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Behavioral and Pathological Effects in the Rat
... vestibular dysfunction and hyperactivity in the open field, but they did not significantly decrease stride length. Hexadienenitrile and trans-crotononitrile did not increase the vestibular scores or the locomotor activity, but they caused a marked decrease in stride length; they also decreased holdi ...
... vestibular dysfunction and hyperactivity in the open field, but they did not significantly decrease stride length. Hexadienenitrile and trans-crotononitrile did not increase the vestibular scores or the locomotor activity, but they caused a marked decrease in stride length; they also decreased holdi ...
Dynamics and Synchronization of Motifs of Neuronal Populations in the Presence
... contextualize. The motivation aims at evidencing the importance of synchronization to brain functioning. Consciousness, cognition, behavior and perception require the interaction of multiple large groups of interconnected neurons, which are often segregated and distant. Fundamentally, the synchronou ...
... contextualize. The motivation aims at evidencing the importance of synchronization to brain functioning. Consciousness, cognition, behavior and perception require the interaction of multiple large groups of interconnected neurons, which are often segregated and distant. Fundamentally, the synchronou ...
cerebellar projections to the superior colliculus in the cat1
... Angaut and Bowsher, 1970). However, Edwards et al. cerebellocollicular projections, as was affirmed by Ed(1979), using HRP, attribute these projections to the wards et al. (1979), nor, at least in the superior colliculus, rostral part of this nucleus. In contrast to this, in all of are the terminal ...
... Angaut and Bowsher, 1970). However, Edwards et al. cerebellocollicular projections, as was affirmed by Ed(1979), using HRP, attribute these projections to the wards et al. (1979), nor, at least in the superior colliculus, rostral part of this nucleus. In contrast to this, in all of are the terminal ...
Activity of Ventral Medial Thalamic Neurons during
... ipsilateral EEG of orofacial motor cortex. Pharmacology. Pharmacological blockade of glutamatergic transmission in the SNR was obtained after local injection of kynurenate (KYNU) (100 nl; 75 mM; Sigma, Fallavier, France), a nonselective NMDA and AMPA receptors antagonist (Stone, 1993), via a glass m ...
... ipsilateral EEG of orofacial motor cortex. Pharmacology. Pharmacological blockade of glutamatergic transmission in the SNR was obtained after local injection of kynurenate (KYNU) (100 nl; 75 mM; Sigma, Fallavier, France), a nonselective NMDA and AMPA receptors antagonist (Stone, 1993), via a glass m ...
Full Article
... First, after transection, the corticospinal tract of the rat collateralizes abundantly into new regions of the dorsal horn and intermediate zone (Fouad et al., 2001). Second, sprouting corticospinal tract axons (CST) make new connections with somatic interneurons above incomplete spinal lesions. The ...
... First, after transection, the corticospinal tract of the rat collateralizes abundantly into new regions of the dorsal horn and intermediate zone (Fouad et al., 2001). Second, sprouting corticospinal tract axons (CST) make new connections with somatic interneurons above incomplete spinal lesions. The ...
Chapter 17 Intrinsic Optical Signal Imaging of Normal and Abnormal
... however, has only been investigated using autoradiography (1, 55, 75), SPECT (78), and fMRI (3, 41, 53), which lack high temporal resolution. Using ORIS at 546 nm, we have shown that as early as 100 ms after an epileptiform event, one can record a focal increase in CBV that is as highly localized as ...
... however, has only been investigated using autoradiography (1, 55, 75), SPECT (78), and fMRI (3, 41, 53), which lack high temporal resolution. Using ORIS at 546 nm, we have shown that as early as 100 ms after an epileptiform event, one can record a focal increase in CBV that is as highly localized as ...
The Action Potential, Synaptic Transmission, and Maintenance of
... processed and transmitted by a neuron depends on its location in the nervous system. For example, nerve cells associated with visual pathways convey information about the external environment, such as light and dark, to the brain; neurons associated with motor pathways convey information to control ...
... processed and transmitted by a neuron depends on its location in the nervous system. For example, nerve cells associated with visual pathways convey information about the external environment, such as light and dark, to the brain; neurons associated with motor pathways convey information to control ...
Differential Localization of G Protein βγ Subunits
... subcellular distribution of Gβγ isoforms will be of particular importance in determining which of the many possible combinations are likely to occur physiologically, what roles each may play in regulating signaling cascades, and their impact in disease. The majority of G protein β and γ subunits hav ...
... subcellular distribution of Gβγ isoforms will be of particular importance in determining which of the many possible combinations are likely to occur physiologically, what roles each may play in regulating signaling cascades, and their impact in disease. The majority of G protein β and γ subunits hav ...
