are investigated. The mesochronous synchronization technique deals with remedies for skew and delay management. Usi ...
LabVIEW Project - UCONN School of Engineering
... After setting the parameters on the front panel of the VI, the beam is impacted lightly and run the VI. After sampling the signal from the strain gage conditioner for a pre-determined length of time the sampled signal is displayed along with the values for n, , and . The second VI “Freqresponse V ...
... After setting the parameters on the front panel of the VI, the beam is impacted lightly and run the VI. After sampling the signal from the strain gage conditioner for a pre-determined length of time the sampled signal is displayed along with the values for n, , and . The second VI “Freqresponse V ...
Sequential Circuit Design
... Active Clock De-Skewing • Compensates process variability, temperature gradients, imperfect design. • Can be implemented for global fixes (small HW overhead) or local fixes (high HW overhead). • Can be used at testing for one time fix (variability ...
... Active Clock De-Skewing • Compensates process variability, temperature gradients, imperfect design. • Can be implemented for global fixes (small HW overhead) or local fixes (high HW overhead). • Can be used at testing for one time fix (variability ...
Atomic clock
An atomic clock is a clock device that uses an electronic transition frequency in the microwave, optical, or ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum of atoms as a frequency standard for its timekeeping element. Atomic clocks are the most accurate time and frequency standards known, and are used as primary standards for international time distribution services, to control the wave frequency of television broadcasts, and in global navigation satellite systems such as GPS.The principle of operation of an atomic clock is not based on nuclear physics, but rather on atomic physics; it uses the microwave signal that electrons in atoms emit when they change energy levels. Early atomic clocks were based on masers at room temperature. Currently, the most accurate atomic clocks first cool the atoms to near absolute zero temperature by slowing them with lasers and probing them in atomic fountains in a microwave-filled cavity. An example of this is the NIST-F1 atomic clock, one of the U.S.'s national primary time and frequency standards.The accuracy of an atomic clock depends on two factors. The first factor is temperature of the sample atoms—colder atoms move much more slowly, allowing longer probe times. The second factor is the frequency and intrinsic width of the electronic transition. Higher frequencies and narrow lines increase the precision.National standards agencies in many countries maintain a network of atomic clocks which are intercompared and kept synchronized to an accuracy of 10−9 seconds per day (approximately 1 part in 1014). These clocks collectively define a continuous and stable time scale, International Atomic Time (TAI). For civil time, another time scale is disseminated, Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). UTC is derived from TAI, but approximately synchronised, by using leap seconds, to UT1, which is based on actual rotation of the Earth with respect to the solar time.