response inhibition is differentially related to instrumental and
... regulate emotion and behavior. Instrumental aggression requires strong regulation of emotion and behavior, whereas a tendency to reactive aggression is caused by impaired regulation. If it is the case that response inhibition can differentiate between instrumental and reactive aggression, then resp ...
... regulate emotion and behavior. Instrumental aggression requires strong regulation of emotion and behavior, whereas a tendency to reactive aggression is caused by impaired regulation. If it is the case that response inhibition can differentiate between instrumental and reactive aggression, then resp ...
Neuronal Correlates for Preparatory Set Associated with Pro
... Schmolesky et al., 1998). For comparing stimulus-related responses, we determined the mean activity in the interval 65 msec around the peak of neuronal activation in a time window from 70 to 140 msec after stimulus appearance, and the prestimulus activation in the interval 40 –50 msec after stimulus ...
... Schmolesky et al., 1998). For comparing stimulus-related responses, we determined the mean activity in the interval 65 msec around the peak of neuronal activation in a time window from 70 to 140 msec after stimulus appearance, and the prestimulus activation in the interval 40 –50 msec after stimulus ...
Neurally Plausible Model of Robot Reaching Inspired by Infant
... who lives on the other side of the world. Her encouraging voice telling me to pursue my dreams is always with me. Most of all I would like to thank my loving, supportive, encouraging, and funny husband, Lonnie Yu, who supported me in every possible way while I was writing this dissertation. Finally, ...
... who lives on the other side of the world. Her encouraging voice telling me to pursue my dreams is always with me. Most of all I would like to thank my loving, supportive, encouraging, and funny husband, Lonnie Yu, who supported me in every possible way while I was writing this dissertation. Finally, ...
Neural Mechanisms of Reward in Insects - Chittka Lab
... salience, which in turn motivates approach behavior (Figure 1). Incentive theory recognizes that the degree of liking (hedonic value) and the degree of wanting (incentive salience) interact but are distinct elements of the reward system (7). Note that here we follow Berridge’s (7) terminology, using ...
... salience, which in turn motivates approach behavior (Figure 1). Incentive theory recognizes that the degree of liking (hedonic value) and the degree of wanting (incentive salience) interact but are distinct elements of the reward system (7). Note that here we follow Berridge’s (7) terminology, using ...
cellular mechanisms of classical and operant conditioning A model
... A fundamental problem in neuroscience is to understand events occurring within individual neurons and within networks that contribute to learning and memory. For example, what cellular processes detect the coincidence between stimuli during classical conditioning, or between behavior and consequence ...
... A fundamental problem in neuroscience is to understand events occurring within individual neurons and within networks that contribute to learning and memory. For example, what cellular processes detect the coincidence between stimuli during classical conditioning, or between behavior and consequence ...
Wasp Voodoo Rituals, Venom-Cocktails, and the Zombification of Cockroach Hosts SYMPOSIUM Frederic Libersat
... these agarose pellets indicated that venom was injected into harder but not into softer pellets, suggesting that softer but not harder agarose pellets triggered the wasp’s sensory feedback necessary for injection of venom. These results demonstrate that mechanical cues are at least sufficient to ind ...
... these agarose pellets indicated that venom was injected into harder but not into softer pellets, suggesting that softer but not harder agarose pellets triggered the wasp’s sensory feedback necessary for injection of venom. These results demonstrate that mechanical cues are at least sufficient to ind ...
A Review of Cell Assemblies by Huyck and
... fire at an elevated rate when the concept is perceived or in STM. An alternative to population coding is that a single cell represents a concept, commonly known as the grandmother cell (Barlow, 1972). However, a single neuron can not represent a concept because neurons die, and one would lose the co ...
... fire at an elevated rate when the concept is perceived or in STM. An alternative to population coding is that a single cell represents a concept, commonly known as the grandmother cell (Barlow, 1972). However, a single neuron can not represent a concept because neurons die, and one would lose the co ...
Structure of Receptive Fields in Area 3b of Primary Somatosensory
... hemispheres using standard techniques (Phillips et al., 1988; Mountcastle et al., 1991). On each recording day, a multielectrode microdrive (Mountcastle et al., 1991) was loaded with seven quartz-coated platinum /tungsten (90/10) electrodes (diameter, 80 mm; tip diameter, 4 mm; and impedance, 1–5 MV ...
... hemispheres using standard techniques (Phillips et al., 1988; Mountcastle et al., 1991). On each recording day, a multielectrode microdrive (Mountcastle et al., 1991) was loaded with seven quartz-coated platinum /tungsten (90/10) electrodes (diameter, 80 mm; tip diameter, 4 mm; and impedance, 1–5 MV ...
Alexander et al., 2009
... CNO is water-soluble and can be administered via drinking water, injected intraperitoneally, or even directly infused intracranially. CNO itself is widely commercially available and relatively inexpensive compared with specialized equipment for delivering distinct wavelengths of light, radio frequen ...
