Saccade Target Selection in the Superior - Smith
... neurons in a single-stimulus task and in the search task to determine the extent to which the detailed knowledge of SC function derived from single-stimulus tasks can be generalized to situations requiring target selection. A second aim is to analyze the time course of target/distractor discriminati ...
... neurons in a single-stimulus task and in the search task to determine the extent to which the detailed knowledge of SC function derived from single-stimulus tasks can be generalized to situations requiring target selection. A second aim is to analyze the time course of target/distractor discriminati ...
Different Subthreshold Mechanisms Underlie Song Selectivity in
... innervates area X, a basal ganglia homolog within the anterior forebrain pathway (AFP). The AFP, which is essential to juvenile and adult audition-dependent vocal plasticity (Bottjer et al., 1984; Scharff and Nottebohm, 1991; Brainard and Doupe, 2000) and may facilitate song perception (Scharff et a ...
... innervates area X, a basal ganglia homolog within the anterior forebrain pathway (AFP). The AFP, which is essential to juvenile and adult audition-dependent vocal plasticity (Bottjer et al., 1984; Scharff and Nottebohm, 1991; Brainard and Doupe, 2000) and may facilitate song perception (Scharff et a ...
Distribution of neurons in functional areas of the mouse cerebral
... used mouse brain atlas, in which the cerebral cortex has been segmented by careful comparison of cytoarchitectonic, connectivity, and functional data (Franklin and Paxinos, 2007). The availability of these cortical subdivision maps, together with the small brain size, makes the mouse cerebral cortex ...
... used mouse brain atlas, in which the cerebral cortex has been segmented by careful comparison of cytoarchitectonic, connectivity, and functional data (Franklin and Paxinos, 2007). The availability of these cortical subdivision maps, together with the small brain size, makes the mouse cerebral cortex ...
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... - Cortical Action Planning This central control unit which we also refer to as the Cortex Simulator controls any communication with the external world. It receives its tasks from the sentence analysis and processes the visual and sensorimotor inputs, which are sent via CORBA. The instructions in the ...
... - Cortical Action Planning This central control unit which we also refer to as the Cortex Simulator controls any communication with the external world. It receives its tasks from the sentence analysis and processes the visual and sensorimotor inputs, which are sent via CORBA. The instructions in the ...
Expression of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating
... bilateral pelvic neurectomy (BLPN). For BLPN, rats on day 8 of pregnancy were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital (45 mg/kg, i.p.), a laparatomy performed, the pelvic nerve identified, and a 5 mm segment removed from the nerves. The muscle layers were sutured, skin closed with wound clips, and ra ...
... bilateral pelvic neurectomy (BLPN). For BLPN, rats on day 8 of pregnancy were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital (45 mg/kg, i.p.), a laparatomy performed, the pelvic nerve identified, and a 5 mm segment removed from the nerves. The muscle layers were sutured, skin closed with wound clips, and ra ...
Nervous Tissue
... Slow axonal transport. 1-5 mm per day. Travels in one direction only – from cell body toward axon terminals. Fast axonal transport. 200 – 400 mm per day. Uses proteins to move materials. Travels in both directions. ...
... Slow axonal transport. 1-5 mm per day. Travels in one direction only – from cell body toward axon terminals. Fast axonal transport. 200 – 400 mm per day. Uses proteins to move materials. Travels in both directions. ...
Spike-Wave Complexes and Fast Components of Cortically
... IV. Paroxysmal fast runs in cortical and thalamic neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 1495–1513, 1998. In the preceding papers of this series, we have analyzed the cellular patterns and synchronization of neocortical seizures occurring spontaneously or induced by electrical stimulation or cortical infusio ...
... IV. Paroxysmal fast runs in cortical and thalamic neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 1495–1513, 1998. In the preceding papers of this series, we have analyzed the cellular patterns and synchronization of neocortical seizures occurring spontaneously or induced by electrical stimulation or cortical infusio ...
