The Wavelength of the Cardiac Impulse and Reentrant Arrhythmias
... may lead to inrramyocardial reentry and fibrillation (Moe et al., 1962; Allessie et al., 1985). In this study, we present a simple biological model to measure directly the length of the excitation wave in atrial muscle. The influences of heart rate, premature beats, autonomic transmitters, extracell ...
... may lead to inrramyocardial reentry and fibrillation (Moe et al., 1962; Allessie et al., 1985). In this study, we present a simple biological model to measure directly the length of the excitation wave in atrial muscle. The influences of heart rate, premature beats, autonomic transmitters, extracell ...
Arrhythmia/Electrophysiology
... To evaluate the association of baseline characteristics with the incidence of syncope, univariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were fit.8 The comparison of distribution of syncope according to groups of causes was accomplished by log-rank test. The cumulative probability of syncope wa ...
... To evaluate the association of baseline characteristics with the incidence of syncope, univariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were fit.8 The comparison of distribution of syncope according to groups of causes was accomplished by log-rank test. The cumulative probability of syncope wa ...
ACC/AHA/ESC Practice Guidelines
... Klein G, Moss AJ, Myerburg RJ, Priori SG, Quinones MA, Roden DM, Silka MJ, Tracy C. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force and ...
... Klein G, Moss AJ, Myerburg RJ, Priori SG, Quinones MA, Roden DM, Silka MJ, Tracy C. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force and ...
ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for management of patients with
... The content of these European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines has been published for personal and educational use only. No commercial use is authorized. No part of the ESC Guidelines may be translated or reproduced in any form without written permission from the ESC. Permission can be obtaine ...
... The content of these European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines has been published for personal and educational use only. No commercial use is authorized. No part of the ESC Guidelines may be translated or reproduced in any form without written permission from the ESC. Permission can be obtaine ...
Relation Between Shock-Related Myocardial Injury and
... was assessed for each waveform (M 10, BI 10, and BI 20) by determining the defibrillation threshold (DFT) using the same electrode configuration and polarity as before. For DFT estimation, VF was repeatedly induced by burst pacing (output, 10 V; pulse duration, 1.5 milliseconds; cycle length, 20 to ...
... was assessed for each waveform (M 10, BI 10, and BI 20) by determining the defibrillation threshold (DFT) using the same electrode configuration and polarity as before. For DFT estimation, VF was repeatedly induced by burst pacing (output, 10 V; pulse duration, 1.5 milliseconds; cycle length, 20 to ...
The Combinatorial Activities of Nkx2.5 and dHAND Are Essential for
... fashion in the embryonic heart, with HRT1 in the atria and HRT2 in the ventricles, respectively (Nakagawa et al., 1999; Leimeister et al., 1999). dHAND/Hand2 and eHAND/Hand1 are closely related members of another bHLH subclass of transcription factors (Srivastava, 1999) that are highly conserved acr ...
... fashion in the embryonic heart, with HRT1 in the atria and HRT2 in the ventricles, respectively (Nakagawa et al., 1999; Leimeister et al., 1999). dHAND/Hand2 and eHAND/Hand1 are closely related members of another bHLH subclass of transcription factors (Srivastava, 1999) that are highly conserved acr ...
Pacing mode selection in patients with sick sinus syndrome
... to withhold the actual pacemaker treatment for patients or investigators during a study period of several years with follow-up visits including ECG, echocardiography, and pacemaker check-up. The main disadvantage of an un-blinded trial is the possibility of bias. The reporting and evaluation of subj ...
... to withhold the actual pacemaker treatment for patients or investigators during a study period of several years with follow-up visits including ECG, echocardiography, and pacemaker check-up. The main disadvantage of an un-blinded trial is the possibility of bias. The reporting and evaluation of subj ...
Atrial Remodeling and Atrial Fibrillation
... AF mechanism in many patients. RA indicates right atrium; PVs, pulmonary veins; LA, left atrium; RP, refractory period; and WL, ...
... AF mechanism in many patients. RA indicates right atrium; PVs, pulmonary veins; LA, left atrium; RP, refractory period; and WL, ...
Up-regulation of HO-1 Attenuates Left Ventricular Remodeling Post Myocardial by
... al., 2004) as well as endothelial dysfunction. Myocardial necrosis and apoptosis result in increased mechanical loading of the surviving myocardium, causing changes in ventricular architecture involving the infarct and peri-infarct zones as well as the remote non-infarcted tissue. The resultant incr ...