... CNO is water-soluble and can be administered via drinking water, injected intraperitoneally, or even directly infused intracranially. CNO itself is widely commercially available and relatively inexpensive compared with specialized equipment for delivering distinct wavelengths of light, radio frequen ...
Frontiers in Zoology - Deep Metazoan Phylogeny
... The ventral ganglion is an elongate structure lying between the basement membrane and the epidermis. Two main connectives link it with the brain ganglia and two other nerve tracts continue caudally (Fig. 2A, B) [19,23]. Similar to the brain, the ventral ganglion consists of a central fibrillar neuro ...
... The ventral ganglion is an elongate structure lying between the basement membrane and the epidermis. Two main connectives link it with the brain ganglia and two other nerve tracts continue caudally (Fig. 2A, B) [19,23]. Similar to the brain, the ventral ganglion consists of a central fibrillar neuro ...
Time-Dependent Activation of Feed-Forward Inhibition in
... Gabbiani, Fabrizio, Ivan Cohen, and Gilles Laurent. Time-dependent activation of feed-forward inhibition in a looming-sensitive neuron. J Neurophysiol 94: 2150 –2161, 2005. First published May 31, 2005; 10.1152/jn.00411.2005. The lobula giant movement detector (LGMD) is an identified neuron in the l ...
... Gabbiani, Fabrizio, Ivan Cohen, and Gilles Laurent. Time-dependent activation of feed-forward inhibition in a looming-sensitive neuron. J Neurophysiol 94: 2150 –2161, 2005. First published May 31, 2005; 10.1152/jn.00411.2005. The lobula giant movement detector (LGMD) is an identified neuron in the l ...
Nucleus Accumbensμ-Opioids Regulate Intake of a High
... regular intervals along the bottom length of the cages recorded horizontal activity (any beam being broken). Data were collected on an attached PC across 10 min intervals for the duration of the session. The activity cages contained wire mesh floors suspended 0.5 inches above the base of the cage, w ...
... regular intervals along the bottom length of the cages recorded horizontal activity (any beam being broken). Data were collected on an attached PC across 10 min intervals for the duration of the session. The activity cages contained wire mesh floors suspended 0.5 inches above the base of the cage, w ...
Duration Tuning across Vertebrates
... BDs and temporal response bandwidths that mirror the range of species-specific vocalizations. Neural tuning to stimulus duration appears to be universal among hearing vertebrates. Herein, we test the hypothesis that neural mechanisms underlying duration selectivity may be similar across vertebrates. ...
... BDs and temporal response bandwidths that mirror the range of species-specific vocalizations. Neural tuning to stimulus duration appears to be universal among hearing vertebrates. Herein, we test the hypothesis that neural mechanisms underlying duration selectivity may be similar across vertebrates. ...
PDF
... cognitive and behavioral functions where adaptive responses differ fundamentally depending upon valence, such as approach and defensive or avoidance behaviors, economic choice behavior, and many psychophysiological responses that are known to be valence-specific (e.g. the startle response) (Lang and ...
... cognitive and behavioral functions where adaptive responses differ fundamentally depending upon valence, such as approach and defensive or avoidance behaviors, economic choice behavior, and many psychophysiological responses that are known to be valence-specific (e.g. the startle response) (Lang and ...
Computing with Spiking Neuron Networks
... of other neurons, the dendrites (see Figure 1, left view). At the end of the axon, synapses connect one neuron to another, and at the arrival of each individual spike, the synapses may release neurotransmitters along the synaptic cleft. These neurotransmitters are taken up by the neuron at the recei ...
... of other neurons, the dendrites (see Figure 1, left view). At the end of the axon, synapses connect one neuron to another, and at the arrival of each individual spike, the synapses may release neurotransmitters along the synaptic cleft. These neurotransmitters are taken up by the neuron at the recei ...
Modelling Neuronal Mechanisms of the Processing of Tones and System
... The scientific study of the perception of sequences of alternating auditory stimuli has a long tradition. Already more than half a century ago, researchers started mapping the dependence of what humans perceive when listening to such sequences on the basic experimental parameters of spectral distanc ...
... The scientific study of the perception of sequences of alternating auditory stimuli has a long tradition. Already more than half a century ago, researchers started mapping the dependence of what humans perceive when listening to such sequences on the basic experimental parameters of spectral distanc ...
View/Open - eDiss - Georg-August
... Communication is a very much fascinating thing. Its study has helped in the general understanding of motor and sensory systems, evolution, and speciation. A major appeal of studying communication is that a researcher can quantify how biologically important information can be coded in particular phys ...
... Communication is a very much fascinating thing. Its study has helped in the general understanding of motor and sensory systems, evolution, and speciation. A major appeal of studying communication is that a researcher can quantify how biologically important information can be coded in particular phys ...
Neural substrates for expectation-modulated fear learning in
... stores memories of the conditioned stimulus–unconditioned stimulus association, but the origin of UCS inputs to the amygdala is unknown. Theory and evidence suggest that instructive UCS inputs to the amygdala will be inhibited when the UCS is expected, but this has not been found during fear conditi ...