Sustained conditioned responses in prelimbic prefrontal neurons are
... triggering fear to the CS, there is a mismatch between the duration of CS-elicited activity in LA, and CS-elicited fear responses. A commonly used measure of conditioned fear in rodents is freezing, which is a sustained response that can outlast the CS presentation. Conditioned tone responses in LA ...
... triggering fear to the CS, there is a mismatch between the duration of CS-elicited activity in LA, and CS-elicited fear responses. A commonly used measure of conditioned fear in rodents is freezing, which is a sustained response that can outlast the CS presentation. Conditioned tone responses in LA ...
How microglia kill neurons
... also a death ligand for TNFα receptors that can induce either (i) apoptosis via activation of caspase-8, or (ii) necroptosis if RIP1, RIP3 and MLKL are activated and caspase-8 inactivated, or (iii) inflammation via NF-κB, which also inhibits apoptosis (Christofferson et al., 2014) (Fig. 2). Thus the ...
... also a death ligand for TNFα receptors that can induce either (i) apoptosis via activation of caspase-8, or (ii) necroptosis if RIP1, RIP3 and MLKL are activated and caspase-8 inactivated, or (iii) inflammation via NF-κB, which also inhibits apoptosis (Christofferson et al., 2014) (Fig. 2). Thus the ...
Self-referential forces are sufficient to explain different dendritic
... of dendrites during development. Here, we investigate the extent to which self-referential influences, cues generated by the neuron itself, might influence morphology. To this end, we developed a phenomenological model and algorithm to generate virtual morphologies, which are then compared to experi ...
... of dendrites during development. Here, we investigate the extent to which self-referential influences, cues generated by the neuron itself, might influence morphology. To this end, we developed a phenomenological model and algorithm to generate virtual morphologies, which are then compared to experi ...
On the computational architecture of the neocortex
... accurately using chemicals which move both forward and backward through axons has modified and frequently subdivided Brodmann's areas (e.g. the third visual area, Brodmann's area 19, turned out to be composed of more than one area), but the picture of a map-like division of the surface of the brain ...
... accurately using chemicals which move both forward and backward through axons has modified and frequently subdivided Brodmann's areas (e.g. the third visual area, Brodmann's area 19, turned out to be composed of more than one area), but the picture of a map-like division of the surface of the brain ...
2015 Cosyne Program
... live and communicate. We are committed to continuing to foster invention both within Qualcomm and in the community. Our researchers and computational scientists engage in a wide variety of exciting and technically challenging projects—including exploring applications of systems neuroscience research ...
... live and communicate. We are committed to continuing to foster invention both within Qualcomm and in the community. Our researchers and computational scientists engage in a wide variety of exciting and technically challenging projects—including exploring applications of systems neuroscience research ...
projecting to oculomotor regions of the pons Activity of monkey
... burst neurons in the PPRF. When this inhibition is released, burst neurons generate the pulse of activity required by oculomotoneurons to drive the eye to a new location at high velocity (Luschei and Fuchs 1972; Keller 1974 ). Oculomotor inputs to the cerebellum are used to monitor and regulate sacc ...
... burst neurons in the PPRF. When this inhibition is released, burst neurons generate the pulse of activity required by oculomotoneurons to drive the eye to a new location at high velocity (Luschei and Fuchs 1972; Keller 1974 ). Oculomotor inputs to the cerebellum are used to monitor and regulate sacc ...
Visual Categorization and the Primate Prefrontal Cortex
... each of the nine morph lines that connected each cat prototype to each dog prototype (Fig. 1A). There were six levels of blends of cat and dog (cat:dog, 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80, 0:100) along the nine morph lines that crossed the two-category boundary (the red lines in Fig. 1A) and two leve ...
... each of the nine morph lines that connected each cat prototype to each dog prototype (Fig. 1A). There were six levels of blends of cat and dog (cat:dog, 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80, 0:100) along the nine morph lines that crossed the two-category boundary (the red lines in Fig. 1A) and two leve ...