... al., 2004) as well as endothelial dysfunction. Myocardial necrosis and apoptosis result in increased mechanical loading of the surviving myocardium, causing changes in ventricular architecture involving the infarct and peri-infarct zones as well as the remote non-infarcted tissue. The resultant incr ...
Morphology and Electrophysiology of the Mammalian A trioven
... emphasized that in addition to this compact node, Tawara also described what we now call "transitional cells." In this transitional zone, between atrial musculature and compact node, "the cells are very sm all. They do not form a complicated network, but course more or less parallel to the posterior ...
... emphasized that in addition to this compact node, Tawara also described what we now call "transitional cells." In this transitional zone, between atrial musculature and compact node, "the cells are very sm all. They do not form a complicated network, but course more or less parallel to the posterior ...
Morphology and Electrophysiology of the Mammalian
... cannot but come to the conclusion that in larger animals the relative value of AV nodal delay decreases (113,114). It may be speculated that in very large mammals, such as the blue whale, the major part of the P-R interval is occupied by the time needed for the impulse to traverse the His bundle-Pur ...
... cannot but come to the conclusion that in larger animals the relative value of AV nodal delay decreases (113,114). It may be speculated that in very large mammals, such as the blue whale, the major part of the P-R interval is occupied by the time needed for the impulse to traverse the His bundle-Pur ...
Cardiac sympathetic innervation via middle cervical and stellate
... channelopathies, including long QT syndrome and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, who have structurally normal hearts (4, 17, 38). In a small series of patients with structural heart disease, bilateral CSD has shown promise in reducing the burden of internal cardioverter defibri ...
... channelopathies, including long QT syndrome and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, who have structurally normal hearts (4, 17, 38). In a small series of patients with structural heart disease, bilateral CSD has shown promise in reducing the burden of internal cardioverter defibri ...
Left Ventricular Eccentric Remodeling and Matrix Loss Are Mediated
... volume overload (1,2). During the compensated phase of volume overload, forward cardiac output is maintained by a greater-than-normal fractional shortening and stroke volume (2). In fact, normal or slightly reduced fractional shortSee page 822 ...
... volume overload (1,2). During the compensated phase of volume overload, forward cardiac output is maintained by a greater-than-normal fractional shortening and stroke volume (2). In fact, normal or slightly reduced fractional shortSee page 822 ...
2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with
... the time of their publication. The ESC is not responsible in the event of any contradiction, discrepancy and/or ambiguity between the ESC Guidelines and any other official recommendations or guidelines issued by the relevant public health authorities, in particular in relation to good use of healthc ...
... the time of their publication. The ESC is not responsible in the event of any contradiction, discrepancy and/or ambiguity between the ESC Guidelines and any other official recommendations or guidelines issued by the relevant public health authorities, in particular in relation to good use of healthc ...
2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with
... 5.1.1 Ventricular arrhythmias associated with acute coronary syndromes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2816 5.1.2 Prevention and management of sudden cardiac death associated with acute coronary syndromes: pre-hospital phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
... 5.1.1 Ventricular arrhythmias associated with acute coronary syndromes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2816 5.1.2 Prevention and management of sudden cardiac death associated with acute coronary syndromes: pre-hospital phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with
... 9. Paediatric arrhythmias and congenital heart disease . . . . . . . 9.1 Management of ventricular arrhythmias in children with a structurally normal heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 Sudden cardiac death and ventricular arrhythmias in patients with congenital heart disease . ...
... 9. Paediatric arrhythmias and congenital heart disease . . . . . . . 9.1 Management of ventricular arrhythmias in children with a structurally normal heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 Sudden cardiac death and ventricular arrhythmias in patients with congenital heart disease . ...
2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with
... 9. Paediatric arrhythmias and congenital heart disease . . . . . . . 9.1 Management of ventricular arrhythmias in children with a structurally normal heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 Sudden cardiac death and ventricular arrhythmias in patients with congenital heart disease . ...
... 9. Paediatric arrhythmias and congenital heart disease . . . . . . . 9.1 Management of ventricular arrhythmias in children with a structurally normal heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 Sudden cardiac death and ventricular arrhythmias in patients with congenital heart disease . ...
2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with
... Guidelines may be translated or reproduced in any form without written permission from the ESC. Permission can be obtained upon submission of a written request to Oxford University Press, the publisher of the European Heart Journal and the party authorized to handle such permissions on behalf of the ...
... Guidelines may be translated or reproduced in any form without written permission from the ESC. Permission can be obtained upon submission of a written request to Oxford University Press, the publisher of the European Heart Journal and the party authorized to handle such permissions on behalf of the ...
