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CME Credit Application Form (1 CME credit)
CME Credit Application Form (1 CME credit)

... It has a low prevalence and is an indicator of poor survival. It has a low prevalence and has no relationship with mortality. It has a high prevalence and is an indicator of poor survival. It has a high prevalence and has no relationship with mortality. 2. Which of the following statements i ...
Should doctors recommend defibrillators for use at home after
Should doctors recommend defibrillators for use at home after

... a year.1 Of these arrests, only 20-38% will have ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation at presentation; thus most sudden cardiac arrests in the general popula- ...
Evidence-based Approach to Treatment of Ventricular Arrhythmias
Evidence-based Approach to Treatment of Ventricular Arrhythmias

... Therefore treatment is not without risk. The following rules have been suggested by some clinicians. First, it would be logical that ventricular premature complexes (VPC) that lead to hemodynamic compromise should be treated. Additionally the documentation of the R on T phenomenon in any patient, an ...
Low Voltage Electric Injury induced Atrial Fibrillation as a Presenting
Low Voltage Electric Injury induced Atrial Fibrillation as a Presenting

... nonspecific ST-T wave changes. There are also conduction defects such as various degrees of heart block, prolongation of the QT interval, and bundle brunch block.2 Supraventricular tachycardia and sick sinus syndrome have also been reported.3 The association of atrial fibrillation with electrical in ...
Practical Management of Asymptomatic PVC
Practical Management of Asymptomatic PVC

... patients with heart disease who have frequent VEBs.  Implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator may be  indicated if risk stratification criteria are met. • VEBs have also been shown to trigger malignant  ventricular arrhythmias in certain patients with  idiopathic ventricular fibrillation and other  sy ...
Common Arrhythmias in Dogs and Cats
Common Arrhythmias in Dogs and Cats

... Arrhythmias are abnormal heart rhythms. Some arrhythmias are normal variants (i.e. respiratory sinus arrhythmia) and completely benign. Some may be abnormal, but not dangerous (i.e. premature beats). Some arrhythmias are associated with alarming clinical signs such as fainting (passing out, syncope) ...
CARDIAC ARRYTHYMIAS
CARDIAC ARRYTHYMIAS

... 1.Shock360J* monophasic, 1st and subsequent shocks.(Shock every 2 minutes if indicated) 2.CPR After shock, immediately begin chest compressions followed by respirations (30:2 ratio) for 2 minutes. 3.Rhythm check after 2 minutes of CPR (and after every 2 minutes of CPR thereafter) and shock again if ...
Top Ten Things To Know Racial Differences in Survival After In
Top Ten Things To Know Racial Differences in Survival After In

... 6. Black patients (25.2%) had a significantly (p<.001) lower rate of survival to discharge (SDC) compared with white patients (37.4%). 7. Rates of delayed defibrillation (greater than 2 minutes) were significantly (p <.001) higher for black patients (22.6%) than for white patients (17.4%). 8. Althou ...
Capture and fusion beats during atrial fibrillation and ventricular
Capture and fusion beats during atrial fibrillation and ventricular

... QRS beats, resembling sinus QRS complex, were then observed (fig 2). Discussion These cases illustrate two uncommon findings, initiation of idiopathic VT during AF and the occurrence of fusion and capture beats following atrioventricular (AV) conduction, during simultaneous VT and AF. AF provides ra ...
MP3-15 Familial WPW and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy caused by
MP3-15 Familial WPW and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy caused by

... performed. The electrophysiological findings were assessed. Results Of 8 patients, 7 had PRKAG2 mutations, R302Q or R344P. Six patients underwent cardiac MRI. Two symptomatic R302Q patients with palpitations and decreased exercise capacity had significantly elevated left ventricular (LV) mass in a s ...
File
File

... Action potentials and conduction in the conducting tissue, atria and ventricles occur due to entry of extracellular sodium through fast Na channels. SA and AV nodes do not use fast Na channels. Instead they rely solely on Ca channels for action potentials and conduction. SA node is the dominant pace ...
Slide 1 - AccessMedicine
Slide 1 - AccessMedicine

... identified on the posterior wall of the left ventricle. Note the early transmural infarct (pale area on the posterior wall [arrows]) with the rupture site close to the viable myocardium but within the infarct zone. B2. A lateral wall rupture. Note that the rupture site is close to the viable and inf ...
Atrial Fibrilation And Whole Body Vibration1
Atrial Fibrilation And Whole Body Vibration1

... from the atrium of the heart. These signals are sent to the ventricles of the heart at irregular intervals resulting in an irregular, fast heart rate. It is the most common type of arrhythmia. It generally is assymptomatic and arrhythmias can last anywhere from minutes to years. It is generally a no ...
Myocardial diseases
Myocardial diseases