Stimulus-Dependent Synchronization of Neuronal Responses in the
... and influenced those at the other as little as possible (dual-bar condition). Thus, in this configuration two bars moved in different directions, crossed one another during their motion, and each activated neurons mainly at one of the two sites. The stimuli were adjusted to cross the RFs of cells at ...
... and influenced those at the other as little as possible (dual-bar condition). Thus, in this configuration two bars moved in different directions, crossed one another during their motion, and each activated neurons mainly at one of the two sites. The stimuli were adjusted to cross the RFs of cells at ...
Effects of galanin on wide-dynamic range neuron activity
... findings showing that galanin expression in primary sensory neurons was up-regulated, and that the inhibitory action of galanin enhanced after sciatic nerve injury [18]. Galantide (galanin (1–13)–substance P (5–11) amide), the antagonist of galanin, can block the inhibitory actions of galanin [19]. ...
... findings showing that galanin expression in primary sensory neurons was up-regulated, and that the inhibitory action of galanin enhanced after sciatic nerve injury [18]. Galantide (galanin (1–13)–substance P (5–11) amide), the antagonist of galanin, can block the inhibitory actions of galanin [19]. ...
The Prefrontal Cortex and Flexible Behavior
... may arise overwhelmingly from the upper layers (II–III) of one area, mostly from the deep layers (V–VI) of another area, or in different laminar proportions in other areas. The axons of the various projection areas also terminate in different layers of the cortex of destination. Some areas innervate ...
... may arise overwhelmingly from the upper layers (II–III) of one area, mostly from the deep layers (V–VI) of another area, or in different laminar proportions in other areas. The axons of the various projection areas also terminate in different layers of the cortex of destination. Some areas innervate ...
Anticipated synchronization in neuronal circuits
... master’s dynamics unperturbed and change just the slave’s couplings. In this Thesis we will deal with the former case. 1.1.1 Physical systems When Voss introduced the concept of AS, he proposed that it would open new avenues in the study, prediction and control of chaotic systems [4, 6, 5]. Indeed, ...
... master’s dynamics unperturbed and change just the slave’s couplings. In this Thesis we will deal with the former case. 1.1.1 Physical systems When Voss introduced the concept of AS, he proposed that it would open new avenues in the study, prediction and control of chaotic systems [4, 6, 5]. Indeed, ...
Hybrid Scheme for Modeling Local Field Potentials from Point
... rates, synaptic currents and membrane potentials) has nevertheless been used as a proxy for the LFP when comparing with experiments. In a recent study comparing different candidate proxies, it was found that a suitably chosen sum of synaptic currents could provide a good LFP proxy, but only for the ...
... rates, synaptic currents and membrane potentials) has nevertheless been used as a proxy for the LFP when comparing with experiments. In a recent study comparing different candidate proxies, it was found that a suitably chosen sum of synaptic currents could provide a good LFP proxy, but only for the ...
2011-Morrison and Nakamura_review
... molecular thermoreceptor in primary thermal afferents that is responsible for triggering thermoregulatory responses. Potential cold receptor TRP channels are TRPM8 and TRPA1, both of which are expressed in primary somatosensory neurons (4-6). TRPM8, which is activated by modest cooling (< 27°C) (4,5 ...
... molecular thermoreceptor in primary thermal afferents that is responsible for triggering thermoregulatory responses. Potential cold receptor TRP channels are TRPM8 and TRPA1, both of which are expressed in primary somatosensory neurons (4-6). TRPM8, which is activated by modest cooling (< 27°C) (4,5 ...
Choice Coding in Frontal Cortex during Stimulus
... To optimally obtain desirable outcomes, organisms must track outcomes predicted by stimuli in the environment (stimulus– outcome or SO associations) and outcomes predicted by their own actions (action– outcome or AO associations). Anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) are im ...
... To optimally obtain desirable outcomes, organisms must track outcomes predicted by stimuli in the environment (stimulus– outcome or SO associations) and outcomes predicted by their own actions (action– outcome or AO associations). Anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) are im ...