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Final Exam - Creighton Biology
Final Exam - Creighton Biology

... aa. an efflux of Ca2+ ions from the neuron. bb. an influx of Cl- into the neuron. cc. an influx of Na+ ions into the neuron. dd. an efflux of K+ ions from the neuron. The term “excitatory post synaptic potential” refers to ee. A single, relatively short lived depolarization of a postsynaptic neuron ...
NervousSystem2
NervousSystem2

... a conditioned reflex. Such an action’s taking place due to the animal’s perception of stimuli is a learned response. Such actions are present only after the animal has learned the appropriate response. They are to be distinguished from pathways that result in action but have not reached the cerebral ...
Language within our grasp:
Language within our grasp:

... – Some discharge during grasping; some during (specific kinds of) holding; some during reaching; some during tearing • Surprisingly, they were also found to discharge during observation of related movements: hence their name ‘mirror neurons’ • Later it was found they also discharge when the animal h ...
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of the Neurovascular Link
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of the Neurovascular Link

... signaling pathways that they activate and their functional role in neurodevelopment. Thus, our group is currently focused in further elucidating these processes using as a model systems the developing mouse spinal cord, cerebellum and hippocampus. While other embryonic tissues undergo primary vascul ...
Nervous System
Nervous System

... • The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary functions like digesting food, breathing • sympathetic nervous system: controls “fight or flight” response ...
Anatomy of spinal cord
Anatomy of spinal cord

... Nerve Cell Groups in Lateral Horn • Small column composed of small neurons extend from: • T1 to L2-3 segments, give rise to preganglionic sympathetic fibers • S2-4 segments, give rise to preganglionic parasympathetic fibers ...
L2-Anatomy of the Spinal Cord
L2-Anatomy of the Spinal Cord

... Nerve Cell Groups in Lateral Horn • Small column composed of small neurons extend from: • T1 to L2-3 segments, give rise to preganglionic sympathetic fibers • S2-4 segments, give rise to preganglionic parasympathetic fibers ...
1) Corticotropin releasing hormone secretion would not raise the
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... 5) Which type of diabetes would be associated with an absence of beta cells in pancreatic islets? a) Type 1 or IDDM b) Type 2 or Non-IDDM c) Diabetes Insipidus d) Both A and B 6) True/False: Cortisol is a glucocorticoid produced in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal medulla and it causes glycogen i ...
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The Nervous System - Florida International University
The Nervous System - Florida International University

... Nervous tissue is comprised to two classes of cells, both of ectodermal origin: (1) neurons, cells with excitable membranes and (2) neuroglia or glia (L., glue), support cells . Neurons forms the functional units of the nervous system and are electrically excitable cells whose membranes can undergo ...
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Continuing Education Independent Study Series
Continuing Education Independent Study Series

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Chapter 7
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2014 nervous system ppt
2014 nervous system ppt

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Bio_246_files/Motor Control

... • Initiate movement from premotor and prefrontal areas that are receiving sensory information ( Multimodal) from many areas of the brain. • controls contra lateral side of body. – Indirect pathways, (extra pyramidal) originate in other area of the brain. i.e. midbrain. • This system is involved in e ...
Chapter 2 - Neurophysiology
Chapter 2 - Neurophysiology

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The Nervous System - Plain Local Schools
The Nervous System - Plain Local Schools

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Nerve

... Sara Nash ([email protected]) and Sue Lee ([email protected]) Nerve Tissue I. The Neuron (slide #85, H&E; see Ross Fig. 11.1, p258) A. Basics -the neuron is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system -highly polarized cells: dendrites are neuronal processes that receive stimuli f ...
The big picture:
The big picture:

... Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems • The autonomic nervous system controls bodily functions that re beyond our conscious control • The efferent portions are divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions • Some organs receive input from both branches of the ANS • Branches u ...
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Nervous System

... The primary functions include; the ability to recognize changes in and of the body, the ability to interpret those changes and the ability to react to those changes. ...
cogsci200
cogsci200

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Chapter 48 Nervous System
Chapter 48 Nervous System

... The nervous, endocrine and immune systems often cooperate and interact in regulating internal body functions to maintain homeostasis. The ability of an organism to survive and maintain homeostasis depends largely on how it responds to internal and external stimuli. A stimulus is an agent or a change ...
Today`s Objectives Describe the basic structure of a nerve. Identify
Today`s Objectives Describe the basic structure of a nerve. Identify

... Some of the nerves only contain __________________________ (sensory) fibers, and some only contain ____________________________(motor) fibers, and others are _____________________________. ...
An Overview on the Physiologic Anatomy of the Autonomic Nervous
An Overview on the Physiologic Anatomy of the Autonomic Nervous

... 9 The two divisions of the ANS are dominant under different conditions. 9 The sympathetic system is activated during emergency “fight-or-flight” reactions and during exercise. 9 The parasympathetic system is predominant during quiet conditions (“rest and digest”). As such, the physiological effects ...
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Circumventricular organs

Circumventricular organs (CVOs) are structures in the brain that are characterized by their extensive vasculature and lack of a normal blood brain barrier (BBB). The CVOs allow for the linkage between the central nervous system and peripheral blood flow; additionally they are an integral part of neuroendocrine function. The lack of a blood brain barrier allows the CVOs to act as an alternative route for peptides and hormones in the neural tissue to the peripheral blood stream, while still protecting it from toxic substances. CVOs can be classified into (a) sensory and (b) secretory organs. The sensory organs include the area postrema (AP), the subfornical organ (SFO) and the vascular organ of lamina terminalis. They have the ability to sense plasma molecules and then pass that information into other regions of the brain. Through this, they provide direct information to the autonomic nervous system from the systemic circulation. The secretory organs include the subcommissural organ (SCO), the posterior pituitary, the pineal gland, the median eminence and the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland. These organs are responsible for secreting hormones and glycoproteins into the peripheral vascular system using feedback from both the brain environment and external stimuli.All of the circumventricular organs, besides the SCO, contain extensive vasculature and fenestrated capillaries which leads to a ‘leaky’ BBB at the site of the organs. Furthermore, all CVOs contain neural tissue, allowing them to play a role in the neuroendocrine system. It is highly debated if the choroid plexus can be included as a CVO. It has a high concentration of fenestrated capillaries, but its lack of neural tissue and its primary role of producing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) usually excludes the choroid plexus from the CVO classification.Research has also linked CVOs to body fluid regulation, cardiovascular functions, immune responses, thirst, feeding behavior and reproductive behavior.
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