Jason Pitt - University of Evansville Faculty Web sites
... But what does any of this have to do with cell death? The function of a cell is important because it defines its role while alive, but it also indicates how readily an organism will want to kill it. For example, the cells lining the stomach are in a very harsh environment, and as such they are repla ...
... But what does any of this have to do with cell death? The function of a cell is important because it defines its role while alive, but it also indicates how readily an organism will want to kill it. For example, the cells lining the stomach are in a very harsh environment, and as such they are repla ...
Stimulus-Dependent Synchronization of Neuronal Responses in the
... summate optimally in target cell populations. If temporal synchronization is exploited by the nervous system to select constellations of responses for further joint processing, then the responses evoked by the same stimulus are expected to contain such synchronous episodes much more frequently than ...
... summate optimally in target cell populations. If temporal synchronization is exploited by the nervous system to select constellations of responses for further joint processing, then the responses evoked by the same stimulus are expected to contain such synchronous episodes much more frequently than ...
Deep Brain Stimulation Does Not Silence Neurons in Subthalamic
... The functional lesion hypothesis received support from studies in humans and in a primate model of Parkinson’s disease in which high-frequency stimulation in the STN was seen to inhibit activity in surrounding cell bodies for periods of up to several seconds (Filali et al. 2004; Meissner et al. 2005 ...
... The functional lesion hypothesis received support from studies in humans and in a primate model of Parkinson’s disease in which high-frequency stimulation in the STN was seen to inhibit activity in surrounding cell bodies for periods of up to several seconds (Filali et al. 2004; Meissner et al. 2005 ...
For Peer Review - diss.fu
... MnR: 7.8 mm posterior to bregma, 0.8 from the midline, and 7.8 mm ventral to the dura (-6°). Hemisphere for injections into VTA was randomized prior to each experiment. The retrograde tracer Fluorogold (FG; 2-hydroxy-4,4-diamino-stilbene, 1% in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer, pH 7.4; Fluorochrome, Denver, ...
... MnR: 7.8 mm posterior to bregma, 0.8 from the midline, and 7.8 mm ventral to the dura (-6°). Hemisphere for injections into VTA was randomized prior to each experiment. The retrograde tracer Fluorogold (FG; 2-hydroxy-4,4-diamino-stilbene, 1% in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer, pH 7.4; Fluorochrome, Denver, ...
Do reports of consciousness during cardiac arrest hold
... how a pre-conscious event becomes conscious, other than to simply say that it ‘somehow’ occurs at a critical point. They also cannot account for how we have a sense of free will. These and other limitations with the conventional views have led some scientists to seek alternative explanations for con ...
... how a pre-conscious event becomes conscious, other than to simply say that it ‘somehow’ occurs at a critical point. They also cannot account for how we have a sense of free will. These and other limitations with the conventional views have led some scientists to seek alternative explanations for con ...
Contributions and challenges for network models in cognitive
... consideration when applying network methodologies. For example, because structural networks describe anatomical connections, they are well-suited to measures that capture aspects of neuronal signaling or communication along structural paths. In contrast, functional networks represent patterns of cor ...
... consideration when applying network methodologies. For example, because structural networks describe anatomical connections, they are well-suited to measures that capture aspects of neuronal signaling or communication along structural paths. In contrast, functional networks represent patterns of cor ...
Impact of diet on adult hippocampal neurogenesis
... astrocytes in vitro and AHN in vivo, suggesting that hippocampal astrocytes may act through this pathway [66]. Another study also suggests that astrocytes in areas outside the SGZ and SVZ of adult mice express high levels of ephrinA2 and -A3, which present an inhibitory niche, negatively regulating ...
... astrocytes in vitro and AHN in vivo, suggesting that hippocampal astrocytes may act through this pathway [66]. Another study also suggests that astrocytes in areas outside the SGZ and SVZ of adult mice express high levels of ephrinA2 and -A3, which present an inhibitory niche, negatively regulating ...
What Are Emotional States, and Why Do We
... cortex. V1: primary visual cortex; V4: visual cortical area V4; PreGen Cing: pregenual cingulate cortex. “Gate” refers to the finding that inputs such as the taste, smell, and sight of food in some brain regions only produce effects when hunger is present (Rolls, 2005b). The column of brain regions ...
... cortex. V1: primary visual cortex; V4: visual cortical area V4; PreGen Cing: pregenual cingulate cortex. “Gate” refers to the finding that inputs such as the taste, smell, and sight of food in some brain regions only produce effects when hunger is present (Rolls, 2005b). The column of brain regions ...