... stores memories of the conditioned stimulus–unconditioned stimulus association, but the origin of UCS inputs to the amygdala is unknown. Theory and evidence suggest that instructive UCS inputs to the amygdala will be inhibited when the UCS is expected, but this has not been found during fear conditi ...
Prosjektoppgave - Mirror neurons_ver4.2
... movement in the monkey's F5 region, it should also activate the neurons in the F1 region that control them. None of the neurons showed any activity during the observation phase (3). Furthermore, because the monkey would usually be watching its own movements, the behavior the recorded neurons display ...
... movement in the monkey's F5 region, it should also activate the neurons in the F1 region that control them. None of the neurons showed any activity during the observation phase (3). Furthermore, because the monkey would usually be watching its own movements, the behavior the recorded neurons display ...
Early Sensory Pathways for Detection of Fearful Conditioned Stimuli
... which is composed of principal and spinal nuclei. Although somatosensory information is widely distributed from the trigeminal complex throughout the brainstem, cerebellum, and diencephalon (Waite, 2003), two main pathways ascend toward the contralateral midbrain and forebrain (see Fig. 1 A). One re ...
... which is composed of principal and spinal nuclei. Although somatosensory information is widely distributed from the trigeminal complex throughout the brainstem, cerebellum, and diencephalon (Waite, 2003), two main pathways ascend toward the contralateral midbrain and forebrain (see Fig. 1 A). One re ...
(15 pages pdf)
... ReSH phenotype is due to a reduction in DopR function. The similar ReSH phenotypes of DopR/+ and DopR/DopR flies (Figures 2C–2E) suggest that this behavior is sensitive to DopR gene dosage in this genetic background. However, it should be noted that the magnitude of the kinetic parameters characteri ...
... ReSH phenotype is due to a reduction in DopR function. The similar ReSH phenotypes of DopR/+ and DopR/DopR flies (Figures 2C–2E) suggest that this behavior is sensitive to DopR gene dosage in this genetic background. However, it should be noted that the magnitude of the kinetic parameters characteri ...
High baseline activity in inferior temporal cortex
... activity was considered noise. However, these human studies do not provide any direct information about the correlation of the baseline activity of single neurons and the behavior. Furthermore, it is not clear how the “oscillation” and the “level” of the neural baseline activity are related to each ...
... activity was considered noise. However, these human studies do not provide any direct information about the correlation of the baseline activity of single neurons and the behavior. Furthermore, it is not clear how the “oscillation” and the “level” of the neural baseline activity are related to each ...
Dynamics of sensory processing in the dual olfactory pathway of the
... specific (∼25 % activating odors) than l-PNs (∼50 %), albeit tested at the highest stimulus concentration (pure odors). The general result of a rather broad odor tuning at the level of PNs has been observed in different insect species (Wilson et al. 2004; Schlief and Wilson 2007; Perez-Orive et al. ...
... specific (∼25 % activating odors) than l-PNs (∼50 %), albeit tested at the highest stimulus concentration (pure odors). The general result of a rather broad odor tuning at the level of PNs has been observed in different insect species (Wilson et al. 2004; Schlief and Wilson 2007; Perez-Orive et al. ...
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... This module introduces some of the major principles of neuroscience, ranging from the molecular level through to whole animal behaviour. We cannot hope to cover the whole field in a ...
... This module introduces some of the major principles of neuroscience, ranging from the molecular level through to whole animal behaviour. We cannot hope to cover the whole field in a ...
Review Reward, Motivation, and Reinforcement Learning
... In the standard mapping of the actor-critic to conditioning, the critic, as a predictor of future reward and punishment, is thought to be a model for Pavlovian conditioning. However, real Pavlovian conditioning concerns more than just predictions, extending to the behavioral consequences of the pred ...
... In the standard mapping of the actor-critic to conditioning, the critic, as a predictor of future reward and punishment, is thought to be a model for Pavlovian conditioning. However, real Pavlovian conditioning concerns more than just predictions, extending to the behavioral consequences of the pred ...
Neuroethology
Neuroethology is the evolutionary and comparative approach to the study of animal behavior and its underlying mechanistic control by the nervous system. This interdisciplinary branch of behavioral neuroscience endeavors to understand how the central nervous system translates biologically relevant stimuli into natural behavior. For example, many bats are capable of echolocation which is used for prey capture and navigation. The auditory system of bats is often cited as an example for how acoustic properties of sounds can be converted into a sensory map of behaviorally relevant features of sounds. Neuroethologists hope to uncover general principles of the nervous system from the study of animals with exaggerated or specialized behaviors.As its name implies, neuroethology is a multidisciplinary field composed of neurobiology (the study of the nervous system) and ethology (the study of behavior in natural conditions). A central theme of the field of neuroethology, delineating it from other branches of neuroscience, is this focus on natural behavior. Natural behaviors may be thought of as those behaviors generated through means of natural selection (i.e. finding mates, navigation, locomotion, predator avoidance) rather than behaviors in disease states, or behavioral tasks that are particular to the laboratory.