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... At each penetration site, responses from 675 frequency-level stimulus conditions determine the frequency response area (Sutter and Schreiner 1991, 1995), including the excitatory tuning curve. Tone burst frequencies are spaced logarithmically with the range of test frequencies chosen according to th ...
... At each penetration site, responses from 675 frequency-level stimulus conditions determine the frequency response area (Sutter and Schreiner 1991, 1995), including the excitatory tuning curve. Tone burst frequencies are spaced logarithmically with the range of test frequencies chosen according to th ...
Reaching beyond the classical receptive field of V1 neurons
... size of the RF center is to stimulate the cell with a moving high contrast sinewave grating of optimal orientation, spatial and temporal frequencies for the cell, and to increase its size until the response of the neuron ceases to increase [20,54,84]. The high contrast summation RF (hsRF) correspond ...
... size of the RF center is to stimulate the cell with a moving high contrast sinewave grating of optimal orientation, spatial and temporal frequencies for the cell, and to increase its size until the response of the neuron ceases to increase [20,54,84]. The high contrast summation RF (hsRF) correspond ...
Central mechanisms regulating coordinated cardiovascular and
... Sympathetic premotor neurons within the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), many of which are epinephrine-synthesizing neurons of the C1 group, are known to have a critical role in the tonic and reflex control of sympathetic vasomotor activity and blood pressure (41, 70). It is often assumed that ...
... Sympathetic premotor neurons within the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), many of which are epinephrine-synthesizing neurons of the C1 group, are known to have a critical role in the tonic and reflex control of sympathetic vasomotor activity and blood pressure (41, 70). It is often assumed that ...
Ventral Medial Nucleus Neurons Send Thalamocortical Afferents
... pal-mRFP-labeled VM neuron in a hemisphere were incubated overnight with 0.5 µg/mL affinity-purified rabbit antibody to GFP (Tamamaki et al. 2000; Nakamura et al. 2008) or 0.5 µg/mL affinity-purified rabbit antibody to mRFP (Hioki et al. 2010), respectively, in PBS-XCD. After a rinse with PBS-X, the sec ...
... pal-mRFP-labeled VM neuron in a hemisphere were incubated overnight with 0.5 µg/mL affinity-purified rabbit antibody to GFP (Tamamaki et al. 2000; Nakamura et al. 2008) or 0.5 µg/mL affinity-purified rabbit antibody to mRFP (Hioki et al. 2010), respectively, in PBS-XCD. After a rinse with PBS-X, the sec ...
Learning place cells, grid cells and invariances: A unifying model
... within minutes [4]. Moreover, grid cells react quickly to changes in the environment [42–44]. These observations challenge models for grid cells that require gradual synaptic changes during spatial exploration. In principle, the time scale of plasticitybased models can be augmented arbitrarily by in ...
... within minutes [4]. Moreover, grid cells react quickly to changes in the environment [42–44]. These observations challenge models for grid cells that require gradual synaptic changes during spatial exploration. In principle, the time scale of plasticitybased models can be augmented arbitrarily by in ...
Jesús Pujol Martí Neural map organization and development in the lateral-line system
... possible to manipulate neuronal activity in intact behaving animals and ask for its consequences. Because of the recent technological advances and the many questions yet to be answered, these are exciting times to study one of the greatest mysteries in modern biology: how the nervous system works to ...
... possible to manipulate neuronal activity in intact behaving animals and ask for its consequences. Because of the recent technological advances and the many questions yet to be answered, these are exciting times to study one of the greatest mysteries in modern biology: how the nervous system works to ...
Neuron Physiology and Synapses
... The generation and propagation of action potentials are the principle way neurons and muscle cells communicate (receive, integrate and send information). Definition of the action potential: It is a brief large depolarization or change in voltage of an amplitude of 100 mv (-70 to +30 mv). When a stim ...
... The generation and propagation of action potentials are the principle way neurons and muscle cells communicate (receive, integrate and send information). Definition of the action potential: It is a brief large depolarization or change in voltage of an amplitude of 100 mv (-70 to +30 mv). When a stim ...
