![The assessment of hemispheric lateralization in functional MRI](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/015729240_1-07874bd9674b87840f24f75e9fc614d3-300x300.png)
The assessment of hemispheric lateralization in functional MRI
... dominance could only be achieved by invasive methods, for instance by the injection of amobarbital. By selectively narcotising one hemisphere, the functional role of the other hemisphere for a particular cognitive function can be determined (Wada and Rasmussen, 1960). Since the technique carries the ...
... dominance could only be achieved by invasive methods, for instance by the injection of amobarbital. By selectively narcotising one hemisphere, the functional role of the other hemisphere for a particular cognitive function can be determined (Wada and Rasmussen, 1960). Since the technique carries the ...
Cetacean Brain Evolution: Dwarf Sperm Whale (Kogia sima) and
... cranial nerves in most odontocetes; here, it might comprise several times more axons than in the human [cf. Oelschläger and Oelschläger, 2009]. Although the giant sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) has been investigated regarding the gross morphology of the adult brain by Ries and Langworthy [1937 ...
... cranial nerves in most odontocetes; here, it might comprise several times more axons than in the human [cf. Oelschläger and Oelschläger, 2009]. Although the giant sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) has been investigated regarding the gross morphology of the adult brain by Ries and Langworthy [1937 ...
Memory, Learning, and Synaptic Plasticity
... possible binary codes, more than there are atoms in the universe. At the same time, suppose that input patterns are represented by the simultaneous firing of 10 out of 100 input neurons; choosing 10 active input fibers out of 100 provides ~1013 different events. Even if the input fibers encode a dif ...
... possible binary codes, more than there are atoms in the universe. At the same time, suppose that input patterns are represented by the simultaneous firing of 10 out of 100 input neurons; choosing 10 active input fibers out of 100 provides ~1013 different events. Even if the input fibers encode a dif ...
Auris Nasus Larynx 34 (2008) 1-10
... An equally important consideration, however, is the relationship of this polarity of HC between the five sense organs of the labyrinth. Any movement of the body and head produces activation or deactivation in all sense organs of both labyrinths. Figs 12 and 13 summarize this polarity of HC in the se ...
... An equally important consideration, however, is the relationship of this polarity of HC between the five sense organs of the labyrinth. Any movement of the body and head produces activation or deactivation in all sense organs of both labyrinths. Figs 12 and 13 summarize this polarity of HC in the se ...
World of Children 2 Chapter 4 Physical Development in Infants and Toddlers
... environment motivates infants to raise their heads, turn their bodies, crawl, and take their first steps 3.Opportunities to exercise give babies the muscle strength they need to lift and control their growing bodies 4. Maturation of cognitive system helps babies to remember where interesting objects ...
... environment motivates infants to raise their heads, turn their bodies, crawl, and take their first steps 3.Opportunities to exercise give babies the muscle strength they need to lift and control their growing bodies 4. Maturation of cognitive system helps babies to remember where interesting objects ...
Wnt Signaling Mutants Have Decreased Dentate Granule Cell
... [embryonic day 18.5 (E18.5)] embryos. Figure 1. Hippocampal organization in LRP6 mutants at E18.5. Coronal sections from wild-type mice (A–F) and LRP6⫺/⫺ The T-box transcription factor Tbr1 is ex- mice (A⬘–F⬘) were stained using antibodies or by in situ hybridization. In some panels, dotted black li ...
... [embryonic day 18.5 (E18.5)] embryos. Figure 1. Hippocampal organization in LRP6 mutants at E18.5. Coronal sections from wild-type mice (A–F) and LRP6⫺/⫺ The T-box transcription factor Tbr1 is ex- mice (A⬘–F⬘) were stained using antibodies or by in situ hybridization. In some panels, dotted black li ...
Circadian and histaminergic regulation of the sleep
... histamine into the basal forebrain region caused a significant increase in the high θ- and γrange power throughout infusion period, but the δ-wave activity during non-rapid eye movement slow-wave sleep remained similar to those of the control. We conclude from our data that the circadian process may ...
... histamine into the basal forebrain region caused a significant increase in the high θ- and γrange power throughout infusion period, but the δ-wave activity during non-rapid eye movement slow-wave sleep remained similar to those of the control. We conclude from our data that the circadian process may ...
Epilepsy - OMICS International
... episode of abnormal patterns in levels of synchrony in the discharge of a population of neurons [10]. Historically, seizures have been described as periods of heightened synchronization, but Jiruska et al. [11] have suggested that this characterization oversimplifies the phenomena. ...
... episode of abnormal patterns in levels of synchrony in the discharge of a population of neurons [10]. Historically, seizures have been described as periods of heightened synchronization, but Jiruska et al. [11] have suggested that this characterization oversimplifies the phenomena. ...
