Loss of IP receptor function in neuropeptide Drosophila
... Discussion and conclusions Insulin-like peptides (ILPs), which are secreted by a subset of the medial neurosecretory cells in the brain (Figure 1), regulate lipid homeostasis in the fat body cells of adult Drosophila [22,23]. The obese phenotype observed in adult itpr mutants suggested a role for IP ...
... Discussion and conclusions Insulin-like peptides (ILPs), which are secreted by a subset of the medial neurosecretory cells in the brain (Figure 1), regulate lipid homeostasis in the fat body cells of adult Drosophila [22,23]. The obese phenotype observed in adult itpr mutants suggested a role for IP ...
Axonal conduction properties of antidromically identified neurons in
... of neurons outside of layer IV, particularly those in layers V and VI. One such approach for distinguishing among different local circuits in these layers may be to identify the projection target of neurons whose axon collaterals contribute to the local network. In vivo, this can be accomplished usi ...
... of neurons outside of layer IV, particularly those in layers V and VI. One such approach for distinguishing among different local circuits in these layers may be to identify the projection target of neurons whose axon collaterals contribute to the local network. In vivo, this can be accomplished usi ...
Peripheral Nervous System The Somatic System
... • Synapses: site of communication between neurons using chemical neurotransmitters • Myelin & myelin sheath: lipoprotein covering produced by glial cells (e.g., Schwann cells in PNS) that increases axonal conduction velocity • Demyelinating diseases: e.g., Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in CNS or GuillainB ...
... • Synapses: site of communication between neurons using chemical neurotransmitters • Myelin & myelin sheath: lipoprotein covering produced by glial cells (e.g., Schwann cells in PNS) that increases axonal conduction velocity • Demyelinating diseases: e.g., Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in CNS or GuillainB ...
Plasticity in the Nervous System of Adult Hydra. III. Conversion of
... Many of the VLI+ neurons had processes extending from the base to the apex of the ectoderm, indicating that they were sensory cells (Fig. 5e). The numbers of VLI+ neurons in the hypostome (Fig. 5~) and tentacles (Fig. 5b) were substantial and more than those found in the body column, though less tha ...
... Many of the VLI+ neurons had processes extending from the base to the apex of the ectoderm, indicating that they were sensory cells (Fig. 5e). The numbers of VLI+ neurons in the hypostome (Fig. 5~) and tentacles (Fig. 5b) were substantial and more than those found in the body column, though less tha ...
Michael Arbib: CS564 - Brain Theory and Artificial Intelligence
... Michael Arbib: CS564 - Brain Theory and Artificial Intelligence University of Southern California, Fall 2001 ...
... Michael Arbib: CS564 - Brain Theory and Artificial Intelligence University of Southern California, Fall 2001 ...
Expression and Functional Interaction of Hepatocyte Growth Factor
... and the septum, as well as in the pons. In the embryonic mouse, brain HGF-SF and c-met are expressed as early as days 12 and 13, respectively. Neuronal expression of HGF-SF is evolutionary highly conserved and detectable beyond the mammalian class. Incubation of septal neurons in culture with HGF-SF ...
... and the septum, as well as in the pons. In the embryonic mouse, brain HGF-SF and c-met are expressed as early as days 12 and 13, respectively. Neuronal expression of HGF-SF is evolutionary highly conserved and detectable beyond the mammalian class. Incubation of septal neurons in culture with HGF-SF ...
Combinatorial Marking of Cells and Organelles with Split
... HSN fluorescence was weak and rarely seen when split GFP was generated from these promoters ...
... HSN fluorescence was weak and rarely seen when split GFP was generated from these promoters ...
motor systems
... supplementary motor area (SMA), a number of separately identifiable motor areas are found in the premotor cortex anterior to M1 and the SMA and in the cingulate sulcus inferior to SMA. These cortical areas are connected with one another and receive input from prefrontal and parietal cortical areas a ...
... supplementary motor area (SMA), a number of separately identifiable motor areas are found in the premotor cortex anterior to M1 and the SMA and in the cingulate sulcus inferior to SMA. These cortical areas are connected with one another and receive input from prefrontal and parietal cortical areas a ...
Basal Ganglia, Tremor, Vim-DBS, and the Excitability of Spinal Motor
... seemed reasonable to assume that the main underlying cause of rigidity is an excessive supraspinal drive to the spinal motor neurons, including an increase in motoneuron excitability. No evidence for contribution of these mechanisms to cause tremor was observed. ...
