Short title: Thalamocortical computations during tactile sensation
... that are required to construct a realistic computational model of the thalamocortical circuit. Our ...
... that are required to construct a realistic computational model of the thalamocortical circuit. Our ...
Representation of Sounds in Auditory Cortex of Awake
... The brain is the most complex computational device known to Man. Not only does it mediate our orientation in both external (physical) and internal worlds, but—even more astonishingly—the brain enables study of itself. Yet, this amazing device is composed of only a limited set of neurons and their co ...
... The brain is the most complex computational device known to Man. Not only does it mediate our orientation in both external (physical) and internal worlds, but—even more astonishingly—the brain enables study of itself. Yet, this amazing device is composed of only a limited set of neurons and their co ...
NIH Public Access
... Although the term “FM-FM” suggests that these neurons respond only to FM sweeps, many such neurons respond well to brief tonal signals within the frequency ranges of FM signals (Mittmann and Wenstrup, 1995; Olsen and Suga, 1991b; Taniguchi et al., 1986). In the mustached bat's IC, combinations of br ...
... Although the term “FM-FM” suggests that these neurons respond only to FM sweeps, many such neurons respond well to brief tonal signals within the frequency ranges of FM signals (Mittmann and Wenstrup, 1995; Olsen and Suga, 1991b; Taniguchi et al., 1986). In the mustached bat's IC, combinations of br ...
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... zone et al. 1992a,b). In all of these cases, experience-dependent plasticity is specific to the stimuli that were attended to during behavior and passive exposure does not cause enduring changes in neuronal responses (Recanzone et al. 1993; Weinberger 1998; Weinberger and Bakin 1998). These results ...
... zone et al. 1992a,b). In all of these cases, experience-dependent plasticity is specific to the stimuli that were attended to during behavior and passive exposure does not cause enduring changes in neuronal responses (Recanzone et al. 1993; Weinberger 1998; Weinberger and Bakin 1998). These results ...
- CUNY Academic Works
... (VTA) and projects to forebrain regions such as the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), amygdala (AMG) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). These forebrain regions will be referred to as the DA terminal regions. The neural mechanisms underlying this type of rewardrelated learning in this system are not fully understo ...
... (VTA) and projects to forebrain regions such as the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), amygdala (AMG) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). These forebrain regions will be referred to as the DA terminal regions. The neural mechanisms underlying this type of rewardrelated learning in this system are not fully understo ...
Significance of the cranial neural crest
... mammals, the cranial crest do not migrate in a strict rostrocaudal sequence. Indeed, there is also variation in the timings and patterns of migration between mammalian embryos (Tan and Morris-Kay, 1985). Recent studies have also suggested that the mechanisms underlying the streaming of the cranial c ...
... mammals, the cranial crest do not migrate in a strict rostrocaudal sequence. Indeed, there is also variation in the timings and patterns of migration between mammalian embryos (Tan and Morris-Kay, 1985). Recent studies have also suggested that the mechanisms underlying the streaming of the cranial c ...
K. Lutz, M. Widmer
... The neuroscientific study of reward processing flourished with the detailed examination of neuronal activity in rodent brains during consumption and anticipation of rewards and punishment.4,5 For a comprehensive review, see Schultz.6 This work revealed that unexpected presentation of a reward, ac ...
... The neuroscientific study of reward processing flourished with the detailed examination of neuronal activity in rodent brains during consumption and anticipation of rewards and punishment.4,5 For a comprehensive review, see Schultz.6 This work revealed that unexpected presentation of a reward, ac ...
Article 5 - Graduate Program in Neuroscience | UBC
... the behavioral reaction to be performed following the trigger (execution or withholding of movement) and predicting the type of reinforcer (liquid or sound). Each trial contained two delay periods, namely the instruction–trigger delay, during which the animal remembered the type of instruction and p ...
... the behavioral reaction to be performed following the trigger (execution or withholding of movement) and predicting the type of reinforcer (liquid or sound). Each trial contained two delay periods, namely the instruction–trigger delay, during which the animal remembered the type of instruction and p ...
Information Processing in the Rostral Solitary Nucleus: Modulation
... recapitulate the response specificity observed in the rNST in vivo, and that presynaptic inhibition, postsynaptic inhibition, and inhibition by a broadly tuned inhibitory interneuron all function to improve the specificity of the modeled response to gustatory ...
... recapitulate the response specificity observed in the rNST in vivo, and that presynaptic inhibition, postsynaptic inhibition, and inhibition by a broadly tuned inhibitory interneuron all function to improve the specificity of the modeled response to gustatory ...
Response Properties of Neighboring Neurons in the
... close together, we first investigated the efficacy of using tetrodes over single-channel multi-unit recordings. Specifically, we looked at how groups of action potentials, clustered and separated with the four channel information of the tetrodes, separate when only one channel of information is use ...