[3h]cyclohexyladenosine
... and Wu, 1981) based on the close correlation between their central stimulant potencies and affinities for adenosine receptor binding sites (Snyder et al., 1981; Daly et al., 1981). It has been difficult to determine whether adenosine, like other neurotransmitter candidates, is localized to specific ...
... and Wu, 1981) based on the close correlation between their central stimulant potencies and affinities for adenosine receptor binding sites (Snyder et al., 1981; Daly et al., 1981). It has been difficult to determine whether adenosine, like other neurotransmitter candidates, is localized to specific ...
Binding and Cytotoxic Effects of Clostdium botulinum Type A, C1
... monoclonal antibodies (1 in loo0 dilutions of ascites fluids in 0.01 M-PBSpH 7-2 containing 3% bovine serum albumin) at 4 "C overnight by gently mixing in a tray. The membrane was washed with 50 mM-Tris/HCl buffer, pH 7.4, containing 0.05% Tween 20 and 0.5 M-NaCI, and then reacted with 2 ml peroxida ...
... monoclonal antibodies (1 in loo0 dilutions of ascites fluids in 0.01 M-PBSpH 7-2 containing 3% bovine serum albumin) at 4 "C overnight by gently mixing in a tray. The membrane was washed with 50 mM-Tris/HCl buffer, pH 7.4, containing 0.05% Tween 20 and 0.5 M-NaCI, and then reacted with 2 ml peroxida ...
A Split-LexA-based Concatenate Expression System for
... To generate more restricted expression patterns, combinatorial systems have been developed that make transgene expression dependent upon the activity of two promoters. Several techniques couple Gal4-mediated expression to an excision event mediated by an independently targeted recombinase, such as t ...
... To generate more restricted expression patterns, combinatorial systems have been developed that make transgene expression dependent upon the activity of two promoters. Several techniques couple Gal4-mediated expression to an excision event mediated by an independently targeted recombinase, such as t ...
Locally evoked potentials in slices of the rat nucleus - UvA-DARE
... pallidum, substantia nigra and VTA 16'18'24'48'52'63. Most input fibers from the subiculum and amygdala probably terminate on medium-sized neurons in the Acb 11 that are most likely GABAergic and peptidergic 3,24. Projection neurons in the Acb are thought to be mainly GABAergic and peptidergic 21'31 ...
... pallidum, substantia nigra and VTA 16'18'24'48'52'63. Most input fibers from the subiculum and amygdala probably terminate on medium-sized neurons in the Acb 11 that are most likely GABAergic and peptidergic 3,24. Projection neurons in the Acb are thought to be mainly GABAergic and peptidergic 21'31 ...
SENSE AND THE SINGLE NEURON: Probing the Physiology of
... the strategy that are critical. The first is the formulation of a clearly defined perceptual task at the behavioral level. This is essential in order to provide an objective and rigorous framework in which to study perceptual events and the neuronal signals that underlie them. The second is an empha ...
... the strategy that are critical. The first is the formulation of a clearly defined perceptual task at the behavioral level. This is essential in order to provide an objective and rigorous framework in which to study perceptual events and the neuronal signals that underlie them. The second is an empha ...
Fractionation of social brain circuits in autism
... the social brain. Two such prominent proposals include a disconnection between the hemispheres via the corpus callosum, with further disconnection between frontal and more posterior brain regions (Just et al., 2007; Schipul et al., 2011), as well as the proposal that strong but non-selective local c ...
... the social brain. Two such prominent proposals include a disconnection between the hemispheres via the corpus callosum, with further disconnection between frontal and more posterior brain regions (Just et al., 2007; Schipul et al., 2011), as well as the proposal that strong but non-selective local c ...
Neural coding of basic reward terms of animal
... According to game theory and microeconomics, the value of rewards for behavioural reactions and decisions can be assessed from the multiplicative product of magnitude and probability of the future reward (expected reward value). In addition, the delay to the future reward reduces the reward value hy ...
... According to game theory and microeconomics, the value of rewards for behavioural reactions and decisions can be assessed from the multiplicative product of magnitude and probability of the future reward (expected reward value). In addition, the delay to the future reward reduces the reward value hy ...
Neural Basis of Brain Dysfunction Produced by Early Sleep Problems
... Abstract: There is a wealth of evidence that disrupted sleep and circadian rhythms, which are common in modern society even during the early stages of life, have unfavorable effects on brain function. Altered brain function can cause problem behaviors later in life, such as truancy from or dropping ...
... Abstract: There is a wealth of evidence that disrupted sleep and circadian rhythms, which are common in modern society even during the early stages of life, have unfavorable effects on brain function. Altered brain function can cause problem behaviors later in life, such as truancy from or dropping ...
