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Chapter 31 The Nervous System
Chapter 31 The Nervous System

... (neurotransmitters) are released across the synapse (gap between neurons) to the next neuron The message continues neuron to neuron ...
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Nervous System Graphics - Beacon Learning Center

... 1. Why are there so many different parts to our brain? Each part has a different purpose – reading, memory, etc. 2. What is a neuron? A nerve cell is called a neuron. 3. How do the neurons make a network? They connect to make a path from all the parts to the spinal cord and brain. 4. What is the spi ...
Parts of the Brain - Bellarmine University
Parts of the Brain - Bellarmine University

... Collection of nuclei that controls the autonomic nervous system, secretion from various glands, heart rate, movement of food in the intestines, rage, aggression, body temperature, hunger, thirst, sleep ...
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Circumventricular organs

Circumventricular organs (CVOs) are structures in the brain that are characterized by their extensive vasculature and lack of a normal blood brain barrier (BBB). The CVOs allow for the linkage between the central nervous system and peripheral blood flow; additionally they are an integral part of neuroendocrine function. The lack of a blood brain barrier allows the CVOs to act as an alternative route for peptides and hormones in the neural tissue to the peripheral blood stream, while still protecting it from toxic substances. CVOs can be classified into (a) sensory and (b) secretory organs. The sensory organs include the area postrema (AP), the subfornical organ (SFO) and the vascular organ of lamina terminalis. They have the ability to sense plasma molecules and then pass that information into other regions of the brain. Through this, they provide direct information to the autonomic nervous system from the systemic circulation. The secretory organs include the subcommissural organ (SCO), the posterior pituitary, the pineal gland, the median eminence and the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland. These organs are responsible for secreting hormones and glycoproteins into the peripheral vascular system using feedback from both the brain environment and external stimuli.All of the circumventricular organs, besides the SCO, contain extensive vasculature and fenestrated capillaries which leads to a ‘leaky’ BBB at the site of the organs. Furthermore, all CVOs contain neural tissue, allowing them to play a role in the neuroendocrine system. It is highly debated if the choroid plexus can be included as a CVO. It has a high concentration of fenestrated capillaries, but its lack of neural tissue and its primary role of producing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) usually excludes the choroid plexus from the CVO classification.Research has also linked CVOs to body fluid regulation, cardiovascular functions, immune responses, thirst, feeding behavior and reproductive behavior.
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