![Different neurotrophins are expressed and act in a developmental](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/021972898_1-ec33088b0e59c024e5752ab0521c129a-300x300.png)
Different neurotrophins are expressed and act in a developmental
... et al., 1990; Ernfors et al., 1990; Maisonpierre et al., 1990; Rosenthal et al., 1990; Jones and Reichardt, 1990; Hallbook et al., 1991; Berkemeier et al., 1991; Ip et al., 1992) has raised the issue of whether similar correlations between target field innervation, neurotrophin synthesis and neurona ...
... et al., 1990; Ernfors et al., 1990; Maisonpierre et al., 1990; Rosenthal et al., 1990; Jones and Reichardt, 1990; Hallbook et al., 1991; Berkemeier et al., 1991; Ip et al., 1992) has raised the issue of whether similar correlations between target field innervation, neurotrophin synthesis and neurona ...
Full Text - Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard
... molecular level, we investigated the fine spatial expression of a subset of these newly identified CPN genes via in situ hybridization. We find that a small number of these genes are expressed in a laminar distribution suggestive of their presence in all CPN (Fig. Figure 1. Schematic representation ...
... molecular level, we investigated the fine spatial expression of a subset of these newly identified CPN genes via in situ hybridization. We find that a small number of these genes are expressed in a laminar distribution suggestive of their presence in all CPN (Fig. Figure 1. Schematic representation ...
Chapter 02 Neuroscience and Behavior
... A cluster of fibers at one end of a neuron that receives messages from other neurons is called: ...
... A cluster of fibers at one end of a neuron that receives messages from other neurons is called: ...
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
... boys are genetically more prone to disorders of the nervous system. The behavior patterns that typify ADHD usually arise between the ages of three and five. Even so, the age of onset can vary widely: some children do not develop symptoms until late childhood or even early adolescence. Why their symp ...
... boys are genetically more prone to disorders of the nervous system. The behavior patterns that typify ADHD usually arise between the ages of three and five. Even so, the age of onset can vary widely: some children do not develop symptoms until late childhood or even early adolescence. Why their symp ...
the role of zinc in the pathogenesis and treatment of central nervous
... All presented findings and mixed data indicate that proper zinc level in specific neuronal compartments is essential for brain function and need to be precisely controlled in narrow concentration range, since even slightly disturbance may lead to neuronal damage during pathological ischemic conditio ...
... All presented findings and mixed data indicate that proper zinc level in specific neuronal compartments is essential for brain function and need to be precisely controlled in narrow concentration range, since even slightly disturbance may lead to neuronal damage during pathological ischemic conditio ...
Morphological Characteristics of the Developing Cranial Nerves and
... primitive groups among Osteichthyes since a large part of their endoskeleton remains cartilaginous and several anatomical features resemble those of sharks. However, their Paleozoic ancestors are now known to have possessed highly ossified skeletal systems. As a sister group of polypterids, sturgeon ...
... primitive groups among Osteichthyes since a large part of their endoskeleton remains cartilaginous and several anatomical features resemble those of sharks. However, their Paleozoic ancestors are now known to have possessed highly ossified skeletal systems. As a sister group of polypterids, sturgeon ...
On the computational architecture of the neocortex
... The cortex of every mammal seems to be divided into areas, each with a specialized role. The original identification of these areas was based on tiny differences of cell types and cell distributions and led to maps of cortical areas due to Brodmann and others. There are, of course, species differenc ...
... The cortex of every mammal seems to be divided into areas, each with a specialized role. The original identification of these areas was based on tiny differences of cell types and cell distributions and led to maps of cortical areas due to Brodmann and others. There are, of course, species differenc ...
Early Ontogeny of the Secondary Proliferative Population of the
... Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854 ...
... Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854 ...
Eye-specific Segregation Requires Neural Activity in Three
... the most caudomedial region of the structure (see Fig. 4a); and (3) ...
... the most caudomedial region of the structure (see Fig. 4a); and (3) ...
Appetitive associative learning recruits a distinct
... water except when otherwise noted. The colony room was maintained at 21 °C on a 12-h light/dark cycle (lights on 06:00) and all behavioral testing was conducted during the light phase of the cycle. Rats were given 1 week to acclimate to the colony room during which time they were handled and weighed ...