Shapes and Level Tolerances of Frequency Tuning Curves in
... extended low-frequency tails, and sharp high-frequency cutoffs in auditory nerve (AN) fiber eFTCs (e.g., Kiang et al. 1967) indicate that more AN fibers will respond to a loud lowfrequency sound than a loud high-frequency sound. This type of population code cannot simply be determined by sharpness m ...
... extended low-frequency tails, and sharp high-frequency cutoffs in auditory nerve (AN) fiber eFTCs (e.g., Kiang et al. 1967) indicate that more AN fibers will respond to a loud lowfrequency sound than a loud high-frequency sound. This type of population code cannot simply be determined by sharpness m ...
D5 (Not D1) Dopamine Receptors Potentiate Burst
... (control: 5.3 ⫾ 1.2; D1 agonist: 5.7 ⫾ 1.8 Hz; n ⫽ 8). Afterhyperpolarization was often more pronounced, but there was no other effect on cell properties, including input resistance, spike threshold, amplitude, or width (n ⫽ 15; data not shown). Although burst-firing is displayed spontaneously by on ...
... (control: 5.3 ⫾ 1.2; D1 agonist: 5.7 ⫾ 1.8 Hz; n ⫽ 8). Afterhyperpolarization was often more pronounced, but there was no other effect on cell properties, including input resistance, spike threshold, amplitude, or width (n ⫽ 15; data not shown). Although burst-firing is displayed spontaneously by on ...
Neural Activity in Macaque Parietal Cortex Reflects
... motion stimulus (51.2% coherence, described below) shown for 500 ms. We required the neuron to discharge selectively for preferred-target choices, during both motion viewing (500 ms) and a delay period between extinction of the random dot motion and the extinction of the fixation point, which signal ...
... motion stimulus (51.2% coherence, described below) shown for 500 ms. We required the neuron to discharge selectively for preferred-target choices, during both motion viewing (500 ms) and a delay period between extinction of the random dot motion and the extinction of the fixation point, which signal ...
Circuits of emotion in the primate brain
... perform the same, ‘old’ functions across extant species; rather, the emotional brain of primates can be thought of as a palimpsest in evolutionary terms. Even the function of homologous structures across species may have been co-opted for new or species-specific purposes. Thus, even as we refer to c ...
... perform the same, ‘old’ functions across extant species; rather, the emotional brain of primates can be thought of as a palimpsest in evolutionary terms. Even the function of homologous structures across species may have been co-opted for new or species-specific purposes. Thus, even as we refer to c ...
Rapid Changes in Synaptic Vesicle Cytochemistry
... ABstrAct Sympathetic neurons taken from rat superior cervical ganglia and grown in culture acquire cholinergic function under certain conditions. These cholinergic sympathetic neurons, however, retain a number of adrenergic properties, including the enzymes involved in the synthesis of norepinephrin ...
... ABstrAct Sympathetic neurons taken from rat superior cervical ganglia and grown in culture acquire cholinergic function under certain conditions. These cholinergic sympathetic neurons, however, retain a number of adrenergic properties, including the enzymes involved in the synthesis of norepinephrin ...
cur op e-print version
... integration in the BSR substrate [27]. With stimulation frequency held constant, intensity of reinforcement grows only during a period of 1-2 seconds and shows little or no further increase with prolonged stimulation. Such “duration neglect” has also been found in the case of a variety of aversive s ...
... integration in the BSR substrate [27]. With stimulation frequency held constant, intensity of reinforcement grows only during a period of 1-2 seconds and shows little or no further increase with prolonged stimulation. Such “duration neglect” has also been found in the case of a variety of aversive s ...
Joseph and Heberlein 1 Tissue-specific Activation of a
... may result from activation of distinct Gr66a-expressing neurons. Using tissue-specific rescue experiments, we found that Gr66a-expressing neurons on the legs mediate positional aversion. In contrast, pharyngeal taste-cells mediate the egg-laying attraction to lobeline, as determined by analysis of m ...