2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of
... Guidelines may be translated or reproduced in any form without written permission from the ESC. Permission can be obtained upon submission of a written request to Oxford University Press, the publisher of the European Heart Journal and the party authorized to handle such permissions on behalf of the ...
... Guidelines may be translated or reproduced in any form without written permission from the ESC. Permission can be obtained upon submission of a written request to Oxford University Press, the publisher of the European Heart Journal and the party authorized to handle such permissions on behalf of the ...
Consensus on Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.
... French, and clinically described by Brock & Teare in England fifty years ago. (1, 2) It occurs in 1 every 500 births (3). Two main aspects stand out in its natural history: production of symptoms, which are at times incapacitating and sudden death (SD), mainly among young people, (4) although most p ...
... French, and clinically described by Brock & Teare in England fifty years ago. (1, 2) It occurs in 1 every 500 births (3). Two main aspects stand out in its natural history: production of symptoms, which are at times incapacitating and sudden death (SD), mainly among young people, (4) although most p ...
Myocardial Mechanics and Collagen Structure in the Osteogenesis
... different than in wild-type mice. Despite advances in mouse echocardiography, the signal-tonoise ratio is still not high. We acknowledge that limited resolution may prevent detection of small differences between genotypes. Echocardiograms showed no significant differences in heart rate or LV systoli ...
... different than in wild-type mice. Despite advances in mouse echocardiography, the signal-tonoise ratio is still not high. We acknowledge that limited resolution may prevent detection of small differences between genotypes. Echocardiograms showed no significant differences in heart rate or LV systoli ...
Venice Chart International Consensus Document on Ventricular
... root. The fold continues superiorly into the muscle of the subpulmonary infundibulum that adjoins the arterial wall of the pulmonary trunk at the ventriculo-arterial junction (Fig. 1B). The pulmonary sinuses are not as prominent as the aortic sinuses; there is a small segment of infundibular muscula ...
... root. The fold continues superiorly into the muscle of the subpulmonary infundibulum that adjoins the arterial wall of the pulmonary trunk at the ventriculo-arterial junction (Fig. 1B). The pulmonary sinuses are not as prominent as the aortic sinuses; there is a small segment of infundibular muscula ...
Should All Patients With Heart Block Receive Biventricular Pacing?
... atrial with VVI pacing in patients with normal AV conduction was reported.34 This relatively small trial included 225 patients (mean age of 76 years) with sinus node dysfunction and normal QRS and reported no significant differences in survival during the initial follow-up of 3.3 years. However, lon ...
... atrial with VVI pacing in patients with normal AV conduction was reported.34 This relatively small trial included 225 patients (mean age of 76 years) with sinus node dysfunction and normal QRS and reported no significant differences in survival during the initial follow-up of 3.3 years. However, lon ...
Bundle Branch Blocks and Hemiblocks
... and aVF secondary to the additional rSR’-type complex (changes to QRS axis) • ST and T wave changes in the same direction as the terminal QRS complex should be considered primary abnormalities (ventricular gradient not between 0º and 90º in the frontal plane) • Since RBBB does not alter initial phas ...
... and aVF secondary to the additional rSR’-type complex (changes to QRS axis) • ST and T wave changes in the same direction as the terminal QRS complex should be considered primary abnormalities (ventricular gradient not between 0º and 90º in the frontal plane) • Since RBBB does not alter initial phas ...
Ventricular fibrillation
Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib or VF) is a condition in which there is uncoordinated contraction of the cardiac muscle of the ventricles in the heart, making them quiver rather than contract properly. Ventricular fibrillation is the most commonly identified arrhythmia in cardiac arrest patients. While there is some activity, the lay person is usually unable to detect it by palpating (feeling) the major pulse points of the carotid and femoral arteries. Such an arrhythmia is only confirmed by electrocardiography. Ventricular fibrillation is a medical emergency that requires prompt Advanced Life Support interventions. If this arrhythmia continues for more than a few seconds, it will likely degenerate further into asystole (""flatline""). This condition results in cardiogenic shock and cessation of effective blood circulation. As a consequence, sudden cardiac death (SCD) will result in a matter of minutes. If the patient is not revived after a sufficient period (within roughly 5 minutes at room temperature), the patient could sustain irreversible brain damage and possibly become brain-dead, due to the effects of cerebral hypoxia. On the other hand, death often occurs if sinus rhythm is not restored within 90 seconds of the onset of VF, especially if it has degenerated further into asystole.