... water except when otherwise noted. The colony room was maintained at 21 °C on a 12-h light/dark cycle (lights on 06:00) and all behavioral testing was conducted during the light phase of the cycle. Rats were given 1 week to acclimate to the colony room during which time they were handled and weighed ...
Sleep/Neurology-The Orexin System
... In 2014, a team from Washington U published results of their work on orexin knock-out mice looking at Aβ deposition Results showed that increase in sleep time slowed the production of Aβ and sleep deprivation in ...
... In 2014, a team from Washington U published results of their work on orexin knock-out mice looking at Aβ deposition Results showed that increase in sleep time slowed the production of Aβ and sleep deprivation in ...
The projection of the lateral geniculate nucleus to area 17 of the rat
... pondence. Projections of the lateral geniculate body to the occipital cortex were also shown by Clark (I932) and Waller (I934). Recent electrophysiological studies of the visual system of the rat have demonstrated that the primary visual area has a distinct and precisely arranged retinotopic organiz ...
... pondence. Projections of the lateral geniculate body to the occipital cortex were also shown by Clark (I932) and Waller (I934). Recent electrophysiological studies of the visual system of the rat have demonstrated that the primary visual area has a distinct and precisely arranged retinotopic organiz ...
J.H. Meijer, S. Michel, M.J. Vansteensel
... system and illustrate some of the techniques that are used in studies on this topic. We review important findings on retinal circadian photoreception and the direct responses of SCN neurons to retinal illumination, and we describe recent insights in the mechanisms of entrainment as well as photoperio ...
... system and illustrate some of the techniques that are used in studies on this topic. We review important findings on retinal circadian photoreception and the direct responses of SCN neurons to retinal illumination, and we describe recent insights in the mechanisms of entrainment as well as photoperio ...
Representation in the Human Brain of Food Texture and Oral Fat
... cortex. Third, it was found that oral delivery of fatty vegetable oil activates both of these insular cortex regions, the hypothalamus, and the dorsal midanterior cingulate cortex. Fourth, it was found that the ventral anterior cingulate cortex, where it borders the medial orbitofrontal cortex, was ...
... cortex. Third, it was found that oral delivery of fatty vegetable oil activates both of these insular cortex regions, the hypothalamus, and the dorsal midanterior cingulate cortex. Fourth, it was found that the ventral anterior cingulate cortex, where it borders the medial orbitofrontal cortex, was ...
DO YOU SENSE WHAT I SENSE?
... world by using information that it receives from your eyes, ears, nose, mouth, and skin. Throughout this workbook, you will find neuroscience-inspired hands-on activities. We selected these activities from a wide range of possible activities described on neuroscience websites because they were relat ...
... world by using information that it receives from your eyes, ears, nose, mouth, and skin. Throughout this workbook, you will find neuroscience-inspired hands-on activities. We selected these activities from a wide range of possible activities described on neuroscience websites because they were relat ...
Structural and functional architecture of respiratory networks in the
... particular the respiratory CPG, including the mechanisms underlying the circuit dynamic reconfiguration under different conditions represents a central and challenging problem in neuroscience. Indeed, breathing is a dynamically mutable motor behaviour that not only performs a vital homeostatic funct ...
... particular the respiratory CPG, including the mechanisms underlying the circuit dynamic reconfiguration under different conditions represents a central and challenging problem in neuroscience. Indeed, breathing is a dynamically mutable motor behaviour that not only performs a vital homeostatic funct ...
Input-specific control of reward and aversion in the ventral tegmental
... dopamine neuron activity often correlates with a reward prediction error (that is, the difference between expected and actual rewards), these cells can also signal aversion, saliency, uncertainty and novelty2,3. They are heterogeneous in their anatomical location, targets to which they project, elec ...
... dopamine neuron activity often correlates with a reward prediction error (that is, the difference between expected and actual rewards), these cells can also signal aversion, saliency, uncertainty and novelty2,3. They are heterogeneous in their anatomical location, targets to which they project, elec ...
18 Coordination in Behavior and Cognition
... must order themselves in new or different ways to accommodate current conditions. The patterns that emerge may be dened as attractor states of the collective variable dynamics; that is, the collective variable may converge in time to a certain limit set or attractor solution. Mathematically, system ...