Isoforms of the human histamine H receptor
... showed that hH3R445, hH3R365 and hH3R373 receptors were functional, whereas isoforms hH3R301 (lacking most part of i3 loop, as well as TM6 and TM7 regions) and hH3R309 (lacking TM4 and TM5 regions, and part of the i3 loop) were not45. Isoform hH3R221 functionality was not analyzed, with only 5 TM re ...
... showed that hH3R445, hH3R365 and hH3R373 receptors were functional, whereas isoforms hH3R301 (lacking most part of i3 loop, as well as TM6 and TM7 regions) and hH3R309 (lacking TM4 and TM5 regions, and part of the i3 loop) were not45. Isoform hH3R221 functionality was not analyzed, with only 5 TM re ...
14132.full - Explore Bristol Research
... 1b). In support of this, Molinari and Dostrovsky (1987) showed that stimulus currents at a comparable intensity spread only minimally beyond the borders of IO and failed to activate axons of the medial lemniscus adjacent to the dorsal accessory olive (DAO). In the present study, we aimed to confirm ...
... 1b). In support of this, Molinari and Dostrovsky (1987) showed that stimulus currents at a comparable intensity spread only minimally beyond the borders of IO and failed to activate axons of the medial lemniscus adjacent to the dorsal accessory olive (DAO). In the present study, we aimed to confirm ...
Vascular Spasm in Cat Cerebral Cortex
... FIGURE 1. Graph of vessel internal diameters in control freflow) versus nore flow areas for six separate cortical regions. ...
... FIGURE 1. Graph of vessel internal diameters in control freflow) versus nore flow areas for six separate cortical regions. ...
Interkinetic and Migratory Behavior of a Cohort of Neocortical
... and its phases (Takahashi et al., 1992, 1993, 1995a) and the values for Q and P fractions (Takahashi et al., 1994, 1996) in the PVE of the dorsomedial cerebral wall for the entire neuronogenetic interval in mice. These parameters support a neuronogenetic model that predicts the rate of neuron produc ...
... and its phases (Takahashi et al., 1992, 1993, 1995a) and the values for Q and P fractions (Takahashi et al., 1994, 1996) in the PVE of the dorsomedial cerebral wall for the entire neuronogenetic interval in mice. These parameters support a neuronogenetic model that predicts the rate of neuron produc ...
Membrane Potential Fluctuations in Neural Integrator
... absence of continued stimulus. This thesis describes the study of one model system of persistent activity, the goldfish oculomotor neural integrator that integrates (in the calculus sense) transient saccadic and vestibular signals into permanent changes in eye position. We use in vivo whole-cell int ...
... absence of continued stimulus. This thesis describes the study of one model system of persistent activity, the goldfish oculomotor neural integrator that integrates (in the calculus sense) transient saccadic and vestibular signals into permanent changes in eye position. We use in vivo whole-cell int ...
Current advances and pressing problems in studies of stopping
... already been canceled. Neurons that initiate or inhibit eye movements in FEF and SC modulate early enough to control movements directly (Figure 2A). These neurons project to brainstem structures that house ocular motor neurons, enabling them to influence response production directly [26,27]. After t ...
... already been canceled. Neurons that initiate or inhibit eye movements in FEF and SC modulate early enough to control movements directly (Figure 2A). These neurons project to brainstem structures that house ocular motor neurons, enabling them to influence response production directly [26,27]. After t ...
Mirror Neurons and Mirror Systems in Monkeys and Humans
... act and when they observe a similar act done by others. In primates, mirror neurons have been found in the premotor cortex and in the inferior parietal lobule (22, 20, 51). Recently, mirror neurons also have been described in the forebrain of birds (48). The essence of the mirror neuron mechanism is ...
... act and when they observe a similar act done by others. In primates, mirror neurons have been found in the premotor cortex and in the inferior parietal lobule (22, 20, 51). Recently, mirror neurons also have been described in the forebrain of birds (48). The essence of the mirror neuron mechanism is ...
Neuroanatomy
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Neuroanatomy is the study of the anatomy and stereotyped organization of nervous systems. In contrast to animals with radial symmetry, whose nervous system consists of a distributed network of cells, animals with bilateral symmetry have segregated, defined nervous systems, and thus we can make much more precise statements about their neuroanatomy. In vertebrates, the nervous system is segregated into the internal structure of the brain and spinal cord (together called the central nervous system, or CNS) and the routes of the nerves that connect to the rest of the body (known as the peripheral nervous system, or PNS). The delineation of distinct structures and regions of the nervous system has been critical in investigating how it works. For example, much of what neuroscientists have learned comes from observing how damage or ""lesions"" to specific brain areas affects behavior or other neural functions.For information about the composition of animal nervous systems, see nervous system. For information about the typical structure of the human nervous system, see human brain or peripheral nervous system. This article discusses information pertinent to the study of neuroanatomy.