... seemed reasonable to assume that the main underlying cause of rigidity is an excessive supraspinal drive to the spinal motor neurons, including an increase in motoneuron excitability. No evidence for contribution of these mechanisms to cause tremor was observed. ...
Chapter 27 - Fullfrontalanatomy.com
... • Although there is remarkable uniformity in the way nerve cells function, there is great variety in how nervous systems as a whole are organized. • Vertebrate nervous systems are diverse in ...
... • Although there is remarkable uniformity in the way nerve cells function, there is great variety in how nervous systems as a whole are organized. • Vertebrate nervous systems are diverse in ...
Tuberoinfundibular peptid 39 and its receptor in the central nervous
... negative signal. In addition, the presence of the housekeeping gene GAPDH was shown in each sample using a lower cycle number to demonstrate that mRNA was efficiently transcribed into cDNA. In contrast, a high cycle number was used for the PTH2 receptor so that even a small amount of mRNA would be d ...
... negative signal. In addition, the presence of the housekeeping gene GAPDH was shown in each sample using a lower cycle number to demonstrate that mRNA was efficiently transcribed into cDNA. In contrast, a high cycle number was used for the PTH2 receptor so that even a small amount of mRNA would be d ...
Modelling the Grid-like Encoding of Visual Space
... mechanisms that directly integrate information on the velocity and direction of an animal into a periodic representation of the animal’s location (Kerdels, 2016). As a consequence, the particular models do not generalize well, i.e., they can not be used to describe or investigate the behavior of neu ...
... mechanisms that directly integrate information on the velocity and direction of an animal into a periodic representation of the animal’s location (Kerdels, 2016). As a consequence, the particular models do not generalize well, i.e., they can not be used to describe or investigate the behavior of neu ...
Full text PDF - Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
... spinal-cord starts approximately in the th month of intrauterine life, some of nerve fibres, which descend from higher brain centres in spinal-cord don’t myelinise until the first year after birth. Nervous system tracts myelinise approximately when they start to function (). Analysing the developmen ...
... spinal-cord starts approximately in the th month of intrauterine life, some of nerve fibres, which descend from higher brain centres in spinal-cord don’t myelinise until the first year after birth. Nervous system tracts myelinise approximately when they start to function (). Analysing the developmen ...
Although people with the movies, narcolepsy
... have observed that such mice also have some symptoms of narcolepsy, including REM sleep at sleep onset. Hypocretin/orexin is made only in a region deep in the brain called the hypothalamus, which besides regulating body weight also controls water balance, pituitary functions, body temperature and ma ...
... have observed that such mice also have some symptoms of narcolepsy, including REM sleep at sleep onset. Hypocretin/orexin is made only in a region deep in the brain called the hypothalamus, which besides regulating body weight also controls water balance, pituitary functions, body temperature and ma ...
Principles of Endocrinology - The Central Endocrine Glands
... in the shape of small secretory vesicles a. Action potentials from the neurone cell bodies in the hypothalamus travels down the axons until they reach the axon terminals in the posterior pituitary glands via the HH tract b. These action potentials causes neurohormone release c. These neurohormones t ...
... in the shape of small secretory vesicles a. Action potentials from the neurone cell bodies in the hypothalamus travels down the axons until they reach the axon terminals in the posterior pituitary glands via the HH tract b. These action potentials causes neurohormone release c. These neurohormones t ...
Morphological and Quantitative Study of Neurons in the Gracile
... size and shape; 2) density of dendritic tree and 3) presence or absence of different types of spines and/or appendages on dendrites and/or cell bodies. Type I Neurons: These multipolar or elongated neurons (Figure 2) represented the largest impregnated neuronal type in the Gr. They had very large so ...
... size and shape; 2) density of dendritic tree and 3) presence or absence of different types of spines and/or appendages on dendrites and/or cell bodies. Type I Neurons: These multipolar or elongated neurons (Figure 2) represented the largest impregnated neuronal type in the Gr. They had very large so ...
development brain section anatomy gross anatomy
... primary visual cortex (Brodmann area 17) primary auditory cortex (Brodmann area 41) primary somatosensory cortex (Brodmann areas 3, 1, 2) gustatory cortex (insula) vestibular cortex (insula) primary motor cortex(Brodmann area 4) premotor and supplemental motor cortices (Brodmann area 6) frontal eye ...