... close together, we first investigated the efficacy of using tetrodes over single-channel multi-unit recordings. Specifically, we looked at how groups of action potentials, clustered and separated with the four channel information of the tetrodes, separate when only one channel of information is use ...
Auditory Neurons in the Dorsal Cortex of the Inferior Colliculus
... the auditory nerve. The cochlear nucleus is subdivided into ventral and dorsal divisions (VCN and DCN, respectively). The ventral division can be further subdivided into the anterior ventral cochlear nucleus (AVCN), and the posterior ventral cochlear nucleus (PVCN). Each division of the CN receives ...
... the auditory nerve. The cochlear nucleus is subdivided into ventral and dorsal divisions (VCN and DCN, respectively). The ventral division can be further subdivided into the anterior ventral cochlear nucleus (AVCN), and the posterior ventral cochlear nucleus (PVCN). Each division of the CN receives ...
Neural Correlates of Knowledge: Stable Representation of Stimulus
... the subject must identify the stimulus that has been paired with the cue (e.g., an umbrella). To perform correctly the subject must access their knowledge of the stimulus pairing at some time between when the cue is presented and the choice is made. Using the PA task, previous studies have shown tha ...
... the subject must identify the stimulus that has been paired with the cue (e.g., an umbrella). To perform correctly the subject must access their knowledge of the stimulus pairing at some time between when the cue is presented and the choice is made. Using the PA task, previous studies have shown tha ...
Duration Sensitivity to Other Response Properties of the Rat
... et al. 2000). Duration-selective neurons have only been found at or above the level of the inferior colliculus (IC) or its homolog in any of the species studied, so this form of neural filtering seems to be an emergent property that results from circuitry operating within the midbrain. The IC is inn ...
... et al. 2000). Duration-selective neurons have only been found at or above the level of the inferior colliculus (IC) or its homolog in any of the species studied, so this form of neural filtering seems to be an emergent property that results from circuitry operating within the midbrain. The IC is inn ...
The what, where and how of auditory
... friend. Each of these different and discrete sounds can be described as an auditory object11–14. More formally, auditory objects are the computational result of the auditory system’s ability to detect, extract, segregate and group the spectrotemporal regularities in the acoustic environment into sta ...
... friend. Each of these different and discrete sounds can be described as an auditory object11–14. More formally, auditory objects are the computational result of the auditory system’s ability to detect, extract, segregate and group the spectrotemporal regularities in the acoustic environment into sta ...
Plastic Effect of Tetanic Stimulation on Auditory Evoked Potentials
... changes in the central nervous system in response to altered patterns of stimulation. In sensory and motor systems, demands for transmitting sensory or motor information within these systems can change when there (1) are altered patterns of stimulation (peripheral or central) and/or (2) is a loss of ...
... changes in the central nervous system in response to altered patterns of stimulation. In sensory and motor systems, demands for transmitting sensory or motor information within these systems can change when there (1) are altered patterns of stimulation (peripheral or central) and/or (2) is a loss of ...
Modeling multiple time scale firing rate adaptation in a neural
... The firing rates of many single neurons adapt (Koch 1999, Dayan and Abbott 2001, Gerstner and Kistler 2002, Trappenberg 2002). For example, when the neuronal stimulus is suddenly increased, the rate of action potentials increases suddenly and then slowly decreases towards an apparent steady state, a ...
... The firing rates of many single neurons adapt (Koch 1999, Dayan and Abbott 2001, Gerstner and Kistler 2002, Trappenberg 2002). For example, when the neuronal stimulus is suddenly increased, the rate of action potentials increases suddenly and then slowly decreases towards an apparent steady state, a ...
Cilia development, morphogenesis, and
... channel cilia are found in XS`, XSG, XSH, XSI, XSh, XSK, XDF, and XDL neurons. XDF and XDL possess two cilia each, while the other cells possess a single cilium. These cilia are exposed to the environment through the cuticle. The amphid wing neurons (XYX, XYB, XYC) have complex ciliary structures. T ...
... channel cilia are found in XS`, XSG, XSH, XSI, XSh, XSK, XDF, and XDL neurons. XDF and XDL possess two cilia each, while the other cells possess a single cilium. These cilia are exposed to the environment through the cuticle. The amphid wing neurons (XYX, XYB, XYC) have complex ciliary structures. T ...
Schema Theory
... of sense-data, schema theory posits an active and selective process of schema formation (cf. Piaget’s notion of assimilation) which in some sense constructs reality as much as it embodies it. More generally, cognitive psychology views schemas as cognitive structures built up in the course of interac ...
... of sense-data, schema theory posits an active and selective process of schema formation (cf. Piaget’s notion of assimilation) which in some sense constructs reality as much as it embodies it. More generally, cognitive psychology views schemas as cognitive structures built up in the course of interac ...
