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Dorsal Horn Structure/Function
Dorsal Horn Structure/Function

... It is clear that both myelinated and unmyelinated afferent fibres that respond to noxious stimulation in the periphery project predominantly to the superficial laminae of the dorsal horn. However, it is also clear that myelinated and unmyelinated fibres that signal the presence of innocuous mechanic ...
The NEURON
The NEURON

... •Branch near the cell body ...
This week`s lab will focus on the central nervous
This week`s lab will focus on the central nervous

... Internally, the brain has chambers or open spaces called ventricles that are filled with cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) that literally “baths” and surrounds the CNS including the spinal cord. The brain and spinal cord float within the CSF in the cranial and vertebral cavity. There are two lateral ventr ...
Lecture 19
Lecture 19

... myelinated sheath. The fibers with myelinated sheaths are called myelinated fibers. Myelinated nerves, composed mainly of myelinated axons, appear white in the fresh state. The sheath of myelinated fibers is formed by concentric layers of membranes of the Schwann cell (or oligodendrocyte in the CNS) ...
PPTX - Bonham Chemistry
PPTX - Bonham Chemistry

... Hormone: A chemical messenger released by an endocrine gland into the bloodstream and transported therein to reach its target cell. The distinction between a neurotransmitter and a hormone is physiological, not chemical. It depends on whether the molecule acts over a short distance (across a synapse ...
sensory neurone
sensory neurone

... Nerve fibres are bundles of nerve cells (NEURONES) that pass on electrical signals (IMPULSES) to the brain. ...
Summary - SCIENCE HELP @ ne3me.com
Summary - SCIENCE HELP @ ne3me.com

... The nervous system has two major divisions: the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system is the control center of the body. It relays messages, processes information, and analyzes information. The peripheral nervous system carries messages back and forth b ...
2012 ICP - Emory University Department of Pediatrics
2012 ICP - Emory University Department of Pediatrics

... Copied from Rogers Textbook of Pediatric Intensive Care ...
A1981ME66900001
A1981ME66900001

... Other fibers in the same muscle were specialized for fast contractions. Thus, the distinctive contractile responses evoked by the two motor axons were due to differential recruitment of specialized groups of muscle fibers, rather than to differences in transmitter chemicals. The mechanism of excitat ...
All Other Senses
All Other Senses

... Ability to identify smell peaks during early adulthood, but steadily declines after that. Women are better at detecting odors than men. ...
14.1-NervousMusculo-Skeletal-System
14.1-NervousMusculo-Skeletal-System

...  Why is the nervous system akin to the ‘fifth element’? The nervous system is akin to the “fifth element” because it holds the spark of life within it.  What is the myelin sheath? The myelin sheath is a protein-rich gel that coats the arms of neurons (the dendrites and axons), creating electrical ...
Nervous System - Serrano High School AP Biology
Nervous System - Serrano High School AP Biology

... Neural impulses are transmitted both chemically and electrically. This can happen because the cell membrane has the ability to pump out certain molecules that have an electrical charge and allow other charged particles in. There is a great diversity of neuron shapes and functions. There are three ty ...
Anatomy of Brain
Anatomy of Brain

... connecting the top of the parietooccipital sulcus and the preoccipital notch.  Inferiorly it is bounded by the lateral sulcus and the imaginary continuation of this sulcus to the posterior boundary of the parietal lobe.  Medially surface, it is bounded posteriorly by the corpus callosum and calcar ...
Unit 7 PowerPoint (PDF file)
Unit 7 PowerPoint (PDF file)

...  Well supplied with O2 and nutrients  Only nutritional source for brain metabolic activity is glucose  Capillaries in the brain are much less leaky than other capillaries in the body and form a blood brain barrier ...
Nervous System III – Senses
Nervous System III – Senses

... i. Optic fibers radiate outward into the temporal lobe before reaching their destination in the visual cortex in the occipital lobe. ...
Unit 6 Powerpoint
Unit 6 Powerpoint