... primary visual cortex (Brodmann area 17) primary auditory cortex (Brodmann area 41) primary somatosensory cortex (Brodmann areas 3, 1, 2) gustatory cortex (insula) vestibular cortex (insula) primary motor cortex(Brodmann area 4) premotor and supplemental motor cortices (Brodmann area 6) frontal eye ...
Transformation from temporal to rate coding in a somatosensory
... range12), brainstem and lemniscal latencies were also essentially constant (Fig. 2, centre PSTHs and right insets), in agreement with other ®ndings10. However, steady-state latencies of the paralemniscal pathway increased with increasing stimulus frequency (Fig. 2, centre PSTHs and right insets; see ...
... range12), brainstem and lemniscal latencies were also essentially constant (Fig. 2, centre PSTHs and right insets), in agreement with other ®ndings10. However, steady-state latencies of the paralemniscal pathway increased with increasing stimulus frequency (Fig. 2, centre PSTHs and right insets; see ...
Optogenetics in a transparent animal: circuit function in the larval
... (OKR) where objects moving across the visual field evoke stereotyped tracking eye movements [6], the optomotor response (OMR) where larvae turn and swim in the direction of perceived whole-field visual motion [7], prey tracking and capture [8–11], as well as associative learning [12], and motor adap ...
... (OKR) where objects moving across the visual field evoke stereotyped tracking eye movements [6], the optomotor response (OMR) where larvae turn and swim in the direction of perceived whole-field visual motion [7], prey tracking and capture [8–11], as well as associative learning [12], and motor adap ...
Fatty acid amide hydrolase expression in rat choroid plexus
... cells of the choroid plexus is of particular interest because these cells are involved in regulating the composition of the CSF [4]. Underlying the epithelial cell layer of the choroid plexus is a capillary complex which is thought to produce a simple ®ltrate of blood plasma which is then absorbed b ...
... cells of the choroid plexus is of particular interest because these cells are involved in regulating the composition of the CSF [4]. Underlying the epithelial cell layer of the choroid plexus is a capillary complex which is thought to produce a simple ®ltrate of blood plasma which is then absorbed b ...
Anatomical and physiological bases of consciousness and sleep
... • RF- a complex aggregate of neurons whose cell bodies form neuronal clusters in the tegmental portion of the brainstem, i.e., from the level of the decussation of the pyramids in caudal medulla to the basal forebrain and thalamus. • The neurons are -characterized by long radiating dendrites that ha ...
... • RF- a complex aggregate of neurons whose cell bodies form neuronal clusters in the tegmental portion of the brainstem, i.e., from the level of the decussation of the pyramids in caudal medulla to the basal forebrain and thalamus. • The neurons are -characterized by long radiating dendrites that ha ...
Efferent connections of the parabigeminal nucleus to the amygdala
... populations, as already indicated in Figs. 1c, e. On the contralateral side (Fig. 1h), the cells of origin of these two pathways are mixed. There are apparently three populations: neurons that project only to the Am, cells that project only to the SC (a smaller number), and double-labeled neurons th ...
... populations, as already indicated in Figs. 1c, e. On the contralateral side (Fig. 1h), the cells of origin of these two pathways are mixed. There are apparently three populations: neurons that project only to the Am, cells that project only to the SC (a smaller number), and double-labeled neurons th ...
Hsiang-Tung Chang
... throughout the world. At the time I obtained my doctorate under the direction of Fulton, Theodore Bullock and Alexander Mauro obtained theirs under the direction of Burr. Bullock is a leading figure in the field of comparative physiology. He has become professor of neurosciences in San Diego. Mauro ...
... throughout the world. At the time I obtained my doctorate under the direction of Fulton, Theodore Bullock and Alexander Mauro obtained theirs under the direction of Burr. Bullock is a leading figure in the field of comparative physiology. He has become professor of neurosciences in San Diego. Mauro ...
A Model for Delay Activity Without Recurrent Excitation
... that a moderately higher potentiation of a relatively small fraction of its input synapses can lead to a firing rate which is significantly higher than baseline activity. Hence, it is possible that spontaneous firing rates significantly above baseline could emerge in such a population, if there is no co ...
... that a moderately higher potentiation of a relatively small fraction of its input synapses can lead to a firing rate which is significantly higher than baseline activity. Hence, it is possible that spontaneous firing rates significantly above baseline could emerge in such a population, if there is no co ...