Artificial neural networks and their application in biological and
... ANNs use in plant biology seems to be an interesting field of research lately. Data concerning plant tissues are habitually classified as continuous data (e.g. size, weight), and they are frequently analyzed with statistical methods such as “analysis of variance” (ANOVA). However, only normally dist ...
... ANNs use in plant biology seems to be an interesting field of research lately. Data concerning plant tissues are habitually classified as continuous data (e.g. size, weight), and they are frequently analyzed with statistical methods such as “analysis of variance” (ANOVA). However, only normally dist ...
The Neuronal Endomembrane System
... suited to address the nature of possible interactions between AR and rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) in the axon hillock. It is also ideal to study the origin of the axonal discrete elements within the cell body as well as their interaction with other somal endomembrane system components. Tissues ...
... suited to address the nature of possible interactions between AR and rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) in the axon hillock. It is also ideal to study the origin of the axonal discrete elements within the cell body as well as their interaction with other somal endomembrane system components. Tissues ...
HH--Bell`s palsy - 2
... The vestibular afferent ganglion cells are located in Scarpa’s ganglion, which is inside the portion of the vestibular nerve inside the internal auditory canal. The cochlear nerve is composed of approx. 30,000 afferent bipolar ganglion cells. The efferent cochlear axons (olivocochlear bundle - appro ...
... The vestibular afferent ganglion cells are located in Scarpa’s ganglion, which is inside the portion of the vestibular nerve inside the internal auditory canal. The cochlear nerve is composed of approx. 30,000 afferent bipolar ganglion cells. The efferent cochlear axons (olivocochlear bundle - appro ...
Some Analogies Between Visual Cortical and Genetic Maps
... One example is the system of genes for photoreceptor proteins. Recently, Nathans et aj30 have mapped the DNA sequences of the genes for the rod and cone receptor proteins in man. It appears on the basis of sequence homologies that the genes that produce the rod and cone receptor proteins are replica ...
... One example is the system of genes for photoreceptor proteins. Recently, Nathans et aj30 have mapped the DNA sequences of the genes for the rod and cone receptor proteins in man. It appears on the basis of sequence homologies that the genes that produce the rod and cone receptor proteins are replica ...
video slide - Course
... conducted by axons • If a cell has gated ion channels – Its membrane potential may change in response to stimuli that open or close those ...
... conducted by axons • If a cell has gated ion channels – Its membrane potential may change in response to stimuli that open or close those ...
Tissue processing
... basophilic; it carries acid groups which bind the basic dye through salt linkages. When using hematoxylin, basophilic structures in the tissue appear blue. A substance that is stained by an acid dye is referred to as acidophilic; it carries basic groups which bind the acid dye. With eosin, acidophil ...
... basophilic; it carries acid groups which bind the basic dye through salt linkages. When using hematoxylin, basophilic structures in the tissue appear blue. A substance that is stained by an acid dye is referred to as acidophilic; it carries basic groups which bind the acid dye. With eosin, acidophil ...
Membrane Properties Underlying the Firing of Neurons in the Avian
... potential, the arrival rate is at least equal to the neuron’s discharge rate. Moreover, because an NM neuron is innervated by 2-3 VIIIth nerve afferents (Hackett et al., 1982; Jackson and Parks, 1982) and because each fiber can discharge at a maximum sustained rate of approximately 400 Hz (Manley et ...
... potential, the arrival rate is at least equal to the neuron’s discharge rate. Moreover, because an NM neuron is innervated by 2-3 VIIIth nerve afferents (Hackett et al., 1982; Jackson and Parks, 1982) and because each fiber can discharge at a maximum sustained rate of approximately 400 Hz (Manley et ...
Reticular formation,sleep and wakefulness
... Lesions in the raphe nuclei lead to high state of wakefulness; ...
... Lesions in the raphe nuclei lead to high state of wakefulness; ...
Neuroanatomy
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sobo_1909_624.png?width=300)
Neuroanatomy is the study of the anatomy and stereotyped organization of nervous systems. In contrast to animals with radial symmetry, whose nervous system consists of a distributed network of cells, animals with bilateral symmetry have segregated, defined nervous systems, and thus we can make much more precise statements about their neuroanatomy. In vertebrates, the nervous system is segregated into the internal structure of the brain and spinal cord (together called the central nervous system, or CNS) and the routes of the nerves that connect to the rest of the body (known as the peripheral nervous system, or PNS). The delineation of distinct structures and regions of the nervous system has been critical in investigating how it works. For example, much of what neuroscientists have learned comes from observing how damage or ""lesions"" to specific brain areas affects behavior or other neural functions.For information about the composition of animal nervous systems, see nervous system. For information about the typical structure of the human nervous system, see human brain or peripheral nervous system. This article discusses information pertinent to the study of neuroanatomy.