... may result from activation of distinct Gr66a-expressing neurons. Using tissue-specific rescue experiments, we found that Gr66a-expressing neurons on the legs mediate positional aversion. In contrast, pharyngeal taste-cells mediate the egg-laying attraction to lobeline, as determined by analysis of m ...
Locally evoked potentials in slices of the rat nucleus - UvA-DARE
... by L e m o n and P r o c h a z k a 36. Spontaneous firing of single cells in the A c b slice was never encountered. In contrast, m a n y units fired in response to local stimulation. Repetitive firing was e n c o u n t e r e d in only one case on a total n u m b e r of 114 units. Antidromically acti ...
... by L e m o n and P r o c h a z k a 36. Spontaneous firing of single cells in the A c b slice was never encountered. In contrast, m a n y units fired in response to local stimulation. Repetitive firing was e n c o u n t e r e d in only one case on a total n u m b e r of 114 units. Antidromically acti ...
PDF - Folia Biologica
... electrophysiological properties have been described by Wang et al. (2004). MCs are GABAergic and belong to the group of SOM-positive neurons. SOM is expressed by all MCs regardless of their morphological and electrophysiological differences. In 50 % of MCs SOM is the solely expressed peptide and in ...
... electrophysiological properties have been described by Wang et al. (2004). MCs are GABAergic and belong to the group of SOM-positive neurons. SOM is expressed by all MCs regardless of their morphological and electrophysiological differences. In 50 % of MCs SOM is the solely expressed peptide and in ...
Activity Regulates the Incidence of Heteronymous Sensory
... (B) Lines of action of muscles in cat. Axes represent torques (in newton-meters) evoked by individual muscle nerve stimulation. Posterior crural muscles are shown in gray. MG, medial gastrocnemius. LG, lateral gastrocnemius. Adapted from Nichols (1994). (C) Number of self and synergist motor neurons ...
... (B) Lines of action of muscles in cat. Axes represent torques (in newton-meters) evoked by individual muscle nerve stimulation. Posterior crural muscles are shown in gray. MG, medial gastrocnemius. LG, lateral gastrocnemius. Adapted from Nichols (1994). (C) Number of self and synergist motor neurons ...
During Arm-Reaching and Isometric-Force Tasks
... ics during a reaching task, Kalaska et al. (1989) showed that the activity of many M1 neurons was modulated both by the direction in which the arm was pulled by the external forces and by the direction of movement and the static posture of the arm during unloaded arm movements. Furthermore, the dire ...
... ics during a reaching task, Kalaska et al. (1989) showed that the activity of many M1 neurons was modulated both by the direction in which the arm was pulled by the external forces and by the direction of movement and the static posture of the arm during unloaded arm movements. Furthermore, the dire ...
Dynamics and Synchronization of Motifs of Neuronal Populations in the Presence
... or even to a single person (Quiroga et al., 2005). In the vision, the concept of receptive field has also been extended to capture a spatiotemporal feature of the stimulus. This generalization allows the characterization of direction selective responses from neurons in primary visual cortex (Alonso ...
... or even to a single person (Quiroga et al., 2005). In the vision, the concept of receptive field has also been extended to capture a spatiotemporal feature of the stimulus. This generalization allows the characterization of direction selective responses from neurons in primary visual cortex (Alonso ...
- Stem-cell and Brain Research Institute
... monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Some of the results from these injections have already been reported in another article (Falchier et al., 2002). Central area 17 injections were in the cortex subserving 0º–2º in the lower visual field (M85RHDY and M85RHFsB). Injections aimed at the peripheral represen ...
... monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Some of the results from these injections have already been reported in another article (Falchier et al., 2002). Central area 17 injections were in the cortex subserving 0º–2º in the lower visual field (M85RHDY and M85RHFsB). Injections aimed at the peripheral represen ...