Chapter 02 Neuroscience and Behavior
... Learning Objective: Describe how nerve cells communicate with other nerve cells. Learning Outcome: 5-2 Topic: Speed of Transmission ...
... Learning Objective: Describe how nerve cells communicate with other nerve cells. Learning Outcome: 5-2 Topic: Speed of Transmission ...
Introduction - Bowling Green State University
... activity generated in higher order structures develops. In our view, some of these neurodynamic sequences favored by mesolimbic DA express a specific disposition to explore, seek and approach the environment (the seeking emotion). They are interiorized, instinctual, procedural and dynamic structures ...
... activity generated in higher order structures develops. In our view, some of these neurodynamic sequences favored by mesolimbic DA express a specific disposition to explore, seek and approach the environment (the seeking emotion). They are interiorized, instinctual, procedural and dynamic structures ...
Learning and memory in zebrafish larvae
... habituation as well. (The source of this discrepancy may be the specific NMDAR antagonist used by the two groups; Roberts and colleagues observed that MK801, a non-competitive NMDAR antagonist, used by Wolman and colleagues, did disrupt rapid habituation, whereas DL-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid ...
... habituation as well. (The source of this discrepancy may be the specific NMDAR antagonist used by the two groups; Roberts and colleagues observed that MK801, a non-competitive NMDAR antagonist, used by Wolman and colleagues, did disrupt rapid habituation, whereas DL-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid ...
Input-driven components of spike-frequency adaptation can be
... adaptation, we therefore need to identify the causal relationships between sensory input, neural activity, and the level of adaptation (cf. Nurse, 2003). This approach can be viewed as complementary to biophysically investigating the mechanisms underlying spike-frequency adaptation. Ultimately, comb ...
... adaptation, we therefore need to identify the causal relationships between sensory input, neural activity, and the level of adaptation (cf. Nurse, 2003). This approach can be viewed as complementary to biophysically investigating the mechanisms underlying spike-frequency adaptation. Ultimately, comb ...
Receptive Fields and Binaural Interactions for Virtual
... al. 1983; see Irvine 1992 for review). However, free-field studies alone cannot determine which acoustic cues are responsible for this directional sensitivity because they do not allow independent control over each cue. Such control can be achieved in dichotic studies that deliver stimuli through cl ...
... al. 1983; see Irvine 1992 for review). However, free-field studies alone cannot determine which acoustic cues are responsible for this directional sensitivity because they do not allow independent control over each cue. Such control can be achieved in dichotic studies that deliver stimuli through cl ...
Spatial and Temporal Structure of Receptive Fields in Primate
... which was essentially inextensible, was to prevent horizontal skin displacement when the scanning direction changed. Horizontal skin displacement produced by changes in scanning direction was ,1 mm. The thin latex sheet between the stimulus and the skin surface (identical to the latex sheet used by ...
... which was essentially inextensible, was to prevent horizontal skin displacement when the scanning direction changed. Horizontal skin displacement produced by changes in scanning direction was ,1 mm. The thin latex sheet between the stimulus and the skin surface (identical to the latex sheet used by ...
Lateral Hypothalamus Contains Two Types of Palatability
... Recording sessions typically lasted less than an hour and consisted of 15–20 repeats of each of the five taste stimuli, for a total of 75–100 separate taste deliveries. We have previously shown that palatability and neural responses are stable across this length of session and volume of fluid consum ...
... Recording sessions typically lasted less than an hour and consisted of 15–20 repeats of each of the five taste stimuli, for a total of 75–100 separate taste deliveries. We have previously shown that palatability and neural responses are stable across this length of session and volume of fluid consum ...
Neuroethology
Neuroethology is the evolutionary and comparative approach to the study of animal behavior and its underlying mechanistic control by the nervous system. This interdisciplinary branch of behavioral neuroscience endeavors to understand how the central nervous system translates biologically relevant stimuli into natural behavior. For example, many bats are capable of echolocation which is used for prey capture and navigation. The auditory system of bats is often cited as an example for how acoustic properties of sounds can be converted into a sensory map of behaviorally relevant features of sounds. Neuroethologists hope to uncover general principles of the nervous system from the study of animals with exaggerated or specialized behaviors.As its name implies, neuroethology is a multidisciplinary field composed of neurobiology (the study of the nervous system) and ethology (the study of behavior in natural conditions). A central theme of the field of neuroethology, delineating it from other branches of neuroscience, is this focus on natural behavior. Natural behaviors may be thought of as those behaviors generated through means of natural selection (i.e. finding mates, navigation, locomotion, predator avoidance) rather than behaviors in disease states, or behavioral tasks that are particular to the laboratory.