...  Well supplied with O2 and nutrients  Only nutritional source for brain metabolic activity is glucose  Capillaries in the brain are much less leaky than other capillaries in the body and form a blood brain barrier ...
Synapse formation
Synapse formation

... • Humans will repeat behaviours that cause the release of dopamine and therefore the connection between the neuron increases. • With repeated activations of the neurons in the amygdala (through repeated pairings of the behaviour and the reward) the neurons are more readily able to release dopamine a ...
PNS Terminology
PNS Terminology

... • supplies cardiac and smooth muscle, glands (i.e. viscera) • comprised on two neurons – preganglionic and postganglionic – preganglionic synapses with the cell body of the postganglionic within the ganglion – the pregang and postgang neurotransmitters can differ – the postganglionic neuron is unmye ...
The BRAIN - davis.k12.ut.us
The BRAIN - davis.k12.ut.us

... ventricles Formation of CSF by the choroid plexus is facilitated by the very high rates of blood flow to the choroid plexus Covered with ependymal cells that form the cerebrospinal fluid In the choroid plexus the ependymal cells are, in contrast to elsewhere in the brain, tightly bound by tight junc ...
Document
Document

... Form link between sensory and motor neurons. ...
Nerve Tissue Part 1
Nerve Tissue Part 1

... If the signal is strong enough, it will go on to excite the postsynaptic membrane, and ...
Lecture Outline
Lecture Outline

... The cerebellum receives sensory information about joint position and muscle length, information from the auditory and visual systems, and input about motor commands issued by the cerebrum. o Information from the cerebrum passes first to the pons and from there to the cerebellum. o The cerebellum int ...
Local Copy - Synthetic Neurobiology Group
Local Copy - Synthetic Neurobiology Group

... dopamine cells in the ventral tegmental area that serves as part of the brain-reward system. Using this technique, the researchers discovered distinct pattern of dopamine cell activation that seemed to be able to disrupt alcohol-drinking behavior. Scientists at the California Institute of Technology ...
The Cerebellum
The Cerebellum

... – Each division, as its name implies, receives its predominant afferent input from a different source. – Each division also has somewhat different outputs. ...
THE CONTROL SYSTEMS
THE CONTROL SYSTEMS

... • Is an extension of brain stem and is considered part of the central nervous system. • Is made up of bundles of neurons. • Is about as big around as an adult thumb. • Is approximately 43 cm in length. • Contains cerebrospinal fluid. Why? • To cushion neurons in the spinal cord ...
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Circumventricular organs

Circumventricular organs (CVOs) are structures in the brain that are characterized by their extensive vasculature and lack of a normal blood brain barrier (BBB). The CVOs allow for the linkage between the central nervous system and peripheral blood flow; additionally they are an integral part of neuroendocrine function. The lack of a blood brain barrier allows the CVOs to act as an alternative route for peptides and hormones in the neural tissue to the peripheral blood stream, while still protecting it from toxic substances. CVOs can be classified into (a) sensory and (b) secretory organs. The sensory organs include the area postrema (AP), the subfornical organ (SFO) and the vascular organ of lamina terminalis. They have the ability to sense plasma molecules and then pass that information into other regions of the brain. Through this, they provide direct information to the autonomic nervous system from the systemic circulation. The secretory organs include the subcommissural organ (SCO), the posterior pituitary, the pineal gland, the median eminence and the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland. These organs are responsible for secreting hormones and glycoproteins into the peripheral vascular system using feedback from both the brain environment and external stimuli.All of the circumventricular organs, besides the SCO, contain extensive vasculature and fenestrated capillaries which leads to a ‘leaky’ BBB at the site of the organs. Furthermore, all CVOs contain neural tissue, allowing them to play a role in the neuroendocrine system. It is highly debated if the choroid plexus can be included as a CVO. It has a high concentration of fenestrated capillaries, but its lack of neural tissue and its primary role of producing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) usually excludes the choroid plexus from the CVO classification.Research has also linked CVOs to body fluid regulation, cardiovascular functions, immune responses, thirst, feeding behavior and reproductive behavior.
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