... Coronary arteries are free of significant narrowing M/E- non-specific - most muscle cells are hypertrophied with enlarged nuclei, some are attenuated, stretched and irregular - interstitial and endocardial fibrosis with small subendocardial scars due to previous ischemia ...
cardiac cycle, ECG presentation
cardiac cycle, ECG presentation

... rearrange Sodium and Potassium ions  Calcium ions are released  bind to troponin  opens myosin binding sites on actin  muscle contraction ...
Electrical System of the heart
Electrical System of the heart

... ...
Appendix _: Glossary
Appendix _: Glossary

... symptoms, with no prior warning. Usually caused by ventricular fibrillation. Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) - A tachycardia originating from above the ventricles. Syncope – Fainting, loss of consciousness, or dizziness which may be due to a transient disturbance of cardiac rhythm (arrhythmia) or ...
Glossary of Cardiology Terms
Glossary of Cardiology Terms

... symptoms, with no prior warning. Usually caused by ventricular fibrillation. Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) - A tachycardia originating from above the ventricles. Syncope – Fainting, loss of consciousness, or dizziness which may be due to a transient disturbance of cardiac rhythm (arrhythmia) or ...
Impact factors influencing patient`s prognosis with acute coronary
Impact factors influencing patient`s prognosis with acute coronary

... Background. The prognosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) at admission to the hospital seems to depend from different variables. Aim. To estimate the dependence of survival rate of patients hospitalized with diagnosis acute coronary syndrome (ACS) from different variables at admission. Methods. Ret ...
Slide 1 - AccessCardiology
Slide 1 - AccessCardiology

... Figure-of-eight model of reentry. Isochronal activation map during monomorphic reentrant ventricular tachycardia occurring in the surviving epicardial layer overlying an infarction. Recordings were obtained from the epicardial surface of a canine heart 4 days after ligation of the left anterior desc ...
Arrhythmia Detection Algorithm
Arrhythmia Detection Algorithm

... Thus, the algorithm is capable of recognizing when the normal sinus rhythm has changed due to such causes as a shift in patient position, and will recognize the new rhythm as the dominant normal. This fast-learning capability also permits simultaneous analysis of multiple patients’ QRS’s complexes, ...
UNIT 10
UNIT 10

... 2. Which violations systemic hemodynamics can be caused by a complete atrioventricular block? Work №6. Explore the electrocardiographic signs of different types of arrhythmias. Analyze the ECG in accordance with standard procedure. 1. Assess the regularity of RR intervals in all recorded ECG cycles. ...
winter 16 - HeartCare Western Australia
winter 16 - HeartCare Western Australia

... Exercise stress testing remains an important test for both diagnosis of coronary artery disease and prognosis in those with known ischaemic heart disease. It is a simple, relatively quick and cost effective test done on either a treadmill or exercise bike with minimal patient discomfort. The strengt ...
Surgery in Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
Surgery in Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome

... Dreifus et al.'6 reported the successful abolition of refractory paroxysmal tachycardia by the division of the bundle of His; a permanent pacemaker was required because the alternative accessory pathway linking the atrium and the ventricle conducted only intermittently. This procedure may fail to pr ...
Cardiac Monitoring
Cardiac Monitoring

... Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA) • Pattern does not generate a pulse. • May show normal QRS complexes • Can be any kind of a pattern from NSR to one or two complexes • Treatment is CPR and identify the cause (H’s and T’s) ...
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Ventricular fibrillation



Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib or VF) is a condition in which there is uncoordinated contraction of the cardiac muscle of the ventricles in the heart, making them quiver rather than contract properly. Ventricular fibrillation is the most commonly identified arrhythmia in cardiac arrest patients. While there is some activity, the lay person is usually unable to detect it by palpating (feeling) the major pulse points of the carotid and femoral arteries. Such an arrhythmia is only confirmed by electrocardiography. Ventricular fibrillation is a medical emergency that requires prompt Advanced Life Support interventions. If this arrhythmia continues for more than a few seconds, it will likely degenerate further into asystole (""flatline""). This condition results in cardiogenic shock and cessation of effective blood circulation. As a consequence, sudden cardiac death (SCD) will result in a matter of minutes. If the patient is not revived after a sufficient period (within roughly 5 minutes at room temperature), the patient could sustain irreversible brain damage and possibly become brain-dead, due to the effects of cerebral hypoxia. On the other hand, death often occurs if sinus rhythm is not restored within 90 seconds of the onset of VF, especially if it has degenerated further into asystole.
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