... must order themselves in new or different ways to accommodate current conditions. The patterns that emerge may be dened as attractor states of the collective variable dynamics; that is, the collective variable may converge in time to a certain limit set or attractor solution. Mathematically, system ...
themes - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
... The intrinsic esophageal peristalsis is mediated by the NANC inhibitory and cholinergic excitatory myenteric neurons acting in concert. Although usually termed inhibitory, stimulation of the NANC nerves in smooth muscle strips elicits a biphasic response that consists of inhibition followed by a reb ...
... The intrinsic esophageal peristalsis is mediated by the NANC inhibitory and cholinergic excitatory myenteric neurons acting in concert. Although usually termed inhibitory, stimulation of the NANC nerves in smooth muscle strips elicits a biphasic response that consists of inhibition followed by a reb ...
The basal ganglia and cortex implement optimal decision making
... In contrast, in the proficient phase, the mapping between stimulus and an appropriate response is well established and the requirement is one of performing action selection or decision making. This consists of identifying the current behavioural state and executing the known appropriate action as so ...
... In contrast, in the proficient phase, the mapping between stimulus and an appropriate response is well established and the requirement is one of performing action selection or decision making. This consists of identifying the current behavioural state and executing the known appropriate action as so ...
Neurologic Manifestations of Hypoglycemia
... Although it accounts for 2% of body weight, the brain utilizes 25% of the body’s glucose due to its high metabolic rate.2, 3 Evidence for the brains sole reliance on glucose came from obtaining a respiratory quotient of one after measuring differences between arterial and venous content of oxygen an ...
... Although it accounts for 2% of body weight, the brain utilizes 25% of the body’s glucose due to its high metabolic rate.2, 3 Evidence for the brains sole reliance on glucose came from obtaining a respiratory quotient of one after measuring differences between arterial and venous content of oxygen an ...
concurrent, distributed control of saccade initiation in the frontal eye
... equivalent of the saccade neurons with buildup activity observed in the SC. FEF is also populated by fixation neurons that seem to parallel their counterparts in the SC84 . Hanes and Wurtz 69 showed that it was not possible to elicit saccades with microstimulation of the FEF, following reversible d ...
... equivalent of the saccade neurons with buildup activity observed in the SC. FEF is also populated by fixation neurons that seem to parallel their counterparts in the SC84 . Hanes and Wurtz 69 showed that it was not possible to elicit saccades with microstimulation of the FEF, following reversible d ...
The Mammalian Diving Response: An Enigmatic Reflex to Preserve
... limitations of working in pelagic domains on very large animals of many different species with different ontogeny in different environments. Despite these impediments, our interest has been the neural organization regulating these autonomic functions during diving. The question has been raised (49), ...
... limitations of working in pelagic domains on very large animals of many different species with different ontogeny in different environments. Despite these impediments, our interest has been the neural organization regulating these autonomic functions during diving. The question has been raised (49), ...
what distinguishes conscious experience from unconscious processes
... role for behaviour might have for any understanding of conscious experience itself. Attention and its allies Let’s consider a person’s response to a visual stimulus. Imagine there is some object in a room which is positioned such that light striking its surface is reflected towards a person’s eyes. ...
... role for behaviour might have for any understanding of conscious experience itself. Attention and its allies Let’s consider a person’s response to a visual stimulus. Imagine there is some object in a room which is positioned such that light striking its surface is reflected towards a person’s eyes. ...
Neuroanatomy
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Neuroanatomy is the study of the anatomy and stereotyped organization of nervous systems. In contrast to animals with radial symmetry, whose nervous system consists of a distributed network of cells, animals with bilateral symmetry have segregated, defined nervous systems, and thus we can make much more precise statements about their neuroanatomy. In vertebrates, the nervous system is segregated into the internal structure of the brain and spinal cord (together called the central nervous system, or CNS) and the routes of the nerves that connect to the rest of the body (known as the peripheral nervous system, or PNS). The delineation of distinct structures and regions of the nervous system has been critical in investigating how it works. For example, much of what neuroscientists have learned comes from observing how damage or ""lesions"" to specific brain areas affects behavior or other neural functions.For information about the composition of animal nervous systems, see nervous system. For information about the typical structure of the human nervous system, see human brain or peripheral nervous system. This article discusses information pertinent to the study of